Unit 1: Peripheral Nerve Disorders and NMJ Pharmacology Flashcards
L1: Name a Clostridium toxin that causes flaccid paralysis
botulinum toxin
L1: Type of channel opened during fast excitation
Non-selective cation (NSC)
L1: Type of channel opened during fast inhibition
Chloride
L1: What pathologic process? Calf pseudohypertrophy, Gower’s maneuver
Duchenne Dystrophy
L1: What pathologic process? Most common cause of neuropathy in the western world
Diabetic Neuropathy
L1: What pathologic process? Serum antibodies to the ACh receptor on muscle cells
Myasthenia Gravis
L2: Mechanism of Action of Black Widow Spider Venom
Form pore in presynaptic membrane to increase ACh release at the NMJ
L2: Mechanism of action of botulinum toxin
Cleave synaptobrevin and inhibit release of ACh at the NMJ
L2: Mechanism of action of curare
Blocks ACh receptors on muscle fibers
L2: Mechanism of action of tetanus toxin
Cleave synaptobrevin and inhibit release of inhibitory neurotransmitters in the CNS
L2: Name a drug that can be used to regenerate AChE following exposure to organophosphates that act as AChEIs
Pralidoxime
L2: Name a NMJ depolarizing antagonist
Succinylcholine
L2: Site of action for botulinum toxin
NMJ synapses
L2: Site of action for tetanus toxin
CNS
L2: What pathologic process? ______ disorder with mutations in dystrophin
X-linked; Duchenne/Becker Dystrophy
L2: What pathologic process? Antibody to voltage-gated calcium channels on the motor neuron
Myasthenic Syndrome
L2: What pathologic process? Distal weakness and sensory loss due to demyelination
Charcot-Marie-Tooth
L2: What pathologic process? Foot drop gait, burning dysesthesias in feet spreading up the legs
Diabetic Neuropathy
L2: What pathologic process? Initially presents as foot drop, hand deformity, fasciculations, and asymmetric limb weakness
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
L2: What pathologic process? Nerve tissue appears fibrotic and degenerative
Duchenne Dystrophy
L2: What pathologic process? Progressive kyphoscoliosis and contractures
Duchenne Dystrophy
L2: What pathologic process? Protuberant abdomen from lumbar lordosis, clumsy/waddling gait
Duchenne Dystrophy
L2: What pathologic process? Results from a defect in PMP22
Charcot-Marie-Tooth 1A
L2: What pathologic process? Sclerosis and demyelination of lateral corticospinal tract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
L2: What pathologic process? Vast majority of cases are sporadic; death average of 3-4 years after diagnosis
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
L3: Name 3 NMJ nondepolarizing antagonists.
atracurium, rocuronium, curare
