Vitamins & Minerals (associated concepts) Flashcards
dumping syndrome
DUE TO INADEQUATE NUTRITION
undigested contents of your stomach move too rapidly into your small bowel
s/s: abdominal cramps, nausea and diarrhea
megadose
- high dose
- advertised for specific health conditions
- can be toxic
vitamins that are more likely to be toxic:
fat-soluble
rickets
- softening and weakening of bones in children
- usually due to extreme/prolonged vitamin D deficiency
antioxidant
man-made or natural substances that may prevent or delay some types of cell damage
found in many foods, including fruits and vegetables
available as dietary supplements
Wernicke’s encephalopathy
- lack of vitamin B1!
- damage to thalamus, hypothalamus
- associated with alcohol abuse
- progresses to Korsakoff’s sydrome
Korsakoff’s syndrome
- lack of vitamin B1!
- permanent damage to areas of the brain involved with memory
- associated with alcohol abuse
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
- “wet brain”; significant CNS disorder: combo Wernicke & Korsakoff
- untreated = irreversible brain damage
s/s: confusion, nystagmus, diplopia, ataxia, loss of recent memory
GIVE THIAMINE (B1)
nystagmus
fast, uncontrollable movements of the eyes
diplopia
double vision
Beriberi
Vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency
- wet: affects CVS
- dry: Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
cheilosis
abnormal condition of the lips characterized by scaling of the surface and by the formation of fissures in the corners of the mouth
RIBOFLAVIN (B2) DEFICIENCY
pellagra
niacin (B3) deficiency, dermatologic condition
scurvy
severe lack of Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
macromineral (not important for test)
electrolytes with important roles in body, needed in large amounts
