Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 3 Flashcards
What do polyenes bind to?
Ergosterol
Where are ergosterols found?
Fungal cell wall
Why are polyenes toxic?
They can bind to other sterols in mammalian cells i.e cholesterol.
What is the only polyene available for use?
Amphotericin B
What reduceds incidence fo side effects?
Lipid complexed formulation
What do azoles inhibit?
Ergosterol synthesis
What can azoles target?
Yeast
What are used to treat aspergillosis?
Voriconazole
Itraconazole
What is used to treat yeast?
Fluconazole
What do allylamines suppress?
Ergosterol synthesis
What is the only common allylamine?
Terbinafine
What are allylamines active against?
Dermatophytes
What do echinocandins inhibit?
Synthesis of glucan polysaccharide
What are the three types of echinocandins used against candida and aspergillus?
Caspofungin
Mycafungin
Anidulafungin
Few/Lots of viral diseases are treatable.
Few
There are no viru____ agents.
Cidal
What do many antiviral drugs interfere with?
Nucleic acid synthesis
When is treatment most effective when looking at herpes?
If started early.
What are the 4 types of herpes?
Herpes simplex
Cytomegalovirus
Varicella-Zoster
Epstein-Barr
Aciclovir is a ______ analogue.
Nucleoside
What but aciclovir be converted into?
Active form
What are the two types of herpes drugs?
Specific
Non specific
What is the first treatment of HIV?
Zidovudine
What does zidovudine react with?
Action of reverse transcriptase.
What treats HIV now?
Combination therapy with at least 3 drugs.
What is used to treat chronic hep B and C?
Interferon-a
WHen interferon-a is attached to PEG, what is slowed.
Excretion
What is used for treatment of influenza A or B?
Zanamivir
Oseltamivir
What is used for treatment of severe respiratory syncytial virus?
Ribavirin.
What may help with choosing rational treatment in patients?
Genotypic analysis.
What is done to ensure antiviral drug is therapeutic and not toxic?
Monitoring drug levels.
