Week 11 lecture 20 biowarfare

Question 1

In the history of bio warfare, what happened in the 1300s?

Answer 1

Siege of kaffa where mongols threw ppl with plague over wall

Question 2

What was a regulation attempt to stop bio and chemical warfare?

Answer 2

the 1925 Geneva protocol

Question 3

The geneva protocol still is upheld T/F?

Answer 3

FAlse; tjhere was not a way in place to keep it in check

Question 4

The issue wityh the Dachau facility was?

Answer 4

bioweapons testsed against innocent ppl uring WWII

Question 5

The issue with the Dachau facility and Gruinard island was?

Answer 5

bioweapons tested against innocent ppl during WWII

Question 6

What type of bioweapon was used in Gruinard island?

Answer 6

Anthrax warfare

Question 7

What did the bioweapons program from Japan do during WWII?

Answer 7

Contaminated Chinese cities’ water and food supply

Question 8

Why is Fort Detrick , MD special?

Answer 8

That is where the biowarfare program was initiated in the USA. There were large scale anthrax weapons + defensive research

Question 9

The anthrax outbreak in the USSR was in which lab?

Answer 9

tularemia lab

Question 10

What was the frst and largest USA bioterror attack?

Answer 10

Rajneeshee Cult in the USA

Question 11

The Rajneeshee cult spread what where in the US?

Answer 11

salmonella in Portland, OR, USA

Question 12

What are the levels of the War on Terror in the USA? What is the highest risk?

Answer 12

A B and C; A

Question 13

___ Prohibits the development, production, acquisition, transfer,
stockpiling and use of biological / toxin weapons & WMDs
* Signed by nearly all countries (183)
* Review conferences held every 5 years
* Again, no clear mechanisms to enforce the treaty exist.

Answer 13

United Nations (UN) Biological & Toxin Weapons Convention

Question 14

Steps to mass produce bioweapons

Answer 14

Procure the agent, have skill for storage/handling, develop transmission (experts and money basically)

Question 15

What is the best (worst for people’s survival) way to spread a bioweapon?

Answer 15

Aerosol transmission

Question 16

Smallpox
Anthrax
Plague
Botulism
Tularemia
Viral hemorrhagic fevers (Ebola)
are which categories and whY>

Answer 16

A; not easy treatment/vaccination

Question 17

Weaknesses of smallpox as a weapon are?

Answer 17

only in 2 locations in world, easy diagnosis, available vaccine

Question 18

The most likely bioweapon to be used is? Why?

Answer 18

anthrax; easily found in nature and causes severe disease

Question 19

Weaknesses of anthrax as a weapon are?

Answer 19

Susceptible to major antibiotics
Antitoxin available (stockpiled)
Vaccine effective

Question 20

among the types of anthrax which is most deadly? Why?

Answer 20

Inhalational, leads to septicemia and respiratory failure

Question 21

Anthrax is not able to spread from person to person T/F?

Answer 21

TRUE

Question 22

Weaknesses of plague as a weapon are?

Answer 22

treated with antibiotics and doesnot survive for long

Question 23

The most potent category A bioweapon toxin by weight

Answer 23

Botulinum Neurotoxin (BoNT)

Question 24

Weaknesses ofbotulism as a weapon are?

Answer 24

There is an antitoxin treatment available and stocked, and vaccine is not approved but is developed

Question 25

Tularemia is also called ___ because that isthe reservoir

Answer 25

rabbit fever

Question 26

How is tularermia spread?

Answer 26

inhalation of contaminated dusts or aerosols (NOT direct person to person)

Question 27

Tularemia Disease causes what complications?

Answer 27

respiratory, pneumonic and systemic infection * 7% mortality in untreated cases

Question 28

Positives of ebola as a bioweapon are?

Answer 28

it is easy to spread person to person and has high mortality with no cure

Question 29

Weaknesses of ebola as a weapon are?

Answer 29

Ebola is unstable and hard to grow lots of. Plus a vaccine does exist for it

Question 30

Transmission from Inhaled barnyard dust Dirt with feces, urine, placenta, milk Resistant to drying and very stable Can be carried long distanced by wind what am i describing an d wat category bioweapon is this?

Answer 30

Q fwever; B category

Question 31

Weaknesses of Q fever as a bioweapon are?

Answer 31

low mortality/virulence and treatable and vaccine available

Question 32

Weaknesses of Ricin toxin as a bioweapon are?

Answer 32

Can't spread person to person

Question 33

What type of categoy of disease is foot and mouth disease?

Answer 33

Category C and livestock bioterrorism

Question 34

What type of category of disease is foot and mouth disease?

Answer 34

Category C and livestock bioterrorism that would cause food sthortage and economic prioblems

Question 35

What type of category of disease is foot and mouth disease?

Answer 35

Category C and livestock bioterrorism that would cause food shortage and economic problems

Question 36

Highly toxic toxin extracted from the castor bean Grown at home, difficult to limit/regulate * Can be in form of powder, mist, pellet, dissolved in water, etc * Transmission by injection, oral ingestion, inhalation Similar symptoms as anthrax except no antidote * Fever, nausea, organ failure, pneumonia, shock * Supportive care only Has been used/attempted as a weapon MANY times What am I describing and what category is it?

Answer 36

Ricin - Category B