Biology 5.6-CH 6

Question 1

nonvascular plant-­like organisms that lack chlorophyll and depend upon other organisms for food.

Answer 1

fungi

Question 2

e thread­like structures, or filaments, that form the body of a fungus

Answer 2

hyphae

Question 3

main body of a fungus

Answer 3

mycelium

Question 4

obtain their nutrition from dead organisms

Answer 4

saprophytes

Question 5

produce spores in microscopic club-­shaped structures called basidia

Answer 5

club-fungi

Question 6

consist of a mass of subterranean hyphae that spread through the soil but come together to form a main, compact mass, or mycelium, just under the surface

Answer 6

mushrooms

Question 7

often found
fruiting body
mycelium
growing on trees or rotting logs, are in this same group of club fungi. Their mycelia spread throughout the log, digesting the wood and causing decay.

Answer 7

shelf fungi

Question 8

an organism that lives on or in an­other living organism and derives its nutrition from that organism.

Answer 8

parasite

Question 9

named for the rusty-­colored spores that they leave on their hosts.

Answer 9

rusts

Question 10

parasites that must have two hosts to com­plete their life cycle

Answer 10

heteroecious parasites

Question 11

produce masses of black spores on
their hosts. attack grains such as corn, oats, wheat, rye, and barley.

Answer 11

smuts

Question 12

mold that attacks bread

Answer 12

bread mold

Question 13

allowed to grow on the cheese as it ages

Answer 13

cheese molds

Question 14

feed on important foods like potatoes and cereal grains.

Answer 14

parasitic molds

Question 15

Fungi with sac­-like spore-producing struc­tures

Answer 15

sac-fungi

Question 16

colorless, single-­celled organism that feeds on foods containing sugar

Answer 16

yeast

Question 17

grow on wet clothes and shower stalls

Answer 17

mildew

Question 18

jelly-­like organisms
often seen on the bark of fallen trees.

Answer 18

slime molds

Question 19

two different kinds of organisms living together for mutual benefit

Answer 19

symbiosis

Question 20

live together in a close relationship that combines the two organisms into a single unit called what

Answer 20

lichen

Question 21

contains the brain

Answer 21

cranial cavity

Question 22

contains the spinal cord

Answer 22

spinal cavity

Question 23

contains the heart, lungs, esophagus, windpipe, thymus, and aorta

Answer 23

thoracic cavity

Question 24

, contains the liver, stomach, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, urinary bladder, small intestine, large intestine, and the reproductive organs, or gonads.

Answer 24

abdominopelvic cavity

Question 25

a group of structures that function together as a unit to perform a definite job for the body.

Answer 25

system

Question 26

system that functions together to bring food, water, and oxygen to the cells and to carry away waste products.

Answer 26

cardiovascular system

Question 27

the body’s defense against these and other foreign invaders

Answer 27

immune system

Question 28

supplys body tissues with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide

Answer 28

respiratory system

Question 29

the thin-walled air sacs at the ends of the smallest bronchial tubes in the lungs.

Answer 29

alveoli

Question 30

makes a
path through the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities, is composed of a number of organs that make up a 6 m long tube, the alimentary canal, that leads from the mouth to the anus, the opening through which wastes are expelled

Answer 30

digestive sytem

Question 31

provides a
number of openings through which a variety of waste materials are excreted from the body

Answer 31

excretory system

Question 32

coordinates
the activities of the body

Answer 32

nervous system

Question 33

the most important organ of the nervous system

Answer 33

brain

Question 34

system that contains horomones

Answer 34

endocrine system

Question 35

protects the body from its surroundings, providing protection from bacteria and other microbes.

Answer 35

integumentary

Question 36

give support and rigidity to the body while they protect vital organs and produce blood cells

Answer 36

skeletal system

Question 37

protects the heart, lungs, and other vital organs.

Answer 37

ribcage

Question 38

provides
movement for the body

Answer 38

muscular system

Question 39

body system
responsible for the continuation of the human race

Answer 39

reproductive system

Question 40

a stable internal environment in the body

Answer 40

homeostasis

Question 41

help maintain homeostasis by detecting changes in the body and directing the body to respond appropriately.

Answer 41

Feedback mechanisms

Question 42

, a group of similar cells that work together to accomplish the task of an organ

Answer 42

tissue

Question 43

controls organs and coordinates all of their functions

Answer 43

nerve tissue

Question 43

They cover and protect every organ, regulate temperature,
and regulate what enters and exits the organs.

Answer 43

Epithelial tissues

Question 44

connect the parts of the body. The tissues that make up bones connect and support the entire body.

Answer 44

connective tissues

Question 45

fluid surrounding tissues

Answer 45

interstitial fluid

Question 46

thin, flexible sheets of
tissue that cover or line a part of the body.

Answer 46

membranes

Question 47

consist mostly of epithelial tissues, line enclosed body cavities

Answer 47

serous membranes

Question 48

made of epithelial tissues that line openings to the outside

Answer 48

mucous membranes

Question 49

the nonliving material surrounding cells

Answer 49

matrix

Question 50

organs that people thought had no use in the human body

Answer 50

vestigial [