Unit 3: Vision and Eye Movements

Question 1

L1: “Off”-center ganglion cells are ______ when light is shined in the center of their receptive fields.

Answer 1

inhibited

Question 2

L1: “On”-center ganglion cells are ______ when light is shined in the center of their receptive fields.

Answer 2

excited

Question 3

L1: At the optic chiasm, the _____ half of the axons decussate.

Answer 3

Medial

Question 4

L1: Bipolar cells always supply _____ input to ganglion cells

Answer 4

excitatory

Question 5

L1: Color information is processed in the ____ of hypercolumns in the cortex.

Answer 5

Blobs

Question 6

L1: Damage to the MLF results in _______, in which there is loss of coordination between contralateral medial and lateral recti.

Answer 6

Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia (INO)

Question 7

L1: In the LGN layers _____ comprise the magnocellular system.

Answer 7

1/2/2015

Question 8

L1: In the LGN layers _____ comprise the parvocellular system.

Answer 8

3, 4, 5, 6

Question 9

L1: INO can be distinguished from other neural problems or medial recti problems if _____ is intact.

Answer 9

vergence

Question 10

L1: Photoreceptors are ____-polarized when they receive light.

Answer 10

hyper

Question 11

L1: Saccades are driven _____-laterally

Answer 11

contra-

Question 12

L1: What type of cell? Cells found at the border of ocular dominance columns

Answer 12

Binocular

Question 13

L1: What type of cell? Maps a receptive field shape corresponding to a narrow line with specific orientation.

Answer 13

Simple

Question 14

L1: What type of cell? Mediates depth perception, receives input from both eyes

Answer 14

Binocular

Question 15

L1: What type of cell? Receptive fields that abstract for position such that a line/edge can be identified anywhere in the visual field

Answer 15

Complex

Question 16

L1: What type of cell? Useful for seeing movement in the visual field

Answer 16

Complex

Question 17

L2: _____ frontal eye field activates the _____ abducens nucleus resulting in a left saccade.

Answer 17

Right; left

Question 18

L2: _____ frontal eye field activates the _____ abducens nucleus resulting in a right saccade.

Answer 18

Left; right

Question 19

L2: _____: rhythmic pattern of saccades and tracking movements that occurs when watching objects go by in a car, for example

Answer 19

optokinetic nystagmus

Question 20

L2: Ganglion cells synapse at the ______, which sends optic radiations to the visual cortex.

Answer 20

LGN

Question 21

L2: Horizontal cells are ______ by neurotransmitter release from photoreceptors, such that shining light on the receptive field _____ horizontal cells.

Answer 21

excited; inhibits

Question 22

L2: Horizontal cells project to nearby photoreceptors to supply _____ input.

Answer 22

inhibitory

Question 23

L2: In the LGN, layers _____ receive input from the contralateral eye

Answer 23

1/4/2006

Question 24

L2: In the LGN, layers _____ receive input from the ipsilateral eye

Answer 24

2/3/2005

Question 25

L2: Lesion in the ______ decreases the accuracy of saccades

Answer 25

Superior colliculus

Question 26

L2: Lesion in the ______ generates temporary loss of ability to make saccades.

Answer 26

Frontal Eye Field

Question 27

L2: The Frontal Eye Field activates saccades via ______ or _______.

Answer 27

reticular formation, superior colliculus (to reticular formation)

Question 28

L2: The magnocellular system invovles ____ receptive fields and ____ acuity.

Answer 28

large; low

Question 29

L2: The parvocellular system involves ____ receptive fields and ____ acuity.

Answer 29

small; high

Question 30

L2: What is the pattern generator for saccades?

Answer 30

Paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF)

Question 31

L2: Which system in the LGN responds to color?

Answer 31

parvocellular

Question 32

L2: Which system in the LGN responds to emotion?

Answer 32

magnocellular