V-Viral Infections Flashcards
symptoms of infectious mononucleosis
fever + malaise + exudative pharyngitis + splenomegaly + tender lymphadentis + rash (if treated with ampicilin)
pathogenesis of mono
EBV infected B cells are targeted by immune system
transmit via saliva
serology of mono
-IgM to viral capsid antigen if primary infection
-downey cells (atypical T cells)
-heterophile antibodies (mono-like illnesses from CMV will not have)
burkitt’s lymphoma
from latent EBV in jaw of children of central Africa
translocation of chromos 8 and 14
hodgkins disease presentation
lymphadenopathy in supraclavicular or axilla regions+ enlarged lymph nodes deep in chest + fever + night sweats + weight loss
hodgkin’s disease pathology
latent EBV
reed-sternberg cells
nasopharyngeal carcinoma presentation
facial pain + fullness in sinuses and throat + hearing loss
nasopharyngeal carcinoma pathology
latent EBV in southeast Asia and China
not B cell related - epithelial cells instead
PTLD presentation
abnormal prolif of lymphoid cells + fever + fatigue + weight loss + progressive encephalopathy
benign or malignant
PTLD pathology
latent EBV in transplant patients so treat by reducing immunosup first then rituximab and chemo
oral hairy leukoplakia presentation
nonpainful lesions/warts on lateral tongue
oral hairy leukoplakia pathology
lytic/active EBV in adolescents and adults esp if immunocomp
since lytic can treat with antiherpetic drugs
cytomegalic inclusion presentation
neonates show hepatosplenomegaly + jaundice + petechiae/rash + hearing loss
can develop later in life too
cytomegalic inclusion pathology
pregnant women exposed to CMV
CMV on transplant recipients
- CMV pneumonitis - fever + hypoxia + interstitial lung infiltrates
- GI problems - nausea, diarrhea, abdom pain, vomit
CMV on AIDS patients
- CMV retinitis- blurred vision, floaters, white lesions
- GI problems
- CMV pneumonitis
ganciclovir
aka GCV antiviral that targets DNA polymerase
-gets converted to oral polymerase inhibitor by CMV enzymes
can also use valganciclovir that gets converted to GCV
cidofovir
aka CDV antiviral that targets DNA polymerase
-gets converted to viral polymerase inhibitor by cellular enzymes
foscarnet
aka FOS antiviral that directly inhibits CMV DNA polymerase
viral myocarditis symptoms
SOB + exercise intolerance + fatigue + chest pain + abdom pain in adult men
cause of viral myocarditis
lots of stuff
-adenovirus, enterovirus, parvovirus, HHV-6
diagnosing viral myocarditis
chest radiography and ECG esp if congestive heart failure
presentation of Kaposi sarcoma
cutaneous lesions (purple, brown) + weight loss + fever + spindle morphology of cells from HHV-8
endothelial cell origin
classic Kaposi sarcoma
rare and rarely life threatening
-middle eastern or mediterranean
-few lesions
endemic Kaposi sarcoma
either classic presenting OR aggressive and fatal in equatorial Africa pre-pubescent kids
transplant related Kaposi sarcoma is from
due to immunosupp from transplant so once discontinued lesions resolve
AIDS related Kaposi sarcoma
widespread lesions + lymph node swelling + fever + weight loss + fatal if reaches lungs
adult T cell lymphoma presentation
papules/plaques/tumors/ulcers from skin infiltration of tumor cells + hypercalcemia + lymphadenopathy + h/smegaly in Japan, Caribbean, central Africa
flower cell histology
HTLV-1 associated myelopathy presentation
stiff gait > LE weakness > back pain > incontinence > beridden
from demyelination of neurons from autoimmune dz
