Biology 5.3-5.5 Flashcards
nonflowering vascular
plants with spore-bearing leaves and horizontal underground stems
ferns
tiny, one-celled reproductive structures that can grow into distinct or independent organisms under the proper conditions
spores
groups of minute spore cases
sori
minute spore cases
sporangia
the stage that you see and think of as a fern; as its name implies, it is an asexual stage that produces spores
sporophyte
much smaller and is the sexual stage that produces gametes
gametophyte
quite different from the original fern plant and is the beginning of the gametophyte generation
prothallus
creep
ing vascular plants with erect stems that bear spores in club-shaped, cone-like structures
club mosses
vascular
plants with unique hollow, jointed stems and very small leaves present only at the joints
horsetails
nonvascular plants
that lack xylem and phloem, the tissues that conduct water and food in vascular plants
mosses
moss-like plants and liverworts
bryophytes
tiny hair like threads which grow into the soil to absorb water and minerals
rhizoids
is not a moss but a flowering plant and a member of the pineapple family.
spanish moss
peat moss
moss that helps prevent soil erosion
d plant materials that collect in swamps and marshes (peat bogs) over time
peat
alternation of generations is what
when plants use both a sexual and sexual reproduction
lack true leaves, roots, and stems and grow along the surface of the soil, attached by rhizoids
liverworts
the smallest of the green,
chlorophyll-containing organisms
algae
microorganisms that float near the surface of the water and provide food for larger organisms
plankton
the largest group of algae
green algae
groups of algae
colonies
unicellular green alga that lives in both soil and water, is unusual in that it possesses two distinctly animal-like characteristics
Chlamydomonas
whiplike structures that allow locomotion
flagella
d lives as a single cell with a beltlike constriction about its middle dividing it into two identical semicells
desmids
live in pale-green globular colonies, which are just barely visible to the unaided human eye. Each colony is hollow, with a watery fluid filling the inner cavity
volvox
have been used
in biological laboratories for many types of scientific investigations
Spirogyra
possibly the most abundant life form on earth except for bacteria
diatoms
creator of the Nobel prize, discovered that diatomaceous earth would absorb three times its own weight of nitroglycerin
alfred nobel
contain green chlorophyll, but it is masked by the presence of the same golden-brown pigment found in yellow algae.
brown algae
the largest of the brown algae
kelp
seaweed is in what algae group
brown algae
a gelatinous substance used in many food products
carrageenan
h laboratories use as a culture medium for growing bacteria, is also derived from red algae
agar
are a monophyletic group of single-celled eukaryotes constituting the phylum Dinoflagellata[5] and are usually considered protists
dinoflagellates
occurs when this dinoflagellate blooms, or grows so rapidly that the water is tinged with a pinkish color
red tide
] are microscopic, one-celled, aquatic organisms found in both fresh water and salt water
dinoflagellates
blue and red pigments along with the green chlorophyll;
cyanobacteria
process in which plant nutrients enter an aquatic ecosystem
Eutrophication
genus of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria whose cells look like tiny beads or barrels
anabaena
