Introduction to Microbiology Flashcards
Name 5 infecting agents.
Bacteria Virus Fungi Parasites Prions
Name 4 sterile specimen types.
Blood, CSF, lung, bladder.
Name 4 non-sterile sites.
Skin, nasopharynx, urethra, gut.
What would be a specimen collection for a UTI?
Mid-stream urine.
What would be a specimen collection for a chest infection?
Sputum
What would be a specimen collection for tonsillitis?
Throat swab.
What would be a specimen collection for a wound or site of infection?
Swab or pus.
What would be a specimen collection for diarrhoea?
Faeces.
What would be a specimen collection for bacteraemia?
Blood culture.
What would be a specimen collection for meningitis?
Cerebrospinal fluid.
What would unstained microscopy let you see?
Pus cells
Parasites
What would gram stained microscopy let you see?
Bacteria
Yeast/Fungi
What would ZN stained bacteria let you see?
Mycobacteria.
What is not visible in a light microscope?
Viruses.
What is the advantage of gram staining?
Rapid results.
What is the disadvantages of gram staining?
Not sensitive.
Can’t identify a particular species.
Bacterial culture growth is slow/fast and is sensitive/non-sensitve.
Slow, sensitive.
What are the culture conditions suitable in bacterial cultures?
Type of media
Atmosphere
Temperature
Duration of incubation
What are the two types of non-selective media?
Blood
Chocolate
What is the selective type of media?
MacConkey
What are the three obserable characters for IDing a species?
Morphological
Physiological
Biochemical
What does typing do?
Distinguishes strains within a species for epidemiological reasons.
What three things should you know for interpretation?
Normal flora at site
Likely pathogens at site
If the result it clinically significant.
What 3 methods can be used for diagnosis of viral infection?
PCR
Antigen detection
Serology
What specimens would come under protozoa parasites?
Malaria
Amoebae
Flagellates
What specimens would come under helminth parasites?
Roundworms
Tapeworms
Flukes
What specimens would come under arthropod parasites?
Lice
Ticks
Mites
What part does microscopy play in diagnostic principles in parasitology?
See different stages of such as parasites, cysts and ova in faeces and blood films for malaria.
What is rarely possible in diagnostic principles of parasitology?
Culturing.
What are the two main healthcare acquired infections?
Methicillin Resistant Staph Aureus (MRSA) Clostridium Difficile (C.Diff)
What should you do before/after dealing with a patient?
Wash hands or apply alcohol gel.
