bio unit 5 vocab Flashcards
study of the relationships of living things to their environment
ecology
a group of individuals of the same species
population
populations of different species interacting in an area
community
symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit
mutualism
living things within an ecosystem
biotic factors
organism that eats plants and animals
omnivore
organisms that break down dead tissues and return the nutrients back into the soil
decomposer
natural situation in which heat is retained by a layer in the atmosphere
greenhouse effect
process by which atmospheric nitrogen is fixed and incorporated by plants
nitrogen fixation
interconnected food chains within an ecosystem
food web
the cycle of a carbon atom as it flows through the biotic and abiotic parts by processes such as combustion, photosynthesis, respiration,
carbon cycle
vascular tissue that transports sugars and amino acids dissolved in water from the leaves to the different parts of the plant
phloem
anther, filament, male reproductive structure of the flower
stamen
organisms that eats only producers
herbivore
large geographic area of similar climate and life forms
biome
animal that eats only meat
carnivore
become the seeds
ovules
portion of earth that supports life
biosphere
feeding level with an ecosystem
trophic level
symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed
parasitism
vascular tissue that transports water and minerals up the roots to the rest of the plants utilizing the transpiration pull
xylem
plants with flowers, seeds in fruits, vascular tissue
angiosperms
symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits & one is not affected
commensalism
non living parts of an ecosystem that play a role in the survival of biotic factors
abiotic factor
stigma, style, ovary; female reproductive structure of the flower
pistil
becomes the fleshy fruit
ovary
plant response and growth towards light controlled by the hormone auxin
phototropism
opening for exchange of gases in leaves, also a site for loss of water loss
stomata
the transfer of pollen from the male anther to the female stigma
pollination
have vascular tissue of xylem and phloem to conduct water and sugars
vascular plant
attractive structures that holds the seeds and help disperse them
fruit
sticky part of female pistil for the pollen to fall on
stigma
plant response to touch
thigmotropism
early growth stage of a seed when seedling grows
germination
response of a plant shoot to grow away from gravity and root to grow towards gravity - due to hormone auxin
gravitropism
do not have vascular tissue of xylem and phloem such as moss
non-vascular plant
an increase or accumulation in toxic pollutants such as the pesticide DDT as they goes up the food chain
Biomagnification
when water evaporates from the stomata in the leaves of a plant, water is pulled up through the xylem to replace what was lost.
Transpiration pull
A reproductive process that involves only one parent and NO gametes and produces offspring that are identical to the parent.
asexual reproduction
a plants growth response to water; plant grows towards the water
Hydrotropism
The ability of an ecosystem to survive and maintain a balance among the organisms; depends on high biodiversity.
Ecosystem Stability/Resilience
The amount of biological or living diversity of all organisms per unit area. It includes species diversity, habitat diversity and genetic diversity.
Biodiversity
rapid growth of algae encouraged by too many nutrients like nitrates in the water due to runoff from agriculture or excess sedimentation that causes depletion of oxygen for other organisms and dead zones
Algal blooms
species that enter new ecosystems and multiply, harming native species and their habitats
Invasive species
The removal of trees faster than forests can replace themselves resulting in disruption in carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, loss of biodiversity, and habitat loss
deforestation
Burning of fossil fuels and wood, releasing energy carbon dioxide.
Combustion
In plants, When the pollen from male stamens reaches the ovule in female ovary to form a ripened ovary , the fruit with seeds
fertilization in plants
