Unit 1: Peripheral Nerve Disorders and NMJ Pharmacology

Question 1

L1: Name a Clostridium toxin that causes flaccid paralysis

Answer 1

botulinum toxin

Question 2

L1: Type of channel opened during fast excitation

Answer 2

Non-selective cation (NSC)

Question 3

L1: Type of channel opened during fast inhibition

Answer 3

Chloride

Question 4

L1: What pathologic process? Calf pseudohypertrophy, Gower’s maneuver

Answer 4

Duchenne Dystrophy

Question 5

L1: What pathologic process? Most common cause of neuropathy in the western world

Answer 5

Diabetic Neuropathy

Question 6

L1: What pathologic process? Serum antibodies to the ACh receptor on muscle cells

Answer 6

Myasthenia Gravis

Question 7

L2: Mechanism of Action of Black Widow Spider Venom

Answer 7

Form pore in presynaptic membrane to increase ACh release at the NMJ

Question 8

L2: Mechanism of action of botulinum toxin

Answer 8

Cleave synaptobrevin and inhibit release of ACh at the NMJ

Question 9

L2: Mechanism of action of curare

Answer 9

Blocks ACh receptors on muscle fibers

Question 10

L2: Mechanism of action of tetanus toxin

Answer 10

Cleave synaptobrevin and inhibit release of inhibitory neurotransmitters in the CNS

Question 11

L2: Name a drug that can be used to regenerate AChE following exposure to organophosphates that act as AChEIs

Answer 11

Pralidoxime

Question 12

L2: Name a NMJ depolarizing antagonist

Answer 12

Succinylcholine

Question 13

L2: Site of action for botulinum toxin

Answer 13

NMJ synapses

Question 14

L2: Site of action for tetanus toxin

Answer 14

CNS

Question 15

L2: What pathologic process? ______ disorder with mutations in dystrophin

Answer 15

X-linked; Duchenne/Becker Dystrophy

Question 16

L2: What pathologic process? Antibody to voltage-gated calcium channels on the motor neuron

Answer 16

Myasthenic Syndrome

Question 17

L2: What pathologic process? Distal weakness and sensory loss due to demyelination

Answer 17

Charcot-Marie-Tooth

Question 18

L2: What pathologic process? Foot drop gait, burning dysesthesias in feet spreading up the legs

Answer 18

Diabetic Neuropathy

Question 19

L2: What pathologic process? Initially presents as foot drop, hand deformity, fasciculations, and asymmetric limb weakness

Answer 19

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Question 20

L2: What pathologic process? Nerve tissue appears fibrotic and degenerative

Answer 20

Duchenne Dystrophy

Question 21

L2: What pathologic process? Progressive kyphoscoliosis and contractures

Answer 21

Duchenne Dystrophy

Question 22

L2: What pathologic process? Protuberant abdomen from lumbar lordosis, clumsy/waddling gait

Answer 22

Duchenne Dystrophy

Question 23

L2: What pathologic process? Results from a defect in PMP22

Answer 23

Charcot-Marie-Tooth 1A

Question 24

L2: What pathologic process? Sclerosis and demyelination of lateral corticospinal tract

Answer 24

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Question 25

L2: What pathologic process? Vast majority of cases are sporadic; death average of 3-4 years after diagnosis

Answer 25

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Question 26

L3: Name 3 NMJ nondepolarizing antagonists.

Answer 26

atracurium, rocuronium, curare