unit 2 begins- lecture 10 vector borne viral and bacterial disease Flashcards by M Batool

vectors cause disease T/F?

FALSE they just spread it

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vectors are typically __

insects

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vectors are typically not susceptible to the pathogen T/F?

TRUE

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why have vector borne diseases tripled in the US?

because of higher diagnosis, climate change, interacting with nature

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name a common vector borne US disease and its vector

Lyme; ticks

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aegypti mosquitos cluster where?

around the equator

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most of us in missouri are affected with which mosquito?

a. albopictus mosquito

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vector borne viruses are called __- they are caused by

arboviruses; arthropods (insects and spiders)

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most arboviuses are ___type of virus

flavorviruses

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describe flavoviruses

enveloped, single stranded RNA

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describe west nile virus

enveloped posiitive single stranded RNA

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what is the primary host and reservoir of west nile?

birds

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indicental hosts (dead-end carriers) of west nile are?

horses and humans

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the first US case of west nile was where?

new york

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the first case of west nile was in?

west nile district, uganda

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now west nile is common where?

africa, west asiia, europe, middle east

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likely symptoms of west nile?

most have none

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west nile fecer symptoms

fever rash swole lymph nodes 3-14 days after infection

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severe west nile disease

virus enters spinal cord or brain, brain damage from meningitis or encephalitis

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risk factors for west nile are?

an outdoor lifestyle, over 50yrs or weak immune system, lab workers

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treatment for west nile virus disease?

none specific

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there is a west nile fever disease vaccine T/F?

FALSE, only for horses

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Public Health Measures
Against WNV

DEET - Insect repellent
Dress - Covering up - long
sleeves
Dusk and Dawn
Drain - Source reduction -
standing water

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how many dengue virus serotypes exist?

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describe Dengue virus

Flavivirus (+) ss RNA

vector of dengue is?

aedes mosquito (female)

who is the host of dengue?

humans. no other host.

mixing serotypes of dengue can cause>

hemmorhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome

how long is the dengue incubation period?

4-7 days after infection

who would have a milder illness of dengue, kids or adults?

kids and people with a previous dengue infection

severe dengue if untreated has __ % mortality

20%

TREATMENT OF DENGUE:

Treat with fluids, supportive care, no antivirals

what are some dengue vaccine issues>

Problem with non-protective antibodies and increased DHF risk

Children 4 to 11 with previous exposure can get this dengue vaccine. What is the issue tho?

denvaxia; can cause a higher risk of serious illness in children

endemic dengue inthe phillipines. kids were vaccinatged without previous exposure, which caused what issue?

Increases chance of antibody enhancement

where is dengue in the mainland US?

Florida keys Texas/Mexico border

most cases of dengue in hawa'ii are from which vector?

a.aegypti mosquito

how can we control dengue fever/??

control the vecotor! four D's: DEET Drain Dress Dusk and Dawn

dengue with a rash becomes ___ virus

Zika

zika symptoms

uspected cases, with Guillain-Barre syndrome, temporary paralysis, rare death, two microcephaly

How could zika virus be spread?

Mosquito bites From a pregnant woman to her fetus Sex with an infected person Laboratory exposure Blood transfusion.

common zika symptoms

The most common symptoms are: none or Fever Rash Joint pain Conjunctivitis (red eyes)

How can Zika affect pregnancies?

microcephaly and other severe brain defects. Linked to miscarriage, stillbirth, and birth defects

Sexual Transmission and Zika because where is the virus stable?

Virus stable in semen

how can we prevent zika virus?

control vector with 4 D's DEET Dusk and dawn avoidal avoid standing water (drain) Dress (cover up_

tell me about vaccines and treatments for ZIka.

there are none:(

the vector for yellow fever is?

aedes mosquito

describe the yellow fever virus genome:

Flavivirus (+) ss RNA

hosts of yellow fever are?

humans and monkeys

transmission of yellow fever goes how?

Transmission: via vector – monkey to human, human to human,

iincubation period of Yellow fever

3-6 day incubation period

phases of yellow fever

Acute phase and toxic phase

acute yellow fever symoptoms

Acute phase: mild case fever, headache, malaise patient recovers in 3-4 days

toxic phase of yellw fever symptoms

Toxic phase: Severe cases (~15% of infection) “Yellow”- jaundice abdominal pain with vomiting severe hemorrhages 50% mortality in 10-14 days

how can we keep yellow fever under wraps (prevent it)?

PREVENTION: effective vaccine for 50 years BUT lack a vaccine program to distribute it

lyme disease is an important viral disease T/F?

FALSE it is a bacterial disease

lyme disease is Caused by which bacter/ia/virus?

Caused by bacteria / spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi Extracellular

the host of lyme disease is?

Hosts: rodents, humans, etc (recently birds)

how is lyme disease transmitted?

Transmitted by blacklegged deer-tick Ixodes scapularis

typical symptoms of lyme disease are>

arthritic, joint pain, facial drooping, erythra migrans red rash

lyme disease occurs when in the year?

SUMMER WHEN PPL ARE OOT AND A BOOT.:)

how to treat lyme disease?

antibiotics

in chronic lyme, what symptoms show uP?

Arthritis bouts Joint swelling Neurological complaints (shooting pains,numbness, tingling of the hands and feet, short term memory)

cape cod new england had which problems?

babesiosis and anaplasmosis

RMSP (rocky mountain spotted fever) reservoirs and vectors are?

reservoirs and vectors American dog tick Rocky mountain wood tick

describe RMSF. bacteria/virus, gram neg/pos, intra/extracell

Rickettsia rickettsii gram negative intracellular

inc period for RMSF is

5 to 10 days

An effective treatment for RMSF is__.

effective treatment (tetracycline) if treated early

Chikungunya vector is?

aedes mosquito

Viral fever, muscle pain, rash “that which bends up” arthritic symptoms, rarely fatal how many days afer chikungunya infection?

2-12d

A new virus in missouri is called___

heart <3 land virus

chikungunya is caused by which vector?

lonestar tick

chikungunya reservoirs are?

deer, racoons, coyotes , moose

chikungunya is a DNA or RNA virus?

RNA

in kansas, a new virus called BOURBON is caused by: what type of virus is it?

tick bites; thogotovirus RNA virus

the reservoir for rift valley fever is?

bats

rit valley fever is able to progress into ___

hemorrhagic gever and brain infection or death