Unit 8: Important Events Flashcards
Sacco-Vanzetti Case
The trial of two Italian immigrants found guilty for murder on very little evidence. Despite tampering of evidence, obvious prejudice and racism, they were put to death.
Good Neighbor Policy
Our efforts to help relations to our friends in Central and South America. It stated how we wouldn’t meddle with them, not that we would do anything for them, but how we just wouldn’t make things worse for them.
Black Friday
a stock market crash, the most devastating stock crash in US history, kicked off the great depression.
Washington Conference
1943 President Roosevelt and Churchill. Drafted United Nations, launch of Atlantic Charter (similar to 14 pts.), war strategy
Kellogg-Briand Pact
The “No more war because it sucks” pact. It didn’t work and everyone ended up breaking it with WWII, represents the idealism present in FDR’s administration.
Glass-Steagall Act
Goal to put an end to commercial banks engaging in investing depositor funds in the stock market after the market crash. Created FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.) to insure depositors won’t loose money.
Hoover-Stimson Doctrine
The note saying that we didn’t recognize any of Japan’s new Japan in Manchuria and China.
Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC)
Watch dog of Wall Street: banning stock manipulation, getting ride of unscrupulous brokers, and taking over enforcement of Truth in Securities Act.
Social Security Act
This was part of the new deal where since old people didn’t have an income, we would give them mandatory income that they could spend and inflate the economy.
Schechter vs. US
Made the National Industrial Recovery Act invalidated as the regulations imposed on the poultry industry were deemed unconstitutional.
Works Progressive Admin (WPA)
Extension of the PWA with theater, architecture, projects creating job opportunities. Many different kinds of peoples pockets.. extending revenue markets.
Public Works Admin (PWA)
Goal of job creation. Oversee and fund state-response building projects. Tunnels, bridges, water, sewage systems
Hitler-Stalin Nonaggression Pact
Germany and Russia saying “lets not kill each other k?” It was both of them preserving their armies until Germany would have invaded.
“Quarantine” Speech
FDR, “quarantine the aggressors of nations” as an alternative to american neutrality and isolation. pro-isolationist.
“Lend-Lease”
FDR “Garden Hose” speech. Replace Cash and carry. saying that this was not the time to talk about money in the war, suggested that they were never going to get paid back.
Casablanca Conference
1943 Roosevelt and Churchill; declared war until “unconditional surrender”
Hiroshima/Nagasaki
The two sites that we ended up nuking. It was the result of the Manhattan Project and ended the war entirely.
V-E Day
May 8, 1945, the day that the whole of the Axis forces in Europe were destroyed when Germany finally surrendered.
Red Scare
The threat of Russia and communists at the time. This lead to the eventual Cold War.
Volstead Act
The prohibition act, which was an act that backed up the 18th Amendment.
Neutrality Act
Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1936 focused on isolationism, not loans, embargo
Neutrality Acts of 1937 and 1939 open up trade “cash and carry”
Farm Relief Bill
the government subisidized farming, and they just raised he price of farm products.
Dawes Plan
authorized the gov to chop up indian land for individual indians, made them citizens and cut them off from their tribe
Five Power Treaty
limited naval construction after ww1 to prevent an arms race.
Hawley-Smoot Tariff
massive terrif, shut down half of US exports, totally had an effect on the great depression
Federal Housing Administration (FHA)
made it easier for middle income Americans to get loans for homes by encouraging bakes to give loans
National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)
Created NRA (National Recovery Admin) and PWA (Public Works Admin). NRA: Strengthen industrial sector of economy. Fair competition with regulation of wages, working hours, prices
US vs. Butler
taxes under AAA were unconstitutional, there for AAA is unconstitutional. Invade rights of states to regulate and control agricultural production.
Wagner Act
National Labor Relations Act. Collective bargaining is a ridge, collective action for legitimate grievance is a right, unfair labor practices are not all right.
Agriculture Adjustment Act (AAA)
Pay farmers to cut productions. Raise farm prices y lowering farm production. Money to subsidize famers comes from “processing” tax
Spanish Civil War
A guerrilla war that Spain fought with itself, the rebels prevailed, but the important parts is that it kept them pretty much out of the war, and we sold lots of weapons to them the whole time.
“Cash and Carry”
Neutrality Acts of 1937 and 1939; sale of supplies to belligerents if they transport the goods and purchase with no loans. Eventually extended to war materials.
Atlantic Charter
Defined the Allies major goals for the war and how they did it.
Potsdam Conference
1945 Stalin, Truman, Churchill; unconditional surrender to Japan, denazify, decentralize, disarm, and democratize Germany. Trial of war criminals. Truman did not tell Stalin about the atomic bomb (but Stalin already knew)
Dresden Fire Bombing
The bombing of an important state in Germany by the RAF. It was significant from just the massive destruction it caused, and over a long time.
V-J Day
victory over japan day. pretty self explanatory.
Immigration Quota Act
also the asian exclusion act, limited the number of immigrants that could come into the country to 2% of the total number of people from there in the country.
Emergency Quota Act
same thing as the immigration quota act: also the asian exclusion act, limited the number of immigrants that could come into the country to 2% of the total number of people from there in the country.
Teapot Dome Scandel
a bribery that happened, let oil barons buy territory in oklahoma with a no bid contract.
Bonus Army
43000 marchers, mostly ww1 vets, who wanted their bonus during the great depression.
Reconstruction Finance Corp (RFC)
Hoover-sponsored federal agency that provided loans to hard-pressed banks and businesses after 1932
Agricultural Marketing Act
Established the farm loan board, which was a small act to help farmers before everything went to crap.
“Four Freedoms” Speech
A speech defining that U.S. is the good guys, we are fighting for ideal “human security”
- speech
- religion
- want
- from fear
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
Goal to develop Tennessee Valley region by building dams and power plants. Creating jobs, opportunity and electricity in an economically depressed region.
National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
Enforced Wagner/National Labor Relations Act. Judge fair labor standards
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
goal to beautify the nation, reduce hooliganism, get money to needy
“Arsenal of Democracy” Speech
FDR: “Preparedness,” promise to help Russians and British. Spend money to build up armaments for US and Allies. Promote U.S. jobs and cash flow of manufacturing.
Teheran Conference
1943: 1st 3-power conference w/Stalin. war against Japan; plan for international organization to keep peace
Japanese Internment
the placing of japanese americans into camps to prevent them from aiding japan and sabotaging the US. total dick move by us.
D-Day
the invasion of normandy by water from the allies. was the start of the second front.
