Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 2320 - Human Anatomy > 05/17/2023 Notes > Flashcards

05/17/2023 Notes Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are three structures that can be found in the ethmoidal bone?

A

Ethmoidal sinuses, crista galli, and cribriform plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the attachment site for the falx cerebri?

A

Crista galli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The cribriform plate contains foramina for what?

A

Olfactory nerves (nerves of smell)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What deadly disease can occur if the cribriform plate is fractured?

A

Meningitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Nasal bones are easily _____.

A

Fractured

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What facial bones form the bridge of the nose?

A

Nasal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Teeth in the maxillae are contained in what?

A

Alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The palatine processes of the maxillae and the palatine bones form what?

A

The hard palate and the floor of the nasal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is another name for cleft lip?

A

Harelip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Failure of the palatine bones and maxillae to fuse at 10-12 weeks during development results in what?

A

Cleft lip and/or cleft palate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why are maxillary sinuses prone to chronic sinus infection?

A

Poor drainage due to a high and medial opening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Fracture of the maxillary sinus can result in what two problems?

A

Crepitus and Blowout fractures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is crepitus?

A

A crackling sound caused by escape of air under the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A fracture of the floor of the orbit that causes the eye or eye muscles to drop into the maxillary sinus is called what?

A

Blowout fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What facial bone forms the lower jaw?

A

Mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where do dentists inject anesthesia?

A

Mandibular foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Why do dentists target the mandibular foramen to inject anesthesia?

A

To perform a third division nerve block, which numbs one of the three branches of the trigeminal nerve that sends sensation of the gums and teeth of the lower jaw to the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is another word for birth?

A

Partuition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Fibrous sutures and fontanelles allow for _____ of the head during birth.

A

Molding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the purpose of the 6 large, membranous areas of the skull that provides space between developing bones?

A

Allow the cranium to expand in growing children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What do bulging fontanelles indicate?

A

Menginitis (increased intracranial pressure)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What do sunken soft spots indicate?

A

Dehydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What age do fontanelles disappear?

A

15-24 months of age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

At what age does most skull growth occur?

A

Age 5

25
Q

Brain growth is _____% complete by age 5.

A

90-95%

26
Q

Does the skull grow slower than the rest of the bones in the body?

A

No, the skull grows faster

27
Q

Why do aging people lose their teeth?

A

Erosion of the alveolar process of the mandible and maxilla

28
Q

At what age does the coronal suture future?

A

In the late 20s or early 30s

29
Q

What sutures fuse when a person is in their 40s?

A

Sagittal and lambdoid sutures

30
Q

Do squamosal sutures always fuse?

A

No, they might fuse in a person’s 60s or not at all

31
Q

What are the four curvatures in the vertebral column?

A

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral

32
Q

Sudden falls and car crashed and put great strain on the cervical vertebrae and cause what?

A

Whiplash

33
Q

What is an identifying characteristic of the axis (C2)?

A

Odontoid Process (dens)

34
Q

Trauma to the dens can damage what vital structures?

A

Spinal cord and potentially the brain

35
Q

The axis allows what movement of the head?

A

Shaking in a side-to-side motion (indicating no)

36
Q

The coccyx may fuse with _____ in older individuals.

A

Sacrum

37
Q

How can the coccyx break or be bruised?

A

Abrupt falls and childbirth

38
Q

What two parts make the intervertebral disks?

A

Annulus Fibrosus and Nucleus Pulposus

39
Q

What is the annulus fibrosus?

A

An outer ring of fibrocartilage that protects the nucleus pulposus

40
Q

What is the nucleus pulposus?

A

An inner gelatinous core of the intervertebral disk

41
Q

Intervertebral discs make up a _____ of the length of the spinal cord

A

Quarter

42
Q

What functions do intervertebral disks have?

A

Act as shock absorbers and allows flexibility between vertebrae

43
Q

What is the longest part of the sternum?

A

Gladiolus

44
Q

What are costal notches?

A

Attachment sites for ribs 2-7 to the sternum

45
Q

Why is the sternal angle important?

A

Rib 2 attaches at the sternal angle

46
Q

When does the xiphoid ossify?

A

Age 40

47
Q

Blunt trauma to the xiphoid process may do what?

A

Damage the liver or heart

48
Q

What can happen following fracture of the vertebrae?

A

Paralysis

49
Q

What is flail chest?

A

When 3+ ribs are fractured in two places, paradoxical motion occurs and may damage the lungs

50
Q

What is spina bifida?

A

Congenital defect of the vertebral column resulting from a failure of the laminae of vertebrae to fuse which exposes the meninges or spinal cord

51
Q

What part of the spine is usually affected by spina bifida?

A

Lumbar area

52
Q

How many cases of spina bifida be prevented with proper nutrition and intake of folic acid?

A

50%

53
Q

What are causes of lower back pain in the lumbar region?

A

Strained muscles, herniated disks, or dislocation of articular facets

54
Q

What is the most common cause of lower back pain?

A

Strained muscles

55
Q

How is lower back pain treated?

A

Bed rest, spinal manipulation by a chiropractor, strengthening of abdominal and back muscles, and surgery

56
Q

Abdominal muscles are the _____ supporting muscles of the lower back

A

Anterior

57
Q

Muscles of the back are the _____ supporting muscles of the spine

A

Posterior

58
Q

Rectus Abdominis is an example of what muscle groups?

A

Abdominal muscles

59
Q

What muscles are an example of the muscles in the lower back that aid in supporting the spine?

A

Erector spinae muscles

Biology 2320 - Human Anatomy (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions