Virus Pathogenesis Flashcards
What is an example of cell destruction following a viral infection?
Death of T4+ cells by HIV.
What is an example of virus induced changes to cellular gene expression?
Cellular transformation by tumour viruses.
What are 2 examples of immunopathogenic diseases?
Influenza A
Coxsackievirus
Name 7 sites of viral entry?
Conjunctiva Arthropod Capillary Skin Respiratory Tract Alimentary Tract Urinogenital tract
What are the 2 types of disease?
Overt disease
Unapparent
What type of infection is influenza A?
Respiratory
What two types of infection are enterovirus?
Enteric and neurological.
Where are acute virus infections located?
Specific site of the body.
What is the process of the influenza A virus infection?
Virus infects cells of respiratory tract
Destruction of respiratory epithelium
Altered cytokine expression leading to fever
Define antigenic drift.
Gradual evolution of viruses to generate antigenic variants.
Define antigenic shift.
Significant changes in virus antigenic structure.
What is novel influenza virus?
Non human hosts for influenza A viruses play a role in generating new virus types e.g swine flu.
Name 5 enterovirus infections.
Poliomyelitis Aseptic meningitis Myocarditis Pancreatitis Respiratory infections
Name an example of latent virus infections.
Herpes simplex
What is type 1 and type 2 herpes?
Type 1 - cold sores
Type 2 - genital lesions
What is the process of herpes virus?
Primary infection of epithelial cells Virus migration to ganglia Virus latency Stimuli reactivates virus Virus migrates to epithelial cells leading to replication
What are 2 examples of virus-induced tumours?
Papillomaviruses
Retroviruses
What is the process of human t-lymphotropic virus?
Transmission by blood or mother to child
Infects T cells
modifies host cell gene expression using a transactivating protein
Directly responsible for tumour.
What is the process of retrovirus induced tumours?
Virus infects cell
Viruses nucleic acid integrates into genome
Virus causes changes in cellular gene expression
Uncontrolled cell multiplication
