Unit 1: General Concepts

Question 1

L1: ______ are capable of myelinating multiple neurons.

Answer 1

Oligodendrocytes

Question 2

L1: ______ are capable of myelinating only one neuron.

Answer 2

Schwann Cells

Question 3

L1: Which imaging modality? Measures small magnetic fields induced by electrical current flux

Answer 3

MEG

Question 4

L1: Which imaging modality? Measures the summation of electric potential changes in the cerebral cortex

Answer 4

EEG

Question 5

L1: Which imaging modality? Records EEG during a specific task or activity

Answer 5

Event-Evoked Potentials

Question 6

L1: Which type of glia? Arises embryologically outside the neural tube

Answer 6

Microglia

Question 7

L1: Which type of glia? Have foot processes that envelop all CNS blood vessels

Answer 7

Astrocyte

Question 8

L1: Which type of glia? Maintains ionic equilibrium by removing excess potassium that leaves cells during an action potential

Answer 8

Astrocyte

Question 9

L1: Which type of glia? Major phagocytic cells of the CNS

Answer 9

Microglia

Question 10

L1: Which type of glia? Myelinates axons in the CNS

Answer 10

Oligodendrocyte

Question 11

L1: Which type of glia? Myelinates axons in the PNS

Answer 11

Schwann Cell

Question 12

L1: Which type of glia? Play a role in maintaining the tight junctions of CNS endothelial cells

Answer 12

Astrocyte

Question 13

L1: Which type of glia? Serve as high reuptake systems for recycling neurotransmitters

Answer 13

Astrocyte

Question 14

L1:Gray or white matter? Cortex

Answer 14

Gray

Question 15

L2: _____ postulate: changes in neuronal circuitry occur via growth at synapses

Answer 15

Hebb’s

Question 16

L2: ______ acts on CNS arterioles to hyperpolarize the membrane and decrease vascular tone.

Answer 16

EET

Question 17

L2: ______ hydrocephalus is caused by blockage of CSF flow.

Answer 17

Non-communicating

Question 18

L2: ______ hydrocephalus is caused by inability of venus sinuses to resorb CSF

Answer 18

Communicating

Question 19

L2: An astrocyte metabolizes arachidonic acid to ________.

Answer 19

Epoxy-eicosatrienoic acid (EET)

Question 20

L2: Gray or white matter? Body

Answer 20

Gray

Question 21

L2: Gray or white matter? Fasciculus

Answer 21

White

Question 22

L2: Gray or white matter? Funinculus

Answer 22

White

Question 23

L2: Gray or white matter? Ganglion

Answer 23

Gray

Question 24

L2: Gray or white matter? Lemniscus

Answer 24

White

Question 25

L2: Gray or white matter? Nucleus

Answer 25

Gray

Question 26

L2: Gray or white matter? Peduncle

Answer 26

White

Question 27

L2: Gray or white matter? Tract

Answer 27

White

Question 28

L2: When an astrocyte takes up glutamate, it releases stores of ________.

Answer 28

Arachidonic Acid

Question 29

L2: Which imaging modality? Allows for imaging of the connectivity of the brain

Answer 29

Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI)

Question 30

L2: Which imaging modality? Directly measures the integrity of white matter tracts by using directionality of water diffusion in the brain

Answer 30

Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI)

Question 31

L2: Which imaging modality? Images changes in deoxyhemoglobin concentration associated with synaptic activity

Answer 31

fMRI

Question 32

L2: Which imaging modality? Involves injection of a radioactive tracer

Answer 32

PET

Question 33

L2: Which imaging modality? Records membrane properties by placing needles or a surface electrode into muscle tissue

Answer 33

Electromyography (EMG)

Question 34

L2: Which scientist? Determined synapses mediate communication between neurons

Answer 34

Sherrington

Question 35

L2: Which scientist? Determined that neurons make up brain circuits.

Answer 35

Cajal

Question 36

L2: Which scientist? Learning results from changes in the strength of the synapses of interconnected neurons.

Answer 36

Kandel

Question 37

L2: Which type of glia? Upregulates molecules that inhibit axonal outgrowth following trauma

Answer 37

Oligodendrocyte