Classification of Pathogenic Bacteria (Gram-positives) Flashcards
What is pathogenicity?
Varying capacity to cause disease.
What shape do staphylococci bacteria form?
Clusters.
What shape to streptococci bacteria form?
Chains.
What does the coagulase test differentiate?
Coagulase-postive staphylococci bacteria (aureus) from coagulase-negative staphylococci bacteria.
What are the two types of staphylococci aureus bacteria?
MSSA and MRSA
Where is staphylococci aureus found?
Nose, groin, hairline.
What types of diseases can staphylococci aureus cause?
Boils
Soft tissue infections
Septicaemia
Food poisoning
What makes staphylococci aureus penicillin resistant?
B-lactamase.
Which form of staph aureus is methicillin resistant?
MRSA
What are coagulase-negative staphylococci?
Skin commensals (not harmful).
What are the three types of streptococci?
A-haemolytic
B-haemolytic
Non haemolytic
How can you differentiate between alpha and beta haemolytic streptococci?
A turns blood agar green
B turns blood agar clear
What type of bacteria is streptococcus pneumoniae?
A-haemolytic
What 3 diseases does streptococcus pneumoniae cause?
Pneumonia
Meningitis
Septicaemia.
What type of bacteria is viridans streptococci?
A-haemolytic
What does viridans streptococci cause?
Infective endocarditis.
How are B-haemolytic streptococci differentiated?
Lancefield groupings (A-G)
What are the most clinically important B-haemolytic streptococci?
A, B and D.
What group does streptococcus pyogenes come under?
Group A
What does streptococcus pyogenes cause?
Sore throats
Cellulitis
Necrotising fasciitis
What does streptococcus agalactiae cause?
Meningitis
Bacteraemia
Where is streptococcus agalactiae found in around 25% of women?
Genital tract
What group does enterococcus spp come under?
Group D
Where is enterococcus spp found?
In the gut as normal commensal
What does enterococcus spp cause?
UTI
Where can C.Diff be carried asymptomatically?
In the gut of healthy people.
What is C.Diff a cause of?
Diarrhoea associated with toxin production.
How does C.Diff spread in hospitals?
Spores
How can C.Diff be detected?
Detecting the antigen and toxin in stool sample by ELISA.
Where is clostridium perfringens found?
Soil and normal commensal
What can clostridium perfringens cause?
Food poisoning.
What does clostridium tetani cause?
Tetanus
What is the source of botox?
Clostridium botulinum
Bacillus anthracis
