Unit 4: Alcohol

Question 1

L1: ____% of alcohol metabolism occurs in the liver.

Answer 1

90-98

Question 2

L1: 90% of Asian have increased ______ activity and decreased _______ activity, leading to accumulation of acetaldehyde.

Answer 2

Acohol dehydrogenase; aldehyde dehydrogenase

Question 3

L1: Accumulation of NADH leads to ____-glycemia

Answer 3

Hypoglycemia

Question 4

L1: Accumulation of NADH results in ____ uric acid excretion, causing _______.

Answer 4

decreased; gout attacks

Question 5

L1: Accumulation of NADH results in ______ blood lactate, causing _____-osis

Answer 5

increased; acidosis

Question 6

L1: Metabolic Pathway: ethanol > _____ (catalyzed by _______) > ________ (catalyzed by _______)

Answer 6

acetaldehyde; alcohol dehydrogenase; acetic acid; aldehyde dehydrogenase

Question 7

L1: The mechanism of action of alcohol intoxication involves _____ GABA transmission and ______ glutamate transmission

Answer 7

increased; decreased

Question 8

L1: Which BAC level? Emesis, stupor, respiratory depression, blackouts

Answer 8

0.20-0.30

Question 9

L1: Which BAC level? Impaired reaction time, impaired judgment, impaired driving ability, ataxia

Answer 9

0.05-0.08

Question 10

L1: Which BAC level? Loss of inhibition, excitement, incoordination, impaired judgment, impaired speech

Answer 10

0-0.05

Question 11

L1: Which BAC level? Staggering gait, inability to operate a motor vehicle

Answer 11

0.08-0.20

Question 12

L1: Which BAC level? Unconsciousness, severe respiratory and cardiovascular depression, death

Answer 12

> 0.30

Question 13

L2: ______ inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase to cause accumulation of acetaldehyde and its accompanying side effects

Answer 13

Disulfiram

Question 14

L2: ______ is an opioid antagonist that deceases alcohol craving, consumption, and relapse

Answer 14

Naltrexone

Question 15

L2: Accumulation of NADH results in _____ Acetyl-CoA, causing _____ fatty acid synthesis and ______ fat breakdown

Answer 15

increased; increased; decreased

Question 16

L2: Accumulation of NADH results in _____ Magnesium excretion, causing ______.

Answer 16

increased; convulsions

Question 17

L2: Alcohol is a vaso_____, conferring increased risk of _____thermia

Answer 17

dilator; hypothermia

Question 18

L2: Disulfiram inhibits ________.

Answer 18

aldehyde dehydrogenase

Question 19

L2: NMDA receptor drugs, such as ______, may produce some reduction in alcohol craving

Answer 19

Acamprosate

Question 20

L2: Which agents may be used to prevent hyperexcitability in Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome

Answer 20

BZDs, clonidine

Question 21

L2: While BAC is rising, alcohol decreases _____ secretion in the kidneys

Answer 21

ADH