Tumour Pathology 1

Question 1

Define a tumour.

Answer 1

An abnormal growing mass of tissue.

Question 2

Discuss the growth of a tumour.

Answer 2

Growth is uncoordinated with that of surrounding normal tissue.
Growth continues after the removal of any stimulus which may have caused the tumour.

Question 3

What are the 2 types of tumour?

Answer 3

Benign

Malignant (Cancer)

Question 4

Define cancer.

Answer 4

A fundamental property of cancer is its ability to invade into adjacent tissue and to metastasise and grow at other sites within the body.

Question 5

What does the term metastasise mean?

Answer 5

Spread

Question 6

What are the 2 general factors which are important in the causation of cancer?

Answer 6

Genetic

Environmental

Question 7

What are the top 5 male cancers?

Answer 7

Prostate
Lung
Colon
Bladder
Lymph Node

Question 8

What are the top 5 female cancers?

Answer 8

Breast
Lung
Colon
Uterus
Ovary

Question 9

What are the top 5 overall cancers?

Answer 9

Breast
Lung
Prostate
Colon
Melanoma

Question 10

What is the survival rate of breast cancer?

Answer 10

85%

Question 11

What is the survival rate of prostate cancer?

Answer 11

80%

Question 12

What is the survival rate of lung cancer?

Answer 12

15%

Question 13

Why is classification of tumours important? (2 points)

Answer 13

Understanding tumour behaviour.

Determining outcome and selecting therapy.

Question 14

What are the 2 things tumours are classified on?

Answer 14

Tissue of origin

Benign or Malignant

Question 15

What would be the benign and malignant nomenclature of glandular epithelium?

Answer 15

Adenoma

Adenocarcinoma

Question 16

What would be the benign and malignant nomenclature of squamous epithelium?

Answer 16

Squamous Papilloma

Squamous Carcinoma

Question 17

What would be the benign and malignant nomenclature of bone tissue?

Answer 17

Osteoma

Osteosarcoma

Question 18

What would be the benign and malignant nomenclature of fat tissue?

Answer 18

Lipoma

Liposarcoma

Question 19

What would be the benign and malignant nomenclature of fibrous tissue?

Answer 19

Fibroma

Fibrosarcoma

Question 20

What would be the malignant nomenclature of white blood cells?

Answer 20

Leukaemia

Question 21

What would be the malignant nomenclature of lymphoid tissue?

Answer 21

Lymphoma

Question 22

What would be the malignant nomenclature of neural tissue in the CNS?

Answer 22

Astrocytoma

Question 23

What would be the malignant nomenclature of neural tissue in the PNS?

Answer 23

Schwannoma

Question 24

What would be the nomenclature of germ cell tumours?

Answer 24

Teratomas

Question 25

Where do teratomas develop and are they benign or malignant?

Answer 25

Ovaries - Benign | Testis - Malignant

Question 26

What are the 8 features of tumours?

Answer 26

``` Growth pattern Presence of capsule Invasion Presence of metastases Differentiation Appearance of tumour cells Function Behaviour ```

Question 27

In these 8 features, what would be seen in benign tumours?

Answer 27

``` Noninvasive growth pattern Encapsulated No invasion No metastases Cells similar to normal Well-differentiated Function like normal Rarely cause death ```

Question 28

In the 8 features, what would be seen in malignant tumours?

Answer 28

``` Invasive growth pattern No capsule Invasion Metastases Cells Abnormal Poorly differentiated Loss of normal function Frequently cause death ```