Unit 3: Vestibular System, Aphasia, and Otology Flashcards
L1: _____ detect angular acceleration
Semicircular Canals
L1: _____ detect linear acceleration.
Otolith organs
L1: ______ is a tumor type that is the most common neoplastic cause of hearing loss
vestibular Schwannoma/acoustic neuroma
L1: _____: the swelling at the end of a semicircular canal.
Ampulla
L1: In conductive hear loss, the minimum audible sound level is _____ for air conduction and ____ for bone conduction.
decreased; normal
L1: In most people, language is lateralized to the _____ hemisphere.
left
L1: Otolith organs (2)
Saccule, utricle
L1: Speech is _____ but not ______ for language.
necessary; sufficient
L1: The ____ in the ampulla contains sensory hair cells.
crista
L1: The hair cells project into a gel-like substance called the _____.
cupula
L1: What is the fluency of spontaneous speech and quality of comprehension in global aphasia?
Nonfluent; poor
L1: What pathologic pattern? Disorder of speech due to motor system involvement
Dysarthria
L1: What pathologic pattern? Lack of speech due to anarthria, aphonia, aphasia, or psychiatric disease
Mutism
L1: What pathologic pattern? Progressive hearing loss and decreased ability to understand supra-threshold speech due to degenerative physiologic changes
Presbycusis
L1: What pathologic pattern? Voice disorder related to laryngeal disease
Dysphonia
L2: ______: expansion of the endolymphatic compartment of the ear; associated with ________
Endolymphatic Hydrops; Meniere’s Disease
L2: Characteristics of Broca’s aphasia, Wernicke’s aphasia, conduction aphasia, and global aphasia (2)
Poor repetition, Poor naming
L2: Gaze control is driven by neurons departing from the ______ and _____ vestibular nuclei ascending via the ______.
Medial, superior; medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF)
L2: In the saccule, the axes of polarity are oriented such that they point ____ the striola
from
L2: In the utricle, the axes of polarity are oriented such that they point ____ the striola
toward
L2: Mutation in _______ is the most common cause of non-syndromic deafness.
Connexin 26
L2: Postural reflexes are driven by neurons departing from the _____ vestibular nucleus via the ______.
Lateral; Lateral vestibulospinal tract
L2: Postural reflexes receive afferent vestibular information from the ______.
urtricle
L2: Treatment for ototoxic hearing loss.
Corticosteroids and antioxidants
L2: Vestibular nerves have cell bodies in _____ and synapse in the ______.
scarpa’s ganglion; vestibular nuclei
L2: What is the fluency of spontaneous speech and quality of comprehension in Broca’s aphasia?
Nonfluent; good
L2: What is the fluency of spontaneous speech and quality of comprehension in conduction aphasia?
Fluent; good
L2: What is the fluency of spontaneous speech and quality of comprehension in Wernicke’s aphasia?
Fluent; poor
L3: Mechanisms of Sensorineural Hearing Loss (3)
Hair cell loss, Endolymphatic hydrops, Loss of endocochlear potential
L4: Causes of hair cell loss (4)
Presbycusis, noise trauma, ototoxicity, genetic predisposition
