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global health > lecture 5 black death / plague > Flashcards

lecture 5 black death / plague Flashcards

1
Q

living creature transmits infectious agent between humans or from other anmials to hmans

A

vector

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2
Q

giv example of a vector

A

fly mosquito

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3
Q

place where infect. agent lives and grows long term. agent causes non lethal infection

A

reservoir

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4
Q

examples of reservoir

A

environment-soil, water, animals- pigs, bats, humans

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5
Q

reserviour is classfied as being__

A

asymptomatic

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6
Q

plague is caused by bacteria/virus called __.

A

bacteria; yersenia pestis

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7
Q

morphology of y.pestis

A

gram neg bacilli (rod)

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8
Q

what is the vector for plague?

A

the flea

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9
Q

how can plague be transmitted?

A

flea bites, direct bacterial contact via blood, aerosol drops

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10
Q

3 modern plague forms

A

bubonic plague, septisemic plague, pneumonic plague

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11
Q

most common plague form

A

bubonic plague

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12
Q

bubonic inc period is?

A

2-8day

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13
Q

y.pestis survives inside which cells for bubonic plague?

A

inside WBCs

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14
Q

where do buboes form?

A

armpit, neck, groin

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15
Q

what happens to buboes?

A

burst and smell bad

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16
Q

suymtoms of bubunic plague

A

fever 105degree, headache, weakness, groin ache

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17
Q

how do buboes form?

A

influx of WBCs into lymph nodes

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18
Q

bubonic plague can become?

A

advanced bubonic plague

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19
Q

what are the symptoms of advanced bubonic plague early on?

A

necrosis and black skin, neurological disorder, hallucination

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20
Q

8-10 days into advanced bubo plague causes what?

A

organs to fail, internal hemmorhaging, septicemia

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21
Q

-% mort rate for advanced bubo plague

A

50-70%

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22
Q

which bubo plague type is 100% fatal? and when does death occur?

A

septisemia; 24-26 hr

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23
Q

plague septicemia is caused by what?

A

direct blood contact (hunting, handling person or animal etc)

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24
Q

rarest plague form

A

pneumonic

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25
Q

how is penumonic plague spread?

A

person to person from aerosil

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26
Q

__% mortality rate of pneumonic lague?

A

100%

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27
Q

penumoinic plague symptoms are”

A

bloody sputm, penumonia, cough, chest pain

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28
Q

reservoir of justinian plague

A

rats

29
Q

where did justinian plague happen?

A

byzantine roman empire

30
Q

how did the justinian plague happen?

A

infected rats carried y petis in grain on ships and carts

31
Q

effect of justinian plague

A

labor and military shortage, fall of roman empire

32
Q

how long did justinian plague last

A

waves for hundreds of years

33
Q

effect of black death

A

50% pop loss in europe

34
Q

black death was which plague type?

A

bubonic plague

35
Q

black death happend in which year?

A

1346

36
Q

black death was caused by?

A

poor heigine, famine, warfare, coliving with animals, better ships=more trade

37
Q

black eath began where where was it endemic?

A

china; mongolia

38
Q

black death was endemic in __

A

mongolian marmots

39
Q

what was the role of mongol trade routes in the spread of black death?

A

rodent infested goods and furs spread it across asia

40
Q

when plague reached mongol armies, how did they commit bio warfare?

A

they threw affected bodies into Kaffa

41
Q

after the black death, what was the paradigm shift?

A

importance given to techonology and science

42
Q

Why did chinese expansion cause spread of modern plague?

A

troops did not know local prevention customs

43
Q

how was modern plague spread to the US? wghat years?

A

rat infested ships from asia; 1900s

44
Q

Where ismodern plague established?

A

western United States Canada and Mexico

45
Q

most of the modern day plague is in which form? how spread?

A

bubonic; rodent

46
Q
  • Worldwide, between __ and ___cases of plague each year are
    reported to the World Health Organization (WHO)
A

1000 to 2000

47
Q

how is modern plague treated>

A

10-14 days of antibiotics

48
Q

Plague diagnosis includes

A

buboes in axilla groin and cervical nodes; travel to wild wild west

49
Q

a stain of plague shows what?

A

a closed safety pin appearance

50
Q

to prevent plague, you should spray down instead of brooming dust, T/F?

A

TRUE

51
Q

poor rural areas of which area has endemic plague?

A

madagascaar and DRC

52
Q

how many cases of plague were in DRC in 2022?

A

600

53
Q

__ is a category A bioterrorism pathogen

A

y pestis

54
Q

the 2 major Salmonella species:

A

bongori and enterica

55
Q

what does the salmonella bacteria look like?

A

it is gram negative rod (bacilli) with flagella

56
Q

food poisoning and GI upset it in whichsalmonella disease?

A

salmoneella NONtyphi

57
Q

nontyphi salmonella reservoirs are?

A

animal , foodborne (eggs poulty water)

58
Q

how is salmonella typhi transmitted (what matter)

A

fecal oral transmissoin bc contaminated wter

59
Q

salmonella typhi can thrve because it__

A

survives in WBCs

60
Q

what ist he host for s. typhi?

A

humans ONLY

61
Q

why was typhoid mary suspected?

A

after record typhoid outbreaks she left sopon after

62
Q

how was typhoid may caught?

A

s. typhi foundin stool sample

63
Q

when was typhoid mary released after quarentine 1?

A

3 years oon north brother islanf

64
Q

most typhoid break outs are due to__

A

travel

65
Q

how effective are typhoid vax and who are they rec for?

A

50-80%; travelers

66
Q

typhoid fever symptoms are?

A

constipation, headace, fever, and later a rash

67
Q

mort rates for tyhpohoid fever are?

A

12 to 30%

68
Q

how long are symptoms of tyohoid fever delayed?

A

1-2 wk

global health (29 decks)

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