Biology 5.6-CH 6 Flashcards
nonvascular plant-like organisms that lack chlorophyll and depend upon other organisms for food.
fungi
e threadlike structures, or filaments, that form the body of a fungus
hyphae
main body of a fungus
mycelium
obtain their nutrition from dead organisms
saprophytes
produce spores in microscopic club-shaped structures called basidia
club-fungi
consist of a mass of subterranean hyphae that spread through the soil but come together to form a main, compact mass, or mycelium, just under the surface
mushrooms
often found
fruiting body
mycelium
growing on trees or rotting logs, are in this same group of club fungi. Their mycelia spread throughout the log, digesting the wood and causing decay.
shelf fungi
an organism that lives on or in another living organism and derives its nutrition from that organism.
parasite
named for the rusty-colored spores that they leave on their hosts.
rusts
parasites that must have two hosts to complete their life cycle
heteroecious parasites
produce masses of black spores on
their hosts. attack grains such as corn, oats, wheat, rye, and barley.
smuts
mold that attacks bread
bread mold
allowed to grow on the cheese as it ages
cheese molds
feed on important foods like potatoes and cereal grains.
parasitic molds
Fungi with sac-like spore-producing structures
sac-fungi
colorless, single-celled organism that feeds on foods containing sugar
yeast
grow on wet clothes and shower stalls
mildew
jelly-like organisms
often seen on the bark of fallen trees.
slime molds
two different kinds of organisms living together for mutual benefit
symbiosis
live together in a close relationship that combines the two organisms into a single unit called what
lichen
contains the brain
cranial cavity
contains the spinal cord
spinal cavity
contains the heart, lungs, esophagus, windpipe, thymus, and aorta
thoracic cavity
, contains the liver, stomach, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, urinary bladder, small intestine, large intestine, and the reproductive organs, or gonads.
abdominopelvic cavity
a group of structures that function together as a unit to perform a definite job for the body.
system
system that functions together to bring food, water, and oxygen to the cells and to carry away waste products.
cardiovascular system
the body’s defense against these and other foreign invaders
immune system
supplys body tissues with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide
respiratory system
the thin-walled air sacs at the ends of the smallest bronchial tubes in the lungs.
alveoli
makes a
path through the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities, is composed of a number of organs that make up a 6 m long tube, the alimentary canal, that leads from the mouth to the anus, the opening through which wastes are expelled
digestive sytem
provides a
number of openings through which a variety of waste materials are excreted from the body
excretory system
coordinates
the activities of the body
nervous system
the most important organ of the nervous system
brain
system that contains horomones
endocrine system
protects the body from its surroundings, providing protection from bacteria and other microbes.
integumentary
give support and rigidity to the body while they protect vital organs and produce blood cells
skeletal system
protects the heart, lungs, and other vital organs.
ribcage
provides
movement for the body
muscular system
body system
responsible for the continuation of the human race
reproductive system
a stable internal environment in the body
homeostasis
help maintain homeostasis by detecting changes in the body and directing the body to respond appropriately.
Feedback mechanisms
, a group of similar cells that work together to accomplish the task of an organ
tissue
controls organs and coordinates all of their functions
nerve tissue
They cover and protect every organ, regulate temperature,
and regulate what enters and exits the organs.
Epithelial tissues
connect the parts of the body. The tissues that make up bones connect and support the entire body.
connective tissues
fluid surrounding tissues
interstitial fluid
thin, flexible sheets of
tissue that cover or line a part of the body.
membranes
consist mostly of epithelial tissues, line enclosed body cavities
serous membranes
made of epithelial tissues that line openings to the outside
mucous membranes
the nonliving material surrounding cells
matrix
organs that people thought had no use in the human body
vestigial [
