Anxiety and Depression Shit Flashcards
“emotional brain”
limbic system: appraisal, response, reversal of arousal
GABA dysfunction in anxiety
GABA calms.
GABA release from post-synaptic sites = anxiety
5HT dysfunction in anxiety
5HT tends to be excitatory (can be either).
increased 5HT, decreased 5HT1
low levels = serotonin reuptake inhibitors to allow more serotonin to be available
NE dysfunction in anxiety
malfunctioning system = decreased arousal
increased HR, O2 use, midbrain activity = NE release
increased NE = excitatory = anxiety
panic disorder is
recurrent, unexpected panic attacks
at least 1 of the attacks is followed by:
– persistent worry about more attacks
– worry about implications/consequences
less of a stressor triggers NE
50% before age 24, 2x women
comorbidity with depression, substance abuse
30% develop agoraphobia
1 medication for panic attacks & why
tricyclic antidepressants, because of effect on NE
(or SSRI ok too)
beta blockers not helpful for panic attacks
1 non-pharm treatment for panic attacks
SAFETY. CBT.
specific phobia is
x2 women, high proportion of men seek help
typically young when manifested, rarely > 25
comorbid with depression (25%), substance abuse
phobia receptor
primarily GABA
social anxiety disorder (social phobia)
is a specific phobia
beta blockers help
phobia pharm
benzos, beta blockers, SSRIs
ocd categories
obsessive compulsive disorder
body dysmorphic disorder (somatic symptom disorder)
hoarding
hair pulling, skin picking , etc
NOT same as obsessive compulsive PERSONALITY disorder
ocd is
difficulty planning because of poor thought filter; compulsions used to deal with anxiety
obsessions: thoughts, compulsions: behavior
primarily 5HT, basal ganglia, cingulum (limbic), smaller caudate size
ocd non-pharm treatment
behavioral therapy
ocd pharm treatment
luvox (fluvoxamine) + other SSRIs
TCAs
