VII- Upper Motor Neurons Flashcards

1
Q

premotor cortices

A

lateral premotor cortex + supplementary motor cortex

planning and sequencing prior to move

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2
Q

parts of dorsolateral

A
  1. lateral corticospinal
  2. rubrospinal
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3
Q

mirror neurons function

in primates and humans

A

active when performing an action and observing another indiv doing the same thing
-NOT respond when context is unfamiliar

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4
Q

major movements of descending motor

A

dorsolateral = flexors of extreminites
ventromedial = extensors to proximal muscles and torso

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5
Q

primary motor cortex

A

@precentral gyrus

execution of contralateral voluntary movement since decussate (small proportion don’t cross)
-precise control and reg muscle contraction force

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6
Q

pyramidal cells in primary motor cortex routes

A
  1. most will activate interneurons in spinal intermediate zone > alpha neurons
  2. some will directly monosynaptic activate alpha neurons
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7
Q

inter hemispheric connection function

A

to coordinate posture by axial muscles and proximal extremities
-no connections in distal regions for greater independence

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8
Q

betz cells

A

in primary motor cortex
-small proportion but large axons so fastest signaling

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9
Q

ventromedial tracts

A
  1. reticulospinal
  2. vestibulospinal
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10
Q

corticobulbar tract

A

control muscles of face, head, neck

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11
Q

corticospinal tract

A

skilled voluntary movement
-direct pathway either to interneurons or distal extremity alpha neurons

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12
Q

ventral corticospinal tract

A

axons descend uncrossed and terminate bilaterally
-control axial and proximal muscles for postural control of neck, shoulders, upper limb

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13
Q

rubrospinal tract

A

for proximal flexor muscles + assist well learned rote movements
-from red nucleus > decussate in midbrain > interneurons for alpha

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14
Q

internal capsule orientation

A
  1. face (anterior)
  2. arm
  3. trunk
  4. leg (posterior)

of posterior limb

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15
Q

blood supply to internal capsule

A

lenticulostriate arteries from middle cerebral
-susceptible to stroke

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16
Q

middle cerebral covers what areas

A
  1. premotor lateral
  2. supplemental
  3. superior frontal gyrus
  4. precentral gyrus