Introduction to Microbiology

Question 1

Name 5 infecting agents.

Answer 1

Bacteria
Virus
Fungi
Parasites
Prions

Question 2

Name 4 sterile specimen types.

Answer 2

Blood, CSF, lung, bladder.

Question 3

Name 4 non-sterile sites.

Answer 3

Skin, nasopharynx, urethra, gut.

Question 4

What would be a specimen collection for a UTI?

Answer 4

Mid-stream urine.

Question 5

What would be a specimen collection for a chest infection?

Answer 5

Sputum

Question 6

What would be a specimen collection for tonsillitis?

Answer 6

Throat swab.

Question 7

What would be a specimen collection for a wound or site of infection?

Answer 7

Swab or pus.

Question 8

What would be a specimen collection for diarrhoea?

Answer 8

Faeces.

Question 9

What would be a specimen collection for bacteraemia?

Answer 9

Blood culture.

Question 10

What would be a specimen collection for meningitis?

Answer 10

Cerebrospinal fluid.

Question 11

What would unstained microscopy let you see?

Answer 11

Pus cells

Parasites

Question 12

What would gram stained microscopy let you see?

Answer 12

Bacteria

Yeast/Fungi

Question 13

What would ZN stained bacteria let you see?

Answer 13

Mycobacteria.

Question 14

What is not visible in a light microscope?

Answer 14

Viruses.

Question 15

What is the advantage of gram staining?

Answer 15

Rapid results.

Question 16

What is the disadvantages of gram staining?

Answer 16

Not sensitive.

Can’t identify a particular species.

Question 17

Bacterial culture growth is slow/fast and is sensitive/non-sensitve.

Answer 17

Slow, sensitive.

Question 18

What are the culture conditions suitable in bacterial cultures?

Answer 18

Type of media
Atmosphere
Temperature
Duration of incubation

Question 19

What are the two types of non-selective media?

Answer 19

Blood

Chocolate

Question 20

What is the selective type of media?

Answer 20

MacConkey

Question 21

What are the three obserable characters for IDing a species?

Answer 21

Morphological
Physiological
Biochemical

Question 22

What does typing do?

Answer 22

Distinguishes strains within a species for epidemiological reasons.

Question 23

What three things should you know for interpretation?

Answer 23

Normal flora at site
Likely pathogens at site
If the result it clinically significant.

Question 24

What 3 methods can be used for diagnosis of viral infection?

Answer 24

PCR
Antigen detection
Serology

Question 25

What specimens would come under protozoa parasites?

Answer 25

Malaria Amoebae Flagellates

Question 26

What specimens would come under helminth parasites?

Answer 26

Roundworms Tapeworms Flukes

Question 27

What specimens would come under arthropod parasites?

Answer 27

Lice Ticks Mites

Question 28

What part does microscopy play in diagnostic principles in parasitology?

Answer 28

See different stages of such as parasites, cysts and ova in faeces and blood films for malaria.

Question 29

What is rarely possible in diagnostic principles of parasitology?

Answer 29

Culturing.

Question 30

What are the two main healthcare acquired infections?

Answer 30

``` Methicillin Resistant Staph Aureus (MRSA) Clostridium Difficile (C.Diff) ```

Question 31

What should you do before/after dealing with a patient?

Answer 31

Wash hands or apply alcohol gel.