Unit 9: Important Events Flashcards
Berlin Airlift
Joint effort by the US and Britian to fly food and supplies into W Berlin after the Soviet blocked off all ground routes into the city.
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization; (1949) an alliance made to defend one another (militarily) if they were attacked by any other country; US, England, France, Canada, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Denmark, Norway, Portugal and Iceland.
Internal Security Act
United States federal law that required the registration of Communist organizations with the Attorney General, publish their records and established the Subversive Activities Control Board to investigate persons thought to be engaged in “un-American” activities, including homosexuals
Hungarian Revolt
A spontaneous revolt against the Stalinist government of a nation and its Soviet-imposed policies, lasting from October 23 until 10 November 1956.
Sputnik
The world’s first space satellite. This meant the Soviet Union had a missile powerful enough to reach the US.
Little Rock Central HS
A group of African-American students who were enrolled in Little Rock Central High School in 1957. The ensuing Little Rock Crisis, in which the students were initially prevented from entering the racially segregated school by Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus, and then attended after the intervention of President Eisenhower, is considered to be one of the most important events in the African-American Civil Rights Movement. On their first day of school, troops from the Arkansas National Guard would not let them enter the school and they were followed by mobs making threats to lynch.
Berlin Wall
High barrier between East and West erected during the 1961 Berlin crisis. Coined the “iron curtain” by Winston Churchill.
Kennedy’s Moon Speech
Lets get into space guys. Beat dem soviets. we can’t let them win!
Vienna Summit
President Kennedy met with Soviet Premier Khrushchev for two days of meetings. The meetings covered a whole range of items, including Laos, disarmament and general issues of ideology. More than anything else, however, the main issue on the agenda was Berlin.
Alliance for Progress
An attempt to provide American aid for democratic reform in Latin America that met with much disappointment and frustration
Yalta Conference
1945 Meeting with US president FDR, British Prime Minister(PM) Winston Churchill, and and Soviet Leader Stalin during WWII to plan for post-war
Marshall Plan
A plan that the US came up with to revive war-torn economies of Europe. This plan offered $13 billion in aid to western and Southern Europe.
Taft-Hartley Act
1947; outlawed the closed shop and authorized the president to seek court injunctions to prevent strikes
Brown v Bd of Educ
1954 court decision that declared state laws segregating schools to be unconstitutional. Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
Suez Crisis
a swift and militarily harmless crisis between the US, France, Britain and Israel and Egypt and the Soviet Union. It was based on an Egyptian change in policy on the Suez canal, drawing force from the other countries and support for the the Soviets
NDEA
National Defense Education Act Instituted primarily to stimulate the advancement of education in science, mathematics, and modern foreign languages as a response to the Soviet launch of Sputnik.
“Ole Miss”
riot of 1962 was fought between Southern segregationist civilians and federal and state forces as a result of the forced enrollment of black student James Meredith at the University of Mississippi (known affectionately as Ole Miss) at Oxford, Mississippi.
Bay of Pigs
Site where anti-Castro guerrilla forces failed in their U.S-sponsored invasion
I Have a Dream
civil rights speech by MLK at the Lincoln Memorial on the March on WA thingy.
Selma, Alabama
MLK called a march in 1965 from Selma AL to Montgomery to protest the murder of a voting-rights activists. Images of state troopers attacking protesters with tear gas and clubs appeared on national television.
Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
Reacting to Soviet nuclear tests, this treaty was signed on August 5, 1963 and prohibited nuclear testing undersea, in air and in space. Only underground testing was permitted. It was signed by all major powers except France and China.
Nuremburg Trials
series of military tribunals, held by the Allied forces after World War II, most notable for the prosecution of prominent members of the political, military, and economic leadership of Nazi Germany.
National Security Act
Signed by U.S. President Harry S. Truman, this realigned and reorganized the United States’ armed forces, foreign policy, and Intelligence Community apparatus in the aftermath of World War II and created the Central Intelligence Agency as well as the Department of Defense and Pentagon.
Korean War
conflict between Communist North Korea and Non-Communist South Korea. The United Nations (led by the United States) helped South Korea.
Army-McCarthy Hearings
The Trials in which Senator McCarthey accused the U.S. Army of harboring possible communists.These trials were one of the first televised trials in America, and helped show America Senator McCarthey’s irresponsibility and meanness.
Highway Act of 1956
- Most expensive program in history
- 41000 mile system- accelerated suburban growth, heightened dependency of vehicles, hastened decline of nation’s rails, pollution, gas consumption, decay of central cities
Southern Manifesto
The manifesto was a document written by legislators opposed to integration. Most of the signatures came from Southern Democrats, showing that they would stand in the way of integration, leading to another split/shift in the Democratic Party.
Montgomery Bus Boycott
In 1955, after Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a city bus, Dr. Martin L. King led a boycott of city busses. After 11 months the Supreme Court ruled that segregation of public transportation was illegal.
Cuban Missile Crisis
Tense confrontation between Kennedy and Khrushchev that nearly led to nuclear war in October 1962
March on Washington
The march was a huge civil rights protest. It was here when King made his “I have a dream” speech. The march also pressured the government to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
The Feminine Mystique
Betty Friedan An American feminist, activist and writer, best known for starting what is commonly known as the “Second Wave” of feminism through the writing of a book.
Kennedy Assassination
In 1963 in Dallas, riding in a parade to drum up support for the upcoming presidential election in 1964, JFK was shot twice by Lee Harvey Oswald and pronounced dead at Parkland hospital.
