05/25/2023 Notes

Question 1

What is the anterolateral muscle that moves the head and neck?

Answer 1

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 2

What forms the lateral border of the suprasternal fossa?

Answer 2

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 3

What two muscles are part of the posterior neck muscles that move the head and neck?

Answer 3

Splenius Capitus and Semisplenius Capitus

Question 4

Muscles of the vertebral column are superficial to what group of muscles?

Answer 4

Superficial back muscles

Question 5

The spelius capitus and semispelius capitus extend the _____ portion of the vertebral column

Answer 5

Cervical

Question 6

The vertebral column muscles are _____ than flexor muscles of the abdominal wall

Answer 6

Stronger

Question 7

What do the erector spinae muscles do?

Answer 7

Maintain posture, stand erect, and are found across the entire vertebral column

Question 8

When both sides of the erector spinae muscles contract, how does the spine move?

Answer 8

The spine extends

Question 9

When only one side of erector spinae muscles contract, how does the spine move?

Answer 9

The spine flexes laterally to the same side the muscles contracted

Question 10

What muscle is deep to erector spinae muscles?

Answer 10

Transversospinalis

Question 11

What does the process of respiration involve?

Answer 11

Inhalation and Exhalation

Question 12

When inhaling, several muscles _____ to increase the dimensions of the thoracic cavity and forms _____ pressure (_____ vacuum)

Answer 12

Contract; negative; partial

Question 13

When exhaling, what happens to the respiratory muscles?

Answer 13

They relax and allow the elastic recoil of lung tissue to pull the chest wall inwards

Question 14

Muscles of respiration are located _____ to the superficial muscles of the thoracic wall

Answer 14

Deep

Question 15

What are the three principal muscles of respiration

Answer 15

External intercostals, internal intercostals, and diaphragm

Question 16

What muscles are used for restful breathing?

Answer 16

External intercostals

Question 17

What muscles are used for forceful exhalation?

Answer 17

Internal intercostals

Question 18

What are the functions of the anterolateral wall muscles?

Answer 18

Hold the abdominal organs in place, assist in defection, and aid in forceful exhalation

Question 19

What forms the rectus sheath?

Answer 19

External oblique, internal oblique, and transverse abdominis

Question 20

What is the rectus sheath?

Answer 20

An aponeurotic sheath that covers the rectus abdominis

Question 21

What is the linea semilunaris?

Answer 21

The cutaneous depression lateral to the abdominis rectus

Question 22

What do the tendinous intersections do?

Answer 22

Partitions the rectus abdominis horizontally

Question 23

What do the linea alba do?

Answer 23

Partitions the rectus abdomins into left and right sections

Question 24

What are the four abdominal wall muscles?

Answer 24

External oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis, and rectus abdominis

Question 25

What abdominal wall muscle forms the inguinal ligament?

Answer 25

External oblique

Question 26

What is the pelvic diaphragm?

Answer 26

A composition of three muscles and associated fasciae that extends from the ischium and pubis ossa coxae to the pelvic outlet and forms the pelvic floor and support the pelvic viscera

Question 27

What 4 bony landmarks are associated with the perineum?

Answer 27

Anterior pubic symphysis, posterior coccyx, and both lateral ischial tuberosities

Question 28

What is found in the anterior urogenital triangle?

Answer 28

External genitalia and urethra

Question 29

What is found in the posterior anal triangle?

Answer 29

Anus

Question 30

What does the Levator Ani do?

Answer 30

Support pelvic viscera and functions as a sphincter at the anorectal juntion, urethra, and vagina

Question 31

Who made the pubococcygeus muscle famous?

Answer 31

Dr. Arnold Kegel

Question 32

What exercises are used to strengthen the pubococcygeus to help control urinary incontnence and compresses the vagina to aid in coitus?

Answer 32

Kegel Exercises

Question 33

What do appendicular muscles do?

Answer 33

Control the movement of upper and lower limbs, and help stabilize and control the movements of the pectoral and pelvic girdle