WH Ch 23 Flashcards
A form of socialism that promotes violent overthrow of government to change society; usually results in a dictator that controls the people
communism
communism was Formulated by
Karl Marx
1st to put communism into practice on a wide scale
Vladimir Lenin
organized communism into a pseudo-scientific format
Friedrich Engles
problems of history occur because the wealthy oppress the poor
class struggle
only the material world exists & material conditions alone determine a person’s life
Dialectic Materialism
the middle class property owners (opposed by Marx)
Bourgeoisie
lower working class (supported by Marx)
Proletariat
Completed & published in 1848 by Karl marx & Fredrich Engles
Laid out a program for Communist Revolution
Communist Manifesto
Paris commune deigned to test Marx’s communist ideology
First International
written by Karl Marx in 1867; basis for the ideology of Communism
Das Kapital
original inhabitants of Russia
Slavs
conquered Russia in 1240
Mongols
1st to take the title of czar
Brought a form of feudalism to Russia
Ivan the terrible
ruled for about 300 years
Romanov Dynasty
founded the Romanov dynasty of czars
Micheal Romanov
greatest Romanov ruler; modernized Russia & made St. Petersburg the new capital
Peter Romanov
tried to westernize Russia; expanded Russia to the Black Sea
Catherine the Great
czar during the Napoleonic Wars & the French invasion; claimed Alaska & the Oregon Territory during his rule
Alexander I
created the secret police after the December Revolt; fought in the Crimean War
Nicholas I
freed the serfs from feudalism but increased his power over them
Alexander II
brutally destroyed rebellions & attacked the Jewish people because of his father’s assasination
Alexander III
Weak ruler of Russia after Alexander III, Ruler during the “Bloody Sunday” incident
Nicholas II
war fought with Japan over Manchuria; Russia lost
Russo-Japanese War
an elected legislative body with limited powers (created after “Bloody Sunday”)
Duma
overthrow of Nicholas II and set up of a Provisional Government (February 1917)
Russian Revolution
leader of the Provisional Government (& Russia’s labor party)
Alexander Kerensky
Communist revolutionary that led the Bolsheviks (majority) against the Mensheviks (minority)
Vladimir Lenin
chief henchman of Vladimir Lenin
Leon Trotsky
councils of workers, soldiers, & peasants
Soviets
overthrow of the Provisional Government by Lenin to establish the world’s 1st Communist Government
Bolshevik Revolution (November 1917)
Lenin used the Cheka (secret police) to enforce his rule
Red Terror
ruling elite of the Committee party
Central Committee
Lenin’s organization made to spread Communism around the world
Third International
Lenin’s attempt to take control of all economic assets of Russia
War communism
Stalin’s attempt to transform Russia into an industrial superpower; collectivizing agriculture led to millions of deaths
Five year plan
reign of terror designed to root put threats to Stalin’s authority
Great Purge
The Gulag Archipelago
Alexander Solzhenitsyn
