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Block 4 Found Sci > VI-Calcium and Bone > Flashcards

VI-Calcium and Bone Flashcards

1
Q

acidemia =

A

hypercalcemia so inc ionized Ca

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2
Q

alkalemia =

A

hypocalcemia so dec ionized Ca

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3
Q

inc plasma anions =

A

more Ca forms complexes so dec ionized Ca
-i.e. phosphate

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4
Q

hypercalcemia presentation

A
  1. muscle weakness
  2. lethargy
  3. depression
  4. constipation
  5. reduced appetite
  6. heartburn, nausea
  7. polyurea
  8. nephrolithiasis aka kidney stones
  9. cardiac dysrhythmia
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5
Q

hypocalcemia presentaiton

A
  1. muscle spasms from inc neuromuscluar excitabilty
  2. tingling and numbness
  3. hypocalcemic tetany
  4. seizures
  5. cardic dysrhythmias
  6. trousseau sign of claw hand
  7. chovostek sign of twitching with facial N
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6
Q

dec plasma Ca = ? PTH

A

inc PTH to inc plasma Ca
-inc bone resoprtion/break down
-dec phosphate reabsorption
-inc Ca absorption

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7
Q

effects of PTH

A
  1. dec plasma phosphate
  2. inc plasma Ca
  3. inc calcitriol/active vit D
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8
Q

stimulants of PTH

A
  1. low plasma Ca
  2. high plasma phosphate
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9
Q

inhibits PTH

A
  1. high plasma Ca
  2. high calcitriol
  3. low plasma P
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10
Q

effects of calcitriol

A
  1. inc P and Ca reabsorption from kidney and intestine
  2. promote PTH action from bone

aka want to inc Ca and P

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11
Q

stimulate calcitirol

A
  1. PTH
  2. low plasma P
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12
Q

inhibit calcitriol

A
  1. high plasma Ca
  2. high plasma P
  3. high calcitriol
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13
Q

1alpha-hydroxylase function

A

convert vitamin D precursor to active calcitriol
-inhibited by FGF23 from osteoblasts

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14
Q

hypoparathyroidism

A

insufficient secretion of PTH from PT glands
-from surgery, autoimmune, familial, idiopathic

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15
Q

primary hyperparathyroidism

A

xs PTH from dysfunction of PT gland
-usually adenoma

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16
Q

secondary hyperparathyroidism

A

disease outside of PT glands cause enlargement and hyperactive
-chronic renal failure, chronic Ca deficiency

17
Q

presentation of hypoparathyroid

A
  1. tetany from inc neuromuscular aka hypocalcemia signs
  2. hyperphosphatemia
  3. low vit D and Ca
18
Q

presentation of primary hyperparathyroid

A
  1. hypercalcemia
  2. hypophosphatemia bc PTH dominates calcitriol
  3. constipation, indigestion, nausea
  4. peptic ulcers
  5. pancreatitis
  6. bone pain, loss bone density
  7. muscle weakness
  8. depression, lethargy
  9. kidney stones
19
Q

secondary hyperparathyroidism presentation

A

rickets- from vit D def, bowed legs, -Ca either normal or dec
-P either inc or dec depending on cause

Block 4 Found Sci (67 decks)

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