Biology 5.6-CH 6 Flashcards

1
Q

nonvascular plant-­like organisms that lack chlorophyll and depend upon other organisms for food.

A

fungi

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2
Q

e thread­like structures, or filaments, that form the body of a fungus

A

hyphae

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3
Q

main body of a fungus

A

mycelium

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4
Q

obtain their nutrition from dead organisms

A

saprophytes

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5
Q

produce spores in microscopic club-­shaped structures called basidia

A

club-fungi

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6
Q

consist of a mass of subterranean hyphae that spread through the soil but come together to form a main, compact mass, or mycelium, just under the surface

A

mushrooms

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7
Q

often found
fruiting body
mycelium
growing on trees or rotting logs, are in this same group of club fungi. Their mycelia spread throughout the log, digesting the wood and causing decay.

A

shelf fungi

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8
Q

an organism that lives on or in an­other living organism and derives its nutrition from that organism.

A

parasite

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9
Q

named for the rusty-­colored spores that they leave on their hosts.

A

rusts

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10
Q

parasites that must have two hosts to com­plete their life cycle

A

heteroecious parasites

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11
Q

produce masses of black spores on
their hosts. attack grains such as corn, oats, wheat, rye, and barley.

A

smuts

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12
Q

mold that attacks bread

A

bread mold

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13
Q

allowed to grow on the cheese as it ages

A

cheese molds

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14
Q

feed on important foods like potatoes and cereal grains.

A

parasitic molds

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15
Q

Fungi with sac­-like spore-producing struc­tures

A

sac-fungi

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16
Q

colorless, single-­celled organism that feeds on foods containing sugar

A

yeast

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17
Q

grow on wet clothes and shower stalls

A

mildew

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18
Q

jelly-­like organisms
often seen on the bark of fallen trees.

A

slime molds

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19
Q

two different kinds of organisms living together for mutual benefit

A

symbiosis

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20
Q

live together in a close relationship that combines the two organisms into a single unit called what

A

lichen

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21
Q

contains the brain

A

cranial cavity

22
Q

contains the spinal cord

A

spinal cavity

23
Q

contains the heart, lungs, esophagus, windpipe, thymus, and aorta

A

thoracic cavity

24
Q

, contains the liver, stomach, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, urinary bladder, small intestine, large intestine, and the reproductive organs, or gonads.

A

abdominopelvic cavity

25
a group of structures that function together as a unit to perform a definite job for the body.
system
26
system that functions together to bring food, water, and oxygen to the cells and to carry away waste products.
cardiovascular system
27
the body’s defense against these and other foreign invaders
immune system
28
supplys body tissues with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide
respiratory system
29
the thin-walled air sacs at the ends of the smallest bronchial tubes in the lungs.
alveoli
30
makes a path through the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities, is composed of a number of organs that make up a 6 m long tube, the alimentary canal, that leads from the mouth to the anus, the opening through which wastes are expelled
digestive sytem
31
provides a number of openings through which a variety of waste materials are excreted from the body
excretory system
32
coordinates the activities of the body
nervous system
33
the most important organ of the nervous system
brain
34
system that contains horomones
endocrine system
35
protects the body from its surroundings, providing protection from bacteria and other microbes.
integumentary
36
give support and rigidity to the body while they protect vital organs and produce blood cells
skeletal system
37
protects the heart, lungs, and other vital organs.
ribcage
38
provides movement for the body
muscular system
39
body system responsible for the continuation of the human race
reproductive system
40
a stable internal environment in the body
homeostasis
41
help maintain homeostasis by detecting changes in the body and directing the body to respond appropriately.
Feedback mechanisms
42
, a group of similar cells that work together to accomplish the task of an organ
tissue
43
43
controls organs and coordinates all of their functions
nerve tissue
43
They cover and protect every organ, regulate temperature, and regulate what enters and exits the organs.
Epithelial tissues
44
connect the parts of the body. The tissues that make up bones connect and support the entire body.
connective tissues
45
fluid surrounding tissues
interstitial fluid
46
thin, flexible sheets of tissue that cover or line a part of the body.
membranes
47
consist mostly of epithelial tissues, line enclosed body cavities
serous membranes
48
made of epithelial tissues that line openings to the outside
mucous membranes
49
the nonliving material surrounding cells
matrix
50
organs that people thought had no use in the human body
vestigial [