Lecture 28 Animal Die offs Flashcards
What was the recent outbreak that killed humans and animals on vancouver island? what was it associated with?
cryptococcus; trees
Cryptococcus gattii- which serotype is the outbreak recently? What did it colonize in human organs?
Serotype B; lungs and brain
Cryptococcus gattii currently is affecting which area of the USA?
the I5 corridor (east coast)
What animals does Rinderpest affect?
cloven animals such as cows and deers
Rinderpest causes what symptoms in animals? Is it viral or bacterial?
explosive diarrhea and death in 2-3 days, viral
Where is Rinderpest in the world?
Kenya
White nose bat mortality is __%. Where is this occuring?
95%; NE USA and Canada
Which bat species is going extinct because of WNB syndrome?
Little brown myotis; others are endangered
Symptoms of WNB syndrome in bats are”
Waking up too fast from hibernation, starving, damaging/scarring wings, death
WNB syndrome spreads how? What is the fungus used?
from bat to bat (direct contact); Geomyces destructans
How can humans get contaminated with WNB fungus?
Clothing and gear when exploring caves
Consequences of WNB on the environment are?
2.4 bugs uneaten, crop damages
There is no treatment or prevention for bats with WNB T/F?
TRUE
Chytrids is associated with __. First found in __
amphibians; AUS
What is the mortality rate for chytrids? Who is likely to be afected more?
100%; more adult frogs
The cause of chytrids is __ found iin ___
batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (bd) fungus; below 82 C water
Symptoms of chytrids are”
Red thick skin, ulcers, convulsions, weird posture, lethargy
How would amphibians die from chytrids?
Loss of electrolyte regulation->cardiac arrest-> death
How is chytrids spread?
global warming; inter’l trade of amphibians (i.e. for science, pets)
HUman antifungals are able to treat chytrids in small doses, T/F?
FALSE- no effective therapy although some species are naturally resistant to the disease
What are symptoms of colony collapse disorder?
Affect youngr worker bees, bees unhatched, reduced workforce
Colony collapse disorder is affected by which things?
Virus, fungi, mite, flies, pesticides, parasties, environmental issues
What time of year is colony collapse disease occurinh?
spring. lessens by fall
How to prevent colony collapse disorder?
vaccine mixed into queen’s food for immunity in baby larva
