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9th grade > Unit 1 bio > Flashcards

Unit 1 bio Flashcards

1
Q

the 8 charccterostocs of life

A

be able to reporduce, maintain homeostais, grow and develop, be able to evolve, react to stumli, have genetic code, requre food and energy, made up of cells

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2
Q

what are the levels of organization

A

atom, molecule, macromolecule, cell,tissue,organ, organ system, organism, pouplation, community, ecosystem, biosphere

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3
Q

Eukaryotic cells

A

are in both plant and animal cells. Has membrane bound organells, nucleus and is more complex. Have linear DNA

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4
Q

prokaryotic cell

A

only in bacteria. Has no nucleus, or membrane bound organes, simple. Has circular DNA

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5
Q

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have

A

cell membrane also known as plasma membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, and Riobosomes, and cell wall

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6
Q

what are the biomolecuels

A

proteins, carbohydrates, lipids (fats), and nucleic acids

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7
Q

what are biomolecules also known as

A

polymers

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8
Q

carbohydrates

A
  • end in ose
  • found in sugars bread, pasta, fruit
  • has the elements CHO
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9
Q

carbs function and monomer

A
  • used for short term energy
  • used for sucturl support
  • the monomer is sugar, monosccharide, and glucose
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10
Q

carbs found in what organ

A

mitochondira, chlorplast, and cell wall

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11
Q

proteins

A
  • found in meat, eggs, dairy, nuts
  • Has the elements CHON
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12
Q

Proteins function and monomers

A
  • seeps up chemical reaction through enzymes
    -trasports molecules in and out of cells
  • Builds and repairs framework of cells
  • Helps with cell communcation
  • Defends againts pathogens as anitbodies
  • the monomer is amono acids
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13
Q

proteins what organ

A
  • made by the ribosomes
  • does transportaion through cell membrane
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14
Q

Nucleic Acids

A
  • found in no other foods cell must make it
  • Has CHONP
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15
Q

Nucleic Acids function and mmonomers

A
  • DNA : stores gentic info
  • RNA : driectly codes for DNA
    ATP: cellular energy carrier
  • monomer is nucleotide
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16
Q

nucleic acids found where

A
  • nucleus
  • ATP found everywhere in the cell and also mitochondria
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17
Q

lipids

A
  • found in foods such as oils, wax, and fats
  • Has CHO
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18
Q

lipds function and monomers

A
  • makes up cell membrane
  • stores long term energy
  • monomer is fatty acid and 1 glycercol
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19
Q

lipds found where

A

cell membrane

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20
Q

catabolic/ Hydrolysis reaction

A

breaks down large molecules

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21
Q

Anabolic/synthesis reaction

A

Building new compounds

22
Q

enezyms

A

are catalysts meaning that they speed up chemical reactions . They speed of chemical reaction my lowerd the activation energy. They do not get used up in reaction and are very spcific to each cell.

23
Q

substrate

A

thing that binds with enzyme

24
Q

enzyme- substrate complex

A

when the substrate temporaily fits inot the enzyme

25
Q

prosuct

A

the end result of the reaction

26
Q

active site

A

the area where the substrate fits

27
Q

lock and key model

A

the substrate fits perfectly into the active site

28
Q

induced fit model

A

when substrate bids with enzyme and makes subtle changes to active site. the change is the induced fit.

29
Q

enzymes can be affected by

A

temperature, PH, and concentration

30
Q

denatured

A

when the enzyme loose the shape of the active site

31
Q

temperature and enzyems

A
  • low temps cause low colossions wich create reactions
  • High temps will increase collions but too high will amke enzyme denatured.
32
Q

pH and enzymes

A

they wokr best in naturl ph naturl is 7

33
Q

competive inhibiton

A

the CI is in the active site not allowing the substrate to lock so the change does not occur

34
Q

non-competitive inhibition

A

when a molecue binds with an enzyme some place else other than the active site however this changes the shape of the active site so the change does not occur.

35
Q

virus

A
  • are not living because
  • reproduce only wiht host, no growth and development, does not metabolize, and des not have a response to environment.
36
Q

endosymbiotic theroy

A

1) the pro cell enguls the plsma membraen to create the ER
2) edosymbiosis coccues where the aerobic bactera changes to mitocondria ] is the EC animl cell
3) then take sits potosynthetic bacteria for choloplasts creating the plant EC

37
Q

nucleus

A
  • has info for cell function
  • Has DNA and how to build proteins
38
Q

endoplasmic reticulm

A
  • passages that transport materials
  • ## assembels proteins and lipids
39
Q

golgi bodies

A
  • ## packs materials to be sent and recieved
40
Q

chloroplasts

A

organells that capture solr energy
- use sunlight to mke glucose makes ATP

41
Q

Mitochondria

A
  • converts sugars and releases energy ATP
    maintians homeostasis
42
Q

vacule

A

sotes food water and nutirents

43
Q

lysomes

A

has enzymes that break down food and wates materials

44
Q

cell membrane

A
  • protects cell and allows nutres to come through , regulates transportation
45
Q

cell wall

A

provides shape for plant cells

46
Q

ribosomes

A

site of protien synthesis

47
Q

what is the differnece between pouplation and community

A

pouplation is a group of animals that are the same species. But community is a groups of many differnt species and living things.

48
Q

what do most enzymes end in

A

they end in -ase

49
Q

biomolecules come from which orginic compound

A

carbon

50
Q

what are carbs the primarly source of

A

energy

51
Q

what are phosoplipids made out of

A

lipids

9th grade (55 decks)

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