05/26/2023 Notes Flashcards
Muscles of the pectoral girdle originate and insert where?
Pectoral girdle muscles originate on the axial skeleton and insert on the clavicle and scapula
What do muscles of the pectoral girdle do for the scapula?
Helps to stabilize the scapula and move it to increase the arm’s angle of movement
What anterior muscles are found in the thorax?
Pectoralis Minor and Serratus Anterior
What muscle is the prime mover in scapular protraction?
Serratus Anterior
What posterior muscles are found in the thorax?
Rhomboid Major, Rhomboid Minor, and Trapezius
What muscles are antagonistic to the serratus anterior and pectoralis minor?
Rhomboid Major and Minor
What muscles that move the glenohumeral joint are originate on the axial skeleton?
Latissimus Dorse and Pectoralis Major
What is a prime arm mover muscle and often referred to as the “swimmer’s muscle”?
Latissimus Dorsi
What muscles that move the arm originate on the scapula?
Deltoid, coracobrachialis, teres major, and rotator cuff muscles (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor)
What muscle is a prime abductor of the shoulder and is a good location for intramuscular injections?
Deltoid
Flexing the elbow joint means the same thing as flexing the…?
Flexing the forearm
Fasciae separates muscles into _____ that contain associated nerves and blood vessels.
Compartments
Anterior compartment muscles of the arm are primarily elbow _____?
Elbow flexors
Posterior compartment muscles of the arm are primarily elbow _____?
Elbow extensors
What muscle with two heads is found in the anterior compartment of the arm?
Biceps Brachii
What muscle is the prime extensor of the elbow joint? What muscle is it antagonistic to?
Triceps Brachii located in the posterior compartment of the arm; it is antagonistic to the anterior compartment
Since there are no muscles in the fingers, how are they moved?
Flexors and extensors located in the forearm/palm move the digits
The anterior compartment muscles of the forearm do what to the wrist, metacarpal joints, and interphalangeal joints?
Anterior compartment muscles flexes them
What compartment muscles of the forearm extends the wrist, metacarpal joints, and interphalangeal joints?
Posterior compartment
What does the retinacula do in the forearm?
Holds tendon close to the bone to prevent “bowstringing” of the tendons
Where are the most powerful and largest muscles of the body located?
Within the lower limb
What is the fascia lata?
Deep fascia that encircles the thigh muscles like a stocking and tightly binds them
What are the four compartments in the thigh?
Posterior, anterior, medial, lateral
What functions do the anterior compartment muscles of the thigh do?
Extends the knee and flexes the thigh
What functions do the lateral compartment muscles of the thigh do?
Abducts the thigh
What functions do the posterior compartment muscles of the thigh do?
Flexes the knee and extends the thigh
What functions do the medial compartment muscles of the thigh do?
Adducts the thigh
Most of the muscles that act on the thigh originate where?
On the os coxae
Muscles in the thigh help to stabilize what joint? What other functions do they have?
Stabilize acetabulofemoral joint, support the body during standing and walking
What is the longest muscle of the body?
Sartoris
What muscle attaches to the iliotibial tract (IT band)?
Tensor Fasciae Latae
What is the largest and heaviest gluteal muscle that is also a chief extensor of the thigh?
Gluteus Maximus
What muscle can put pressure on the sciatic nerve?
Piriformis
