WH Ch 8.1-8.2

Question 1

ruler of the Mediterranean basin in ancient times

Answer 1

Rome

Question 2

The boot-shaped peninsula

Answer 2

Italy

Question 3

The ancestors of the Romans

Answer 3

Itali

Question 4

settled by the Tiber River in west-central Italy on the plain of Latium

Answer 4

latins

Question 5

traditional date for the founding of Rome

Answer 5

753 B.C.

Question 6

a common market or meeting place for latin settlements

Answer 6

forum

Question 7

appeared in Italy about 800 B.C. and settled in Etruria, north of Latium

Answer 7

Etruscans

Question 8

the upper-class “insiders” to Roman politics, religion, and society;

Answer 8

patricians

Question 9

the lower-class “outsiders” to Roman political and cultural life.

Answer 9

plebeians

Question 10

began colonizing the Mediterranean world extensively during the 700s B.C.

Answer 10

Greeks

Question 11

was founded in 814 B.C. as a Phoenecian colony and trading post in North Africa

Answer 11

Carthage

Question 12

wild Celtic barbarians from western Europe, were the last Indo-European people to enter Italy

Answer 12

gauls

Question 13

piety, or a sense of duty

Answer 13

peitas

Question 14

gravity, or seriousness of purpose

Answer 14

gravitas

Question 15

dignity, or a sense of personal worth

Answer 15

dignitas

Question 16

in Rome, a temple dedicated to the numerous gods of the empire

Answer 16

Pantheon

Question 17

greeks slave to tutor roman boys

Answer 17

pedagogue

Question 18

the king was advised in his decisions by an august body of 100 patrician elders known as the what

Answer 18

senate

Question 19

which represented the 193 centuries, or military units of 100 men each, to which each Roman, patrician or plebeian, belonged as a citizen-soldier

Answer 19

Assembly of Centuries

Question 20

in what year did the nobles of Rome led a revolt of both patricians and plebeians against the tyranny of the last Etruscan king, Tarquin the Proud

Answer 20

509 B.C.

Question 21

is a representative form of civil government in which political power is vested in the electorate

Answer 21

republic

Question 22

patricians who were elected by the Assembly of Centuries and held office for one year with no right of succession

Answer 22

consuls

Question 23

“I forbid” in government

Answer 23

veto

Question 24

plebeian assembly

Answer 24

concilium plebis

Question 25

represent the plebs.

Answer 25

tribune

Question 26

set up in the Forum in 450 B.C., made Roman law accessible to all citizens for the first time

Answer 26

twelve tables

Question 27

the Romans had conquered the Etruscans, subdued the Gauls, and seized the Greek colonies of southern Italy by what year

Answer 27

265 B.C.

Question 28

Roman military units of 3,000–5,000 foot soldiers and cavalry

Answer 28

legions

Question 29

In which punic war did , Rome experienced several early defeats but was later able to develop a superior navy and gain control of the Mediterranean Sea

Answer 29

1st punic war

Question 30

what started the first punic war

Answer 30

Carthage invaded sicily

Question 31

man that attempted to use elephants in war and attacked rome from the north

Answer 31

hannibal

Question 32

general that attacked carthage after being attacked by hannibal for 12 years in the north

Answer 32

Scipio

Question 33

what punic war did carthage get defeated at the battle of zama

Answer 33

2nd punic war

Question 34

What battle in the 2nd punic war did the carthageneans get beat by rome

Answer 34

Battle of Zama

Question 35

prisoners of war, slaves, or criminals forced to fight in public shows

Answer 35

gladiators

Question 36

championed the cause of the poor and convinced the concilium plebis to enact “reforms” which limited the amount of land one man could own and distributed public lands to the poor

Answer 36

Tiberius Gracchus

Question 37

the brother of Tiberius, was elected tribune in 123 B.C. He, too, attempted to carry out certain reforms, including the government sale of grain to the poor at low prices and the creation of new colonies to which the poor could immigrate, commited suicide

Answer 37

Gaius Gracchus

Question 38

first civil war was fought between who?

Answer 38

Marius and Sulla

Question 39

second civil war was fought between who?

Answer 39

Pompey and Julius Caesar

Question 40

who formed the First Triumvirate which ruled rome

Answer 40

JC,Pompey,and Crassus

Question 41

elected consul in 59 B.C. with pompey's support

Answer 41

Julius Caesar

Question 42

became govenor of gaul and conqured much of europe

Answer 42

Julius Caesar

Question 43

what river did jc cross to declare war

Answer 43

Rubicon River

Question 44

what year was pompey defeated

Answer 44

48 B.C.

Question 45

last ptolemaic ruler

Answer 45

cleopatra

Question 46

what day was Julius murdered by senators

Answer 46

March 15,44 B.C.

Question 47

who was the third civil war fought between

Answer 47

Mark Antony and Octavian

Question 48

what year did the 3rd civil war begin

Answer 48

37 B.C.

Question 49

who gave cleopatra land because of his "love"

Answer 49

Antony

Question 50

who won the 3rd civil war, and also made the leaders of the other side to commit suicide

Answer 50

Octavian