Unit 10: Important Concepts Flashcards
War on Poverty
Lyndon Johnson declared war on poverty in his 1964 State of the Union address. The Office of Economic Opportunity oversaw a variety of programs to help the poor, including the Job Corps and Head Start.
Black Power
Racial slogan that signaled a growing challenge to King’s non-violent civil rights movement by militant younger blacks
Credibility Gap
A lack of popular confidence in the truth of the claims or public statements made by the federal government, large corporations, politicians, etc.
Inflation
A decrease in the value of money in relation to goods, causes prices to rise. A cause was from the increase and scarcity of oil/gas.
Wage & Price Freeze
Nixon imposed a 90 day wage and price freeze to stimulate exports he took U.S. off gold standard and devaluing the $.
Enemies List
the nickname given to the group of people singled out by the Nixon administration in the early 1970s for harassment and prosecution by government agencies
Detente
Nixon-Ford-Kissinger policy of seeking relaxed tensions with the Soviet Union through trade and arms limitation.
Energy Crisis
When Carter entered office inflation soared, due to the increases in energy prices by OPEC. Instability in the Middle East produced a major fuel shortage in the US, and OPEC announced a major price increase. Carter retreated to Camp David & Carter emerged with a speech including a series of proposals for resolving the energy crisis.
“Supply-Side” economics
The economic theory of “Reaganomics” that emphasized cutting taxes and government spending in order to stimulate investment, productivity, and economic growth by private enterprise
International Economy
Mass consumer economy with heavy machinery and automobile corporations. Technology has become and industry in itself. Business transactions in different areas of the world much easier. More involved with foreign trade.
Anti-war movement
The Anti-War Movement was a student protest that started as the Free Speech movement in California and spread around the world. Opposition to war in Vietnam and condemned U.S. presence there. They claimed this was violating Vietnam’s rights. This movement resulted in growing activism on campuses aimed at social reform etc. Primarily a middle-class movement.
Great Society
President Johnson called his version of the Democratic reform program the Great Society. In 1965, Congress passed many Great Society measures, including Medicare, civil rights legislation, and federal aid to education.
Flexible Response
the buildup of conventional troops and weapons to allow a nation to fight a limited war without using nuclear weapons
Dirty Tricks
CREEP raised money in secretive, unethical, or unlawful ways. “Dirty tricks” were a party of the campaign which included espionage, sabotage, and fake documents against Democratic candidates in 1972.
Affirmative Action
Policies of the government aimed at increasing access to jobs, schooling, and oppurtunities to people previously discriminated against…Bakke vs. Board of Regents
Recession of 1982
economic downturn in the early 1980s that led to “Reaganomics”
“Glass Ceiling”
The invisible barrier that prevents women and minorities from advancing to the top jobs in organizations
Executive Privilege
This policy came into effect during the Nixon administration when members of the executive branch were being questioned by authorities. The policy stated that Congress could not question any of the past or present employees about any topic without the president’s approval.
Combodian Incursion
The Cambodian Campaign (also known as the Cambodian Incursion and the Cambodian Invasion) was a series of military operations conducted in eastern Cambodia during mid-1970 by the United States and the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) during the Vietnam War. These invasions were a result of the policy of President Richard Nixon. A total of 13 major operations were conducted by the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) between 29 April and 22 July and by US forces between 1 May and 30 June.
Republican Resurgence
The unpopularity of President Johnson’s Great Society, rising crime, radical campus protests, and racial riots coupled with the coattail effect of popular Governor George W. Romney at the top of the state ticket all led to a downturn for the Democratic Party. The Republicans succeeded in recapturing the five districts they lost. Nationally the Republicans gained 47 seats from the Democrats in the House.
Deficit Spending
The English economist John Maynard Keynes proposed that governments cut taxes and
increase spending in order to stimulate investment and consumption. The effect was to
increase the deficit because more money was spent than was taken in.
Counterculture
A rebellion of teens and young adults against mainstream American society in the 1960s
LSD
Timothy Leary, Harvard psychologist who experimented with psychoactive drugs (including LSD) and became a well-known advocate of their use as a way to open and expand the mind, became a well-known advocate of their use
Peaceful Conexistence
foreign policy and was adopted by Soviet-influenced “Communist states” that they could peacefully coexist with the capitalist
