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Principles of Disease > Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 3 > Flashcards

Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What do polyenes bind to?

A

Ergosterol

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2
Q

Where are ergosterols found?

A

Fungal cell wall

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3
Q

Why are polyenes toxic?

A

They can bind to other sterols in mammalian cells i.e cholesterol.

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4
Q

What is the only polyene available for use?

A

Amphotericin B

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5
Q

What reduceds incidence fo side effects?

A

Lipid complexed formulation

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6
Q

What do azoles inhibit?

A

Ergosterol synthesis

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7
Q

What can azoles target?

A

Yeast

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8
Q

What are used to treat aspergillosis?

A

Voriconazole

Itraconazole

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9
Q

What is used to treat yeast?

A

Fluconazole

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10
Q

What do allylamines suppress?

A

Ergosterol synthesis

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11
Q

What is the only common allylamine?

A

Terbinafine

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12
Q

What are allylamines active against?

A

Dermatophytes

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13
Q

What do echinocandins inhibit?

A

Synthesis of glucan polysaccharide

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14
Q

What are the three types of echinocandins used against candida and aspergillus?

A

Caspofungin
Mycafungin
Anidulafungin

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15
Q

Few/Lots of viral diseases are treatable.

A

Few

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16
Q

There are no viru____ agents.

A

Cidal

17
Q

What do many antiviral drugs interfere with?

A

Nucleic acid synthesis

18
Q

When is treatment most effective when looking at herpes?

A

If started early.

19
Q

What are the 4 types of herpes?

A

Herpes simplex
Cytomegalovirus
Varicella-Zoster
Epstein-Barr

20
Q

Aciclovir is a ______ analogue.

A

Nucleoside

21
Q

What but aciclovir be converted into?

A

Active form

22
Q

What are the two types of herpes drugs?

A

Specific

Non specific

23
Q

What is the first treatment of HIV?

A

Zidovudine

24
Q

What does zidovudine react with?

A

Action of reverse transcriptase.

25
Q

What treats HIV now?

A

Combination therapy with at least 3 drugs.

26
Q

What is used to treat chronic hep B and C?

A

Interferon-a

27
Q

WHen interferon-a is attached to PEG, what is slowed.

A

Excretion

28
Q

What is used for treatment of influenza A or B?

A

Zanamivir

Oseltamivir

29
Q

What is used for treatment of severe respiratory syncytial virus?

A

Ribavirin.

30
Q

What may help with choosing rational treatment in patients?

A

Genotypic analysis.

31
Q

What is done to ensure antiviral drug is therapeutic and not toxic?

A

Monitoring drug levels.

Principles of Disease (42 decks)

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