Unit 3: Vestibular System, Aphasia, and Otology

Question 1

L1: _____ detect angular acceleration

Answer 1

Semicircular Canals

Question 2

L1: _____ detect linear acceleration.

Answer 2

Otolith organs

Question 3

L1: ______ is a tumor type that is the most common neoplastic cause of hearing loss

Answer 3

vestibular Schwannoma/acoustic neuroma

Question 4

L1: _____: the swelling at the end of a semicircular canal.

Answer 4

Ampulla

Question 5

L1: In conductive hear loss, the minimum audible sound level is _____ for air conduction and ____ for bone conduction.

Answer 5

decreased; normal

Question 6

L1: In most people, language is lateralized to the _____ hemisphere.

Answer 6

left

Question 7

L1: Otolith organs (2)

Answer 7

Saccule, utricle

Question 8

L1: Speech is _____ but not ______ for language.

Answer 8

necessary; sufficient

Question 9

L1: The ____ in the ampulla contains sensory hair cells.

Answer 9

crista

Question 10

L1: The hair cells project into a gel-like substance called the _____.

Answer 10

cupula

Question 11

L1: What is the fluency of spontaneous speech and quality of comprehension in global aphasia?

Answer 11

Nonfluent; poor

Question 12

L1: What pathologic pattern? Disorder of speech due to motor system involvement

Answer 12

Dysarthria

Question 13

L1: What pathologic pattern? Lack of speech due to anarthria, aphonia, aphasia, or psychiatric disease

Answer 13

Mutism

Question 14

L1: What pathologic pattern? Progressive hearing loss and decreased ability to understand supra-threshold speech due to degenerative physiologic changes

Answer 14

Presbycusis

Question 15

L1: What pathologic pattern? Voice disorder related to laryngeal disease

Answer 15

Dysphonia

Question 16

L2: ______: expansion of the endolymphatic compartment of the ear; associated with ________

Answer 16

Endolymphatic Hydrops; Meniere’s Disease

Question 17

L2: Characteristics of Broca’s aphasia, Wernicke’s aphasia, conduction aphasia, and global aphasia (2)

Answer 17

Poor repetition, Poor naming

Question 18

L2: Gaze control is driven by neurons departing from the ______ and _____ vestibular nuclei ascending via the ______.

Answer 18

Medial, superior; medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF)

Question 19

L2: In the saccule, the axes of polarity are oriented such that they point ____ the striola

Answer 19

from

Question 20

L2: In the utricle, the axes of polarity are oriented such that they point ____ the striola

Answer 20

toward

Question 21

L2: Mutation in _______ is the most common cause of non-syndromic deafness.

Answer 21

Connexin 26

Question 22

L2: Postural reflexes are driven by neurons departing from the _____ vestibular nucleus via the ______.

Answer 22

Lateral; Lateral vestibulospinal tract

Question 23

L2: Postural reflexes receive afferent vestibular information from the ______.

Answer 23

urtricle

Question 24

L2: Treatment for ototoxic hearing loss.

Answer 24

Corticosteroids and antioxidants

Question 25

L2: Vestibular nerves have cell bodies in _____ and synapse in the ______.

Answer 25

scarpa’s ganglion; vestibular nuclei

Question 26

L2: What is the fluency of spontaneous speech and quality of comprehension in Broca’s aphasia?

Answer 26

Nonfluent; good

Question 27

L2: What is the fluency of spontaneous speech and quality of comprehension in conduction aphasia?

Answer 27

Fluent; good

Question 28

L2: What is the fluency of spontaneous speech and quality of comprehension in Wernicke’s aphasia?

Answer 28

Fluent; poor

Question 29

L3: Mechanisms of Sensorineural Hearing Loss (3)

Answer 29

Hair cell loss, Endolymphatic hydrops, Loss of endocochlear potential

Question 30

L4: Causes of hair cell loss (4)

Answer 30

Presbycusis, noise trauma, ototoxicity, genetic predisposition