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Neuro > Unit 2: Neurodegenerative Diseases > Flashcards

Unit 2: Neurodegenerative Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

L1: Delirium and/or Dementia? Chronic

A

Dementia

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2
Q

L1: Delirium and/or Dementia? Commonly reversible

A

Delirium

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3
Q

L1: Delirium and/or Dementia? Fluctuations in consciousness

A

Delirium

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4
Q

L1: Delirium and/or Dementia? Impaired attention

A

Delirium

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5
Q

L1: Delirium and/or Dementia? Impaired memory

A

Both

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6
Q

L1: Delirium and/or Dementia? Incoherent speech/aphasia

A

Both

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7
Q

L1: Delirium and/or Dementia? Persistent impairment in higher intellectual functions

A

Dementia

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8
Q

L1: Delirium and/or Dementia? Typically toxic or metabolic causes

A

Delirium

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9
Q

L1: Which neurodegenerative disease? Can result from mutations in ApoE4, presenilin-1, presenilin-2, or Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP)

A

Alzheimer’s Disease

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10
Q

L1: Which neurodegenerative disease? Formerly known as Pick’s Disease

A

Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD)

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11
Q

L1: Which neurodegenerative disease? Most common cause of dementia in older people

A

Alzheimer’s Disease

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12
Q

L1: Which neurodegenerative disease? Neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the cortex and hippocampus; cerebral atrophy

A

Alzheimer’s Disease

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13
Q

L1:Delirium and/or Dementia? Acute

A

Delirium

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14
Q

L2: What are the characteristic neuropathological features in Alzheimer’s Disease?

A

Neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles

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15
Q

L2: What are the characteristic neuropathological features in Parkinson Disease?

A

Lewy Bodies

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16
Q

L2: What brain site is primarily involved in Alzheimer’s Disease?

A

Cortex and hippocampus

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17
Q

L2: What brain site is primarily involved in Huntington Disease?

A

Caudate nucleus

18
Q

L2: What brain site is primarily involved in Parkinson Disease?

A

Substantia nigra

19
Q

L2: What drug is used to antagonize the NMDA receptor in treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease?

A

Memantine

20
Q

L2: What neurotransmitter is deficent in Alzheimer’s Disease?

A

Acetylcholine

21
Q

L2: What neurotransmitter is deficient in Parkinson Disease?

A

Dopamine

22
Q

L2: Which neurodegenerative disease? Abnormal tau protein metabolism

A

Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD)

23
Q

L2: Which neurodegenerative disease? Autosomal dominant inheritance of expanded CAG repeat

A

Huntington Disease

24
Q

L2: Which neurodegenerative disease? Caudate atrophy

A

Huntington Disease

25
Q

L2: Which neurodegenerative disease? Cortical dementia with behavioral changes more pronounced than memory loss

A

Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD)

26
Q

L2: Which neurodegenerative disease? Dementia and chorea, personality or behavioral changes also possible

A

Huntington Disease

27
Q

L2: Which neurodegenerative disease? Dementia, gait disorder, and urinary incontinence; enlarged ventricles; periventricular white matter primarily affected

A

Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

28
Q

L2: Which neurodegenerative disease? Dementia, parkonsonism, visual hallucinations, fluctuating confusion

A

Lewy Body Disease

29
Q

L2: Which neurodegenerative disease? Disinhibition, atrophy, and exectutive dysfunction; frequently misdiagnosed as a psychiatric disease

A

Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD)

30
Q

L2: Which neurodegenerative disease? Disturbances in synuclein

A

Parkinson Disease

31
Q

L2: Which neurodegenerative disease? Lewy Bodies in substantia nigra

A

Parkinson Disease

32
Q

L2: Which neurodegenerative disease? Loss of cholinergic cells in the basal forebrain

A

Alzheimer’s Disease

33
Q

L2: Which neurodegenerative disease? Rapidly progressive fatal dementia, presenting with confusion, psychotic features, and myoclonus

A

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease

34
Q

L2: Which neurodegenerative disease? Relative dopamine deficiency

A

Parkinson Disease

35
Q

L2: Which neurodegenerative disease? Repeated strokes that erode cognitive function and result in dementia

A

Multi-infarct Dementia

36
Q

L2: Which neurodegenerative disease? Resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, postural instability

A

Parkinson Disease

37
Q

L2: Which neurodegenerative disease? Vascular dementia in which longstanding hypertension leads to ischemia and lacunar infarction

A

Binswanger Disease

38
Q

L3: What acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are often used in treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease? (3)

A

Rivastigmine, donepezil, galantamone

39
Q

L3: What is the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease?

A

Deposition of amyloid

40
Q

L3: What is the pathogenesis of Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD)?

A

Abnormal tau protein metabolism

41
Q

L3: What is the pathogenesis of Parkinson Disease?

A

Disturbances in synuclein

42
Q

L3: What three categories of drugs may be used in treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease?

A

NMDA-antagonist, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, atypical antipsychotics

Neuro (40 decks)

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