lec 12- malaria Flashcards
about __ people are are at risk for malaria today
3 Billion- half the world population
the highest burden of malaria deaths are in
sub saharan africa
malaria is the number one killer of which types of people?
Number one killer of children under 2 years of age (80% all malaria deaths are kids)
One of top killer infectious diseases along with TB and HIV caused by a SIGNLE infectious agent is __
malaria
malaria is what type of protozoan pathogen (tropical parasitic group)?
malaria is an apicomplexan
the drug target for malaria is __
the apicoplast. malaria can’t survive without it
This structure’s function is to facilitate penetration of host cells. cluster of microtubules and organelles
located in the apex of cells
apical complex
malaria is caused by two types of bacterium
Plasmodium falciparum (97%)
Plasmodium vivax (3%)
the ___definitive host transmits malaria to the intermediate, humans
anopheles mosquito
two stages of infection of malaria in humans are?
liver infection and blood infection
most prevalent malaria parasite on the
African continent (99% of cases). Responsible for most malaria-related
deaths globally.
- Plasmodium falciparum
dominant malaria parasite in the Americas (75%)
p. vivax
Anopheles mosquito is Plasmodium definitive host. where does the plasmodium (asexual/sexual) cycle happen in the host?
sexual- mosquito gut
erythrocytic schizonts rupture to release parasite and toxins, giving peole which symptoms?
fever, chills, anemia
Once Plasmodium make their way to the liver, they seek this thing out, dividing and maturing into
hepatic cell- hepatic schizont
why do schizonts burst in malaria?
the parasite takes over our hepatic cells and steals their oxygen
the easiest method of confirming malaria is?
blood test/smear
who is especially susceptible to malaria besides children?
Pregnant women are especially susceptible to malaria
suppresive therapy for pregnant women for malaria is?
prenatal care and getting 3 vaccine doses 1 month apart
every __ minutes, childhood malarial death occurs
2 :(
Parasites attach to the __ (not present in non-pregnant women), causing
* Maternal severe anemia
* Maternal death
* Low birthweight, premature delivery
* Miscarriage
placenta
Parasites attach to the placenta (not present in non-pregnant women), causing which symptoms?
- Maternal severe anemia
- Maternal death
- Low birthweight, premature delivery
- Miscarriage
with No immunity,
* Rapid progression of malaria in children can become fatal in __ malaria and __ malaria.
cerebral and severe
severe malaria causes destruction of _ and __ growth.
RBCs and stunted