Unit 9: Important Events

Question 1

Berlin Airlift

Answer 1

Joint effort by the US and Britian to fly food and supplies into W Berlin after the Soviet blocked off all ground routes into the city.

Question 2

NATO

Answer 2

North Atlantic Treaty Organization; (1949) an alliance made to defend one another (militarily) if they were attacked by any other country; US, England, France, Canada, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Denmark, Norway, Portugal and Iceland.

Question 3

Internal Security Act

Answer 3

United States federal law that required the registration of Communist organizations with the Attorney General, publish their records and established the Subversive Activities Control Board to investigate persons thought to be engaged in “un-American” activities, including homosexuals

Question 4

Hungarian Revolt

Answer 4

A spontaneous revolt against the Stalinist government of a nation and its Soviet-imposed policies, lasting from October 23 until 10 November 1956.

Question 5

Sputnik

Answer 5

The world’s first space satellite. This meant the Soviet Union had a missile powerful enough to reach the US.

Question 6

Little Rock Central HS

Answer 6

A group of African-American students who were enrolled in Little Rock Central High School in 1957. The ensuing Little Rock Crisis, in which the students were initially prevented from entering the racially segregated school by Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus, and then attended after the intervention of President Eisenhower, is considered to be one of the most important events in the African-American Civil Rights Movement. On their first day of school, troops from the Arkansas National Guard would not let them enter the school and they were followed by mobs making threats to lynch.

Question 7

Berlin Wall

Answer 7

High barrier between East and West erected during the 1961 Berlin crisis. Coined the “iron curtain” by Winston Churchill.

Question 8

Kennedy’s Moon Speech

Answer 8

Lets get into space guys. Beat dem soviets. we can’t let them win!

Question 9

Vienna Summit

Answer 9

President Kennedy met with Soviet Premier Khrushchev for two days of meetings. The meetings covered a whole range of items, including Laos, disarmament and general issues of ideology. More than anything else, however, the main issue on the agenda was Berlin.

Question 10

Alliance for Progress

Answer 10

An attempt to provide American aid for democratic reform in Latin America that met with much disappointment and frustration

Question 11

Yalta Conference

Answer 11

1945 Meeting with US president FDR, British Prime Minister(PM) Winston Churchill, and and Soviet Leader Stalin during WWII to plan for post-war

Question 12

Marshall Plan

Answer 12

A plan that the US came up with to revive war-torn economies of Europe. This plan offered $13 billion in aid to western and Southern Europe.

Question 13

Taft-Hartley Act

Answer 13

1947; outlawed the closed shop and authorized the president to seek court injunctions to prevent strikes

Question 14

Brown v Bd of Educ

Answer 14

1954 court decision that declared state laws segregating schools to be unconstitutional. Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Question 15

Suez Crisis

Answer 15

a swift and militarily harmless crisis between the US, France, Britain and Israel and Egypt and the Soviet Union. It was based on an Egyptian change in policy on the Suez canal, drawing force from the other countries and support for the the Soviets

Question 16

NDEA

Answer 16

National Defense Education Act Instituted primarily to stimulate the advancement of education in science, mathematics, and modern foreign languages as a response to the Soviet launch of Sputnik.

Question 17

“Ole Miss”

Answer 17

riot of 1962 was fought between Southern segregationist civilians and federal and state forces as a result of the forced enrollment of black student James Meredith at the University of Mississippi (known affectionately as Ole Miss) at Oxford, Mississippi.

Question 18

Bay of Pigs

Answer 18

Site where anti-Castro guerrilla forces failed in their U.S-sponsored invasion

Question 19

I Have a Dream

Answer 19

civil rights speech by MLK at the Lincoln Memorial on the March on WA thingy.

Question 20

Selma, Alabama

Answer 20

MLK called a march in 1965 from Selma AL to Montgomery to protest the murder of a voting-rights activists. Images of state troopers attacking protesters with tear gas and clubs appeared on national television.

Question 21

Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

Answer 21

Reacting to Soviet nuclear tests, this treaty was signed on August 5, 1963 and prohibited nuclear testing undersea, in air and in space. Only underground testing was permitted. It was signed by all major powers except France and China.

Question 22

Nuremburg Trials

Answer 22

series of military tribunals, held by the Allied forces after World War II, most notable for the prosecution of prominent members of the political, military, and economic leadership of Nazi Germany.

Question 23

National Security Act

Answer 23

Signed by U.S. President Harry S. Truman, this realigned and reorganized the United States’ armed forces, foreign policy, and Intelligence Community apparatus in the aftermath of World War II and created the Central Intelligence Agency as well as the Department of Defense and Pentagon.

Question 24

Korean War

Answer 24

conflict between Communist North Korea and Non-Communist South Korea. The United Nations (led by the United States) helped South Korea.

Question 25

Army-McCarthy Hearings

Answer 25

The Trials in which Senator McCarthey accused the U.S. Army of harboring possible communists.These trials were one of the first televised trials in America, and helped show America Senator McCarthey’s irresponsibility and meanness.

Question 26

Highway Act of 1956

Answer 26

• Most expensive program in history
• 41000 mile system- accelerated suburban growth, heightened dependency of vehicles, hastened decline of nation’s rails, pollution, gas consumption, decay of central cities

Question 27

Southern Manifesto

Answer 27

The manifesto was a document written by legislators opposed to integration. Most of the signatures came from Southern Democrats, showing that they would stand in the way of integration, leading to another split/shift in the Democratic Party.

Question 28

Montgomery Bus Boycott

Answer 28

In 1955, after Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a city bus, Dr. Martin L. King led a boycott of city busses. After 11 months the Supreme Court ruled that segregation of public transportation was illegal.

Question 29

Cuban Missile Crisis

Answer 29

Tense confrontation between Kennedy and Khrushchev that nearly led to nuclear war in October 1962

Question 30

March on Washington

Answer 30

The march was a huge civil rights protest. It was here when King made his “I have a dream” speech. The march also pressured the government to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

Question 31

The Feminine Mystique

Answer 31

Betty Friedan An American feminist, activist and writer, best known for starting what is commonly known as the “Second Wave” of feminism through the writing of a book.

Question 32

Kennedy Assassination

Answer 32

In 1963 in Dallas, riding in a parade to drum up support for the upcoming presidential election in 1964, JFK was shot twice by Lee Harvey Oswald and pronounced dead at Parkland hospital.