Unit 1: Important Groups Flashcards
Virginia Company
1606, 104 men and boys traveled by ship to Jamestown, Virginia. Chose leaders of colony without consulting natives. Settled in an ideal place for a fort where they were attacked by Indians rather than illness. Ineffective labor system that didn’t work for building a colony. They were greedy and focused on the search for gold, disregarded the priorities of farming and other necessities. John Smith took leadership. 1610 settlers who survived abandoned Virginia. New governor and people came with Baron De La Warr.
Quakers
People who believed in an extreme form of antinomianism. They saw no need for a learned ministry, one person’s interpretation of scripture was as valid as anyone else’s. Family belief system. Christian denomination. Belief that everyone could be saved. Very liberal about their views. George Fox successor (1624-1691).
Albany Congress
Meet of representatives from the northern 7 colonies: Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island. Met daily in Albany, NY with 150 Iroquois Chiefs from June 19th to July 11, 1754. Discussed better relations with the Indian tribes and common defensive measures against the French. Focused on treaties, before focus on creating America.
House of Burgesses
1618 promised an elective representative assembly which was the House of Burgesses, first legislative assembly in North America founded by the Virginia company with a focus on tobacco profits. This was an effort to encourage English craftsmen to settle in North America and to make conditions in the colony more agreeable for its current inhabitants.
Puritans
Condemned liquor and sex, dressed in drab clothes, minded their neighbors business. Men and women committed to far-reaching institutional change. Pointed out civil and ecclesiastical imperfections, urging everyone to try to fulfill commands of scripture. Protestant reformation, accepted Calvinist notion (Pre-determination) that omnipotent God predestined some people to salvation and damned other through eternity. Examined themselves fro signs of grace, hints that God placed them as his “elect.” Live according to Scripture, battle sin and eradicate corruption.
Pilgrims/Seperationists
English farmers began in 1600s in Scrooby Manor (Near London). Believed church of England retained too many traces of Catholic origin, rituals compromised God’s true believers. Formed own church called Separatists. Moved to Holland in 1608-1609 rather than compromised with the mandatory attendance at Anglican services. Sailed to America in 1617 because of heavy influence of Dutch.
Massachusetts Bay Company
Founder of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Puritans following John Winthrop created the company to fund their commercial venture of creating a colony. They left England to avoid the corruption of religion there.
Paxton Boys
A group of vigilantes murdered a score of Christian Indians, women and children, living near Lancaster, Pennsylvania. They were treated as heroes by whites. Threatened to march on Philadelphia in search of people who criticize such crimes. Ben Franklin stated Frontier People are Barbarians who continue to murder in a time of peace. Trouble accepting Indians into their society, racist.
