Biology CH7 Flashcards
backbone” of the skeletal system
axial skeleton
bone area that protects the brain
skull
composes the top, sides, and rear of the skull. Largest part of the skull
cranium
the soft spots on the top and back of an infant’s head
fontanels
serve as the framework of the face and jaw
facial bones
form the central portion of
the face and serve as the attachments for your upper teeth
maxillary bones
which forms the lower jaw and holds the lower teeth
mandible
the roof of the mouth
palate
hollow spaces within the skull
sinuses
serves as the foundation of many of the tongue muscles and of certain other muscles that allow you to swallow
hyoid bone
The smallest bones in the human body are the three
middle ear bones. what are they called
the malleus, incus, and stapes
chief structural member of the body
spine
allow the spine to bend and twist somewhat; these disks also act as shock absorbers.
intervertebral
tough, rubbery connective tissue that cushions the joints
between bones
Cartilage
seven vertebrae that form the neck
cervical vertebrae
serve as attachments for the rib cage
thoracic vertebrae
support the weight of the entire upper body.
lumbar vertebrae
coccyx
tail bone
severe lateral curvature of the spine
scoliosis
cage of bones that protect the chest
thoracic cage
the most prominent bones of the thoracic cage
ribs
allow the thoracic cage to expand
costal cartilages
includes the
126 bones that form the pectoral girdle (the shoulders), the pelvic girdle (the hips), and the appendages (the arms and legs)
appendicular skeleton
includes the shoulder blades
pectoral girdle
scapulae
shoulder blades
largest of the three bones in the arm
humerus
bone on the same side of your forearm as your little finger, is attached firmly to the humerus by a strong, hinge-like joint
ulna
the bone on the same side as your thumb, is attached to the ulna and humerus by a weaker but more movable joint that allows it to rotate around the ulna
radius
, form an intricate assembly that allows the wrist to bend in various directions
carpals
compose the base of the thumb and the main part of the hand
metacarpals
bones that form the fingers and thumb
phalanges
forms a rigid ring of thick bone that supports most of the body’s weight
pelvic girdle
longest bone in the body
femur
The main weight-bearing bone of the leg
tibia
much thinner than the tibia and does not attach to the femur at all. Rather, it is attached to the tibia, just as the radius is attached to the ulna in the fore-arm.
fibula
