lecture 4 COVID Flashcards
the final step in making a new drug is __
FDA APPROVAL
permission to use drug when no other option available
EUA emergencyuse authorization
how many phases of clinical trials?
3
what is PCR used to find?
the RNA genome
PCR is a type of ___ test
nucleic acid test
how long does an antobody test show up as positive?
2 weeks
you need blood for an antibody test, T/F?
TRUE
the antibody test detects what 2 things
detects the antibodies you have to a virus and your body’s response
what equipment does an antigen test use?
nasal swab
how does an antigen test relate to a pregnancy test?
lateral flow
antigen tests still have the virus inside when they are + T/F?
TRUE
why did the first CDC covid test in 2020 fail?
because of faulty reagents
in april 2020, which test did the CDC approve?
the Ab test
sick people correctly identified as sick are __.
true positive
healthy people incorrectly identified as sick are __.
false positive
sick people incorrectly identified as NOT sick are__.
false negative
How SENSITIVE ARE AG TESTS
65% SENSITIVE
HOW SPECIFIC ARE AG TESTS?
99.9% SPECIFIC
true + and false - are examples of __.
sensitivity
true - and false + are examples of ___.
specificity
taking a test too early, handling/shipping issues, viral load variation, lungs vs nose, and cross reacting to other viruses would cause a ___ ____.
false negative
who does hCoV mostly afffect populationwise?
children
How does Ab protecc against COVID?
circulating antibodies recognize seasonal hCoV and neutralize
Which one is more sensitive? Ag or PCR?
PCR (80% vs 40%)
hydroxycholoroquine is not a COVID treatment. it is a __ and __ treatment
malaria and lupus
drugs eliminate the need for vaccines T/F?
FALSE
how effective does a flu vax need to be to get approved?
50%
how are mRNA vaccines placed?
mRNA gets injected into the muscle
how far apart are the 2 pfizer doses?
3wk
how effective is pfizer vax?
91%