Introduction to Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

Name 5 infecting agents.

A
Bacteria
Virus
Fungi
Parasites
Prions
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2
Q

Name 4 sterile specimen types.

A

Blood, CSF, lung, bladder.

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3
Q

Name 4 non-sterile sites.

A

Skin, nasopharynx, urethra, gut.

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4
Q

What would be a specimen collection for a UTI?

A

Mid-stream urine.

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5
Q

What would be a specimen collection for a chest infection?

A

Sputum

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6
Q

What would be a specimen collection for tonsillitis?

A

Throat swab.

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7
Q

What would be a specimen collection for a wound or site of infection?

A

Swab or pus.

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8
Q

What would be a specimen collection for diarrhoea?

A

Faeces.

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9
Q

What would be a specimen collection for bacteraemia?

A

Blood culture.

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10
Q

What would be a specimen collection for meningitis?

A

Cerebrospinal fluid.

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11
Q

What would unstained microscopy let you see?

A

Pus cells

Parasites

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12
Q

What would gram stained microscopy let you see?

A

Bacteria

Yeast/Fungi

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13
Q

What would ZN stained bacteria let you see?

A

Mycobacteria.

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14
Q

What is not visible in a light microscope?

A

Viruses.

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15
Q

What is the advantage of gram staining?

A

Rapid results.

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16
Q

What is the disadvantages of gram staining?

A

Not sensitive.

Can’t identify a particular species.

17
Q

Bacterial culture growth is slow/fast and is sensitive/non-sensitve.

A

Slow, sensitive.

18
Q

What are the culture conditions suitable in bacterial cultures?

A

Type of media
Atmosphere
Temperature
Duration of incubation

19
Q

What are the two types of non-selective media?

A

Blood

Chocolate

20
Q

What is the selective type of media?

A

MacConkey

21
Q

What are the three obserable characters for IDing a species?

A

Morphological
Physiological
Biochemical

22
Q

What does typing do?

A

Distinguishes strains within a species for epidemiological reasons.

23
Q

What three things should you know for interpretation?

A

Normal flora at site
Likely pathogens at site
If the result it clinically significant.

24
Q

What 3 methods can be used for diagnosis of viral infection?

A

PCR
Antigen detection
Serology

25
Q

What specimens would come under protozoa parasites?

A

Malaria
Amoebae
Flagellates

26
Q

What specimens would come under helminth parasites?

A

Roundworms
Tapeworms
Flukes

27
Q

What specimens would come under arthropod parasites?

A

Lice
Ticks
Mites

28
Q

What part does microscopy play in diagnostic principles in parasitology?

A

See different stages of such as parasites, cysts and ova in faeces and blood films for malaria.

29
Q

What is rarely possible in diagnostic principles of parasitology?

A

Culturing.

30
Q

What are the two main healthcare acquired infections?

A
Methicillin Resistant Staph Aureus (MRSA)
Clostridium Difficile (C.Diff)
31
Q

What should you do before/after dealing with a patient?

A

Wash hands or apply alcohol gel.