05/18/2023 Notes Flashcards
What is the clavicle?
An s-shaped bone that binds the shoulder to the axial skeleton
What are epaulets?
A section on modern-day military uniforms derived from ancient segments of armor designed to protect clavicles
What is the longest and largest bone of the upper extremity?
Humerus
What is the Head of the Humerus?
The proximal end of the humerus that articulates with the glenoid cavity
Where are the tubercles found on the humerus?
Adjacent to the head of the humerus
What is the greater tubercle?
The tubercle that is lateral on the humerus that forms the rounded contour of the shoulder
What tubercle of the humerus is smaller and located medially?
Lesser Tubercle
What is the intertubecular groove?
A groove found between the tubercles of the humerus that contains one of the tendons of the biceps brachii
What is found between the head of the humerus and the tubercles of the humerus?
The anatomical neck of the humerus
What does the anatomical neck of the humerus mark?
The former location of an epiphyseal growth plate
What is a common fracture site in the humerus in elderly persons?
The surgical neck of the humerus
What is the capitulum?
A lateral, rounded condyle that receives the radius
What is the trochlea?
A medial condyle that receives the ulna
What bone structures are located above the condyles and serve as sites for muscle attachments?
Lateral and Medial Malleoli
What fracture results in a “silver fork” deformity?
Colles Fracture
What dense regular connective tissue connects the radius and ulna together?
Interosseous Membrane
The interosseous membrane does what?
Keep the radius and ulna at a fixed distance and allows rotation of the arm
Where are nails pounded into the body during crucifixion?
Between the distal ends of the radius and ulna OR in the carpal bones of the wrist
What nerve does crucifixion damage?
The median nerve
What bones are found in the palm of the manus?
Metacarpal bones
What is another name for the thumb?
Pollex
How many bones of the fingers are there in a hand?
14
Which finger only has 2 phalanges?
Thumb
Why is the scapula fractured infrequently?
It is well protected by surrounding muscles
Fractures of the scapula may also be associated with what?
Fractures to ribs 2-7 following severe blows to the back
What is another common name for Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation (A-C Separation)?
Shoulder separation
How does one separate their shoulder?
When an individual falls and lands on the point of their shoulder, which drives their scapula distal from the lateral end of the clavicle
When the articulation of the head of the humerus and glenoid cavity become separated, what injury results?
Dislocation of the shoulder