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Principles of Disease > Imaging in Inflammatory Disorders and Infection > Flashcards

Imaging in Inflammatory Disorders and Infection Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 types of molecular imaging?

A

Radionuclide
Positron Emission tomography
Magnetic Resonance
Optical

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2
Q

Why do gamma rays occur?

A

Due to radioactive decay or unstable isotopes.

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3
Q

What are radiopharmaceuticals made of?

A

Radioactive element

Pharmaceutical element

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4
Q

In an ideal isotope, what do you want the half life to be similar to?

A

Length of examination

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5
Q

In an ideal isotope, would you rather have alpha, beta or gamma emitter?

A

Gamma

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6
Q

In an ideal isotope, what should the energy of gamma rays be?

A

50-300keV

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7
Q

In an ideal isotope, where should the radionuclide be readily available at?

A

Hospital site

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8
Q

In an ideal isotope, what should it be easily bindable to?

A

Pharmaceutical component

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9
Q

In an ideal isotope, what should the radiopharmaceutical be simple to do?

A

Prepare

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10
Q

In an ideal isotope, when should the eliminated in similar half-time to?

A

Duration of examination

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11
Q

What is the movement of energy in a gamma camera? (4 step process).

A

Nuclear - Gamma EM - Light EM - Electrical

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12
Q

What 4 things can alter image quality?

A

Limitation to radiation dose
Collimator
Metal objects
Proximity of area

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13
Q

What does SPECT stand for?

A

Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography

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14
Q

SPECT is the CT version of what?

A

Nuclear medicine

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15
Q

What studies are SPECT routinely used for?

A

Brain
Cardiac
Lung

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16
Q

What does PET stand for?

A

Positron Emission Tomography

17
Q

What is positron emission?

A

Proton - Neutron + positron

18
Q

What is required for absolute quantitation in PET scanning?

A

Arterial sampling

19
Q

What is the half life of 18F

A

110 minutes

20
Q

What 7 places uptake FDG?

A 
Brain
Myocardium
Stomach
Liver
Spleen 
Colon
Urinary Tract
21
Q

What is the main risk of radiation?

A

Ionising radiation which can induce fatal cancers.

22
Q

What are the benefits of radiation?

A

Diagnosis
Management Change
Treatment

23
Q

Why is technetium often used as a radionuclide?

A

It stays in an excited state for a long time.

24
Q

In a gamma camera, what is placed over the image crystal?

A

Collimator

25
Q

Why is there a lead shielding?

A

To stop gamma radiation getting out.

26
Q

How are gamma cameras used in SPECT and PET?

A

Cameras are rotated around the area being scanned, shooting gamma rays and detecting ones that get absorbed.

Principles of Disease (42 decks)

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