Wh Ch 18 Flashcards
Mary Stuart’s son that inherited the throne of England & united England & Scotland
James I
the absolute rule of kings
divine right of kings
King James I ordered the translation of the Authorized or King James Version of the Bible
in what year
1611
what year did England colonize James town
1611
what year did England colonize Plymouth
1620
signed by Charles reaffirming the rights of ppl
Petition of Rights
in what year did Charles dissolve parliament to become the one and only ruler of eng.
1629
sought to make the England Church more like the Roman Church
William Laud
the Parliament that sat in session for 13 years
“Long Parliament”
grievances of Puritans in Parliament for religious reform & limitation of the king’s power
Grand Remonstrance
Parliament’s supporter’s were the what
roundheads
the leader of Parliament’s armies; his army was known as the “Ironsides”
Oliver Cromwell
people that supported the king
Cavilers
turning pt. of the Civil War in favor of the Roundheads (Ironsides won)
Battle of Marston Moor
final Major defeat of the Cavaliera
Battle of Naseby
declared King Charles I guilty of treason and had him beheaded
Rump Parliament
England’s new republican government under Cromwell
Commonwealth
Cromwell’s govt after he dissolved Parliament; he made himself “Lord Protector”
Protectorate
Oliver Cromwell’s weak successor
Richard Cromwell
son of Charles I who restored the monarchy in England
Charles II
secret agreement b/w Charles II & Louis XIV to make England Catholic
Treaty of Dover
leaders of Parliament who opposed Charles II
Whigs
Catholic King after Charles II
James II
England’s greatest epic
Paradise Lost
One of the greatest English writers of all time (possibly second only to Shakespeare)
John Milton
what year was the Massachusetts bay made
1630
overthrew James II & became the protestant King & Queen of England
William III and Mary II
permanently established English traditional political liberties
English bill of rights
the “Glorious Revolution” Or the “Bloodless Revolution”
1688
Last Stuart monarch in England
Queen Anne
wrote pilgrams progress, England’s greatest allegory
John Bunyan
wrote about the mind and the soul and eternity to express spiritual truth
Metaphysical poets
lyrical poems about love and the pleasures of this world
cavalier poets
started the piest movement
Phillip Spener
German Baptists
The Brethren
leader of the Moravians, est. a Moravian settlement on his estate
Count Nicholas von Zinzendorf
headquarters for Moravian missions
Herrnhut
his most famous sermon was “sinners in the Hands of an angry God”
Johnathan Edwards
Best-known evangelist of the Great Awakening
Went on 7 evangelistic tours total
George Whitefield
brought the Great Awakening to England
John Wesly
who made empiricism
John Locke
experience is the only source of knowledge
empiricism
who created skepticism
David Hume
to know truth is impossible & knowledge is uncertain
skepticism
brother of John Wesley known for hymn writing; George Whitefield & their friend group was called the “Methodists”
Charles Wesley
the Wesley church forms what denomination
Methodist
lead the movement in England to end slavery
William Wilberforce
founded the 1st Sunday School (“Father of the Sunday School Movement”) & started popular education in England
Robert Raikes
bettered the conditions of the prison system in Eng.
John Howard
father of modern missions
William Carey
father of American missions
Adoniram Judson
wrote “Amazing Grace”
John Newton
father of modern conservatism
Edmund Burke
leading authority in British law; Commentaries on the Laws of England
Sir William Blackstone
greatest literary figure of the 18th century
Samuel Johnson
charted the islands of New Zealand. New Guinea, Australia, & the Hawaiian Islands
Captain James Cook:
began the Hanoverian Line of English Kings
George I
what major event happened during his reign
The Jacobite Rebellion
2nd Hanoverian King; less involved than the 1st
George II
what happened during George II’s reign
American Industrial revolution
British fought the French & their North American allies for control of eastern North America
French & Indian War
Prime Minister of England who drove the French out of North America
William Pitt the elder
worked to increase the power of the king of England over the colonies
George III
the real measure of a nation’s wealth is the mount of gold or silver it possessed; colonies existed for the good of the mother country
Mercantilism
The American War for Independence took place during his reign
…
most important human statement of political principles in the history of the world
Declaration of Independence (July 4, 1776)
America’s 1st attempt at a national government
Articles of Confederation
