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global health > unit 2 begins- lecture 10 vector borne viral and bacterial disease > Flashcards

unit 2 begins- lecture 10 vector borne viral and bacterial disease Flashcards

1
Q

vectors cause disease T/F?

A

FALSE they just spread it

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2
Q

vectors are typically __

A

insects

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3
Q

vectors are typically not susceptible to the pathogen T/F?

A

TRUE

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4
Q

why have vector borne diseases tripled in the US?

A

because of higher diagnosis, climate change, interacting with nature

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5
Q

name a common vector borne US disease and its vector

A

Lyme; ticks

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6
Q

aegypti mosquitos cluster where?

A

around the equator

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7
Q

most of us in missouri are affected with which mosquito?

A

a. albopictus mosquito

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8
Q

vector borne viruses are called __- they are caused by

A

arboviruses; arthropods (insects and spiders)

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9
Q

most arboviuses are ___type of virus

A

flavorviruses

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10
Q

describe flavoviruses

A

enveloped, single stranded RNA

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11
Q

describe west nile virus

A

enveloped posiitive single stranded RNA

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12
Q

what is the primary host and reservoir of west nile?

A

birds

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13
Q

indicental hosts (dead-end carriers) of west nile are?

A

horses and humans

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14
Q

the first US case of west nile was where?

A

new york

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15
Q

the first case of west nile was in?

A

west nile district, uganda

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16
Q

now west nile is common where?

A

africa, west asiia, europe, middle east

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17
Q

likely symptoms of west nile?

A

most have none

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18
Q

west nile fecer symptoms

A

fever rash swole lymph nodes 3-14 days after infection

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19
Q

severe west nile disease

A

virus enters spinal cord or brain, brain damage from meningitis or encephalitis

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20
Q

risk factors for west nile are?

A

an outdoor lifestyle, over 50yrs or weak immune system, lab workers

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21
Q

treatment for west nile virus disease?

A

none specific

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22
Q

there is a west nile fever disease vaccine T/F?

A

FALSE, only for horses

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23
Q

Public Health Measures
Against WNV

A

DEET - Insect repellent
Dress - Covering up - long
sleeves
Dusk and Dawn
Drain - Source reduction -
standing water

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24
Q

how many dengue virus serotypes exist?

A

4

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25
Q

describe Dengue virus

A

Flavivirus
(+) ss RNA

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26
Q

vector of dengue is?

A

aedes mosquito (female)

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27
Q

who is the host of dengue?

A

humans. no other host.

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28
Q

mixing serotypes of dengue can cause>

A

hemmorhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome

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29
Q

how long is the dengue incubation period?

A

4-7 days after infection

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30
Q

who would have a milder illness of dengue, kids or adults?

A

kids and people with a previous dengue infection

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31
Q

severe dengue if untreated has __ % mortality

A

20%

32
Q

TREATMENT OF DENGUE:

A

Treat with fluids, supportive
care, no antivirals

33
Q

what are some dengue vaccine issues>

A

Problem with non-protective antibodies
and increased DHF risk

34
Q

Children 4 to 11 with previous exposure can get this dengue vaccine. What is the issue tho?

A

denvaxia; can cause a higher risk of serious illness in children

35
Q

endemic dengue inthe phillipines. kids were vaccinatged without previous exposure, which caused what issue?

A

Increases chance of antibody
enhancement

36
Q

where is dengue in the mainland US?

A

Florida keys
Texas/Mexico border

37
Q

most cases of dengue in hawa’ii are from which vector?

A

a.aegypti mosquito

38
Q

how can we control dengue fever/??

A

control the vecotor! four D’s: DEET
Drain
Dress
Dusk and Dawn

39
Q

dengue with a rash becomes ___ virus

A

Zika

40
Q

zika symptoms

A

uspected cases, with Guillain-Barre
syndrome, temporary paralysis, rare death, two
microcephaly

41
Q

How could zika virus be spread?

A

Mosquito bites
From a pregnant woman to
her fetus
Sex with an infected person
Laboratory exposure
Blood transfusion.

42
Q

common zika symptoms

A

The most common symptoms are:
none or
Fever
Rash
Joint pain
Conjunctivitis (red eyes)

43
Q

How can Zika affect pregnancies?

A

microcephaly and other
severe brain defects.
Linked to miscarriage, stillbirth, and
birth defects

44
Q

Sexual Transmission and
Zika because where is the virus stable?

A

Virus stable in semen

45
Q

how can we prevent zika virus?

A

control vector with 4 D’s
DEET
Dusk and dawn avoidal
avoid standing water (drain)
Dress (cover up_

46
Q

tell me about vaccines and treatments for ZIka.

A

there are none:(

47
Q

the vector for yellow fever is?

A

aedes mosquito

48
Q

describe the yellow fever virus genome:

A

Flavivirus
(+) ss RNA

49
Q

hosts of yellow fever are?

A

humans and monkeys

50
Q

transmission of yellow fever goes how?

A

Transmission:
via vector –
monkey to human, human to human,

51
Q

iincubation period of Yellow fever

A

3-6 day incubation period

52
Q

phases of yellow fever

A

Acute phase and toxic phase

53
Q

acute yellow fever symoptoms

A

Acute phase: mild case
fever, headache, malaise
patient recovers in 3-4 days

54
Q

toxic phase of yellw fever symptoms

A

Toxic phase: Severe cases (~15% of infection)
“Yellow”- jaundice
abdominal pain with vomiting
severe hemorrhages
50% mortality in 10-14 days

55
Q

how can we keep yellow fever under wraps (prevent it)?

A

PREVENTION:
effective vaccine for 50 years
BUT lack a vaccine program to
distribute it

56
Q

lyme disease is an important viral disease T/F?

A

FALSE it is a bacterial disease

57
Q

lyme disease is Caused by which bacter/ia/virus?

A

Caused by bacteria / spirochete
Borrelia burgdorferi
Extracellular

58
Q

the host of lyme disease is?

A

Hosts: rodents, humans, etc
(recently birds)

59
Q

how is lyme disease transmitted?

A

Transmitted by blacklegged deer-tick
Ixodes scapularis

60
Q

typical symptoms of lyme disease are>

A

arthritic, joint pain, facial drooping, erythra migrans red rash

61
Q

lyme disease occurs when in the year?

A

SUMMER WHEN PPL ARE OOT AND A BOOT.:)

62
Q

how to treat lyme disease?

A

antibiotics

63
Q

in chronic lyme, what symptoms show uP?

A

Arthritis bouts
Joint swelling
Neurological complaints (shooting pains,numbness, tingling of the hands
and feet, short term memory)

64
Q

cape cod new england had which problems?

A

babesiosis and anaplasmosis

65
Q

RMSP (rocky mountain spotted fever) reservoirs and vectors are?

A

reservoirs and vectors
American dog tick
Rocky mountain wood tick

66
Q

describe RMSF. bacteria/virus, gram neg/pos, intra/extracell

A

Rickettsia rickettsii
gram negative
intracellular

67
Q

inc period for RMSF is

A

5 to 10 days

68
Q

An effective treatment
for RMSF is__.

A

effective treatment
(tetracycline)
if treated early

69
Q

Chikungunya vector is?

A

aedes mosquito

70
Q

Viral fever, muscle pain, rash
“that which bends up”
arthritic symptoms, rarely fatal how many days afer chikungunya infection?

A

2-12d

71
Q

A new virus in missouri is called___

A

heart <3 land virus

72
Q

chikungunya is caused by which vector?

A

lonestar tick

73
Q

chikungunya reservoirs are?

A

deer, racoons, coyotes , moose

74
Q

chikungunya is a DNA or RNA virus?

A

RNA

75
Q

in kansas, a new virus called BOURBON is caused by: what type of virus is it?

A

tick bites; thogotovirus RNA virus

76
Q

the reservoir for rift valley fever is?

A

bats

77
Q

rit valley fever is able to progress into ___

A

hemorrhagic gever and brain infection or death

global health (29 decks)

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