bio unit 1 vocab Flashcards
cell without a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
prokaryote
energy required for a chemical reaction to occur in a cell
activation energy
breaks down glucose(sugar) to make chemical energy ATP for the cell.
mitochondria
found in plants, bacteria, algae, and fungi and aids in support and protection
cell wall
structure that surrounds all cells and regulates what goes in and out
cell membrane
group that is used to compare and is in the most natural setting
control
states all life is made of cells, cells are units of structure and function of life, cells come from pre-existing cells
cell theory
rod shaped structures that carry genetic information
chromosome
organelles for packaging and shipping of cellular proteins and materials
golgi apparatus
membrane around the nucleus
nuclear envelope
control and directs all cellular activities because it houses the DNA
nucleus
membrmembrane bound parts of cells that perform different functions for the cell, found in the cytoplasmane bound parts of cells that perform different functions for the cell, found in the cytoplasm
organelle
cell with a nucleus and membrane bound organelle
eukaryote
site of protein synthesis
ribosome
substance that increases the efficiency of a chemical reaction
catalyst
a solution with pH below 7
acid
organelle where photosynthesis occurs
chloroplast
a solution with pH more than 7
base
gel like substance in a cell that holds all organelles
cytoplasm
system of channels to transport proteins and materials
endoplasm reticulum
variable that responds and is observed/measured
dependent variable
variable that is changed in the experiment; that is being tested
independent variable
single sugar molecule, monomer of Carbohydrates
monosaccharide
many sugar molecules
polysaccharide
Builds muscle made up of amino acids
protein
all of the chemical reactions that occur in the body
metabolism
biological molecule that speeds up a chemical reaction
enzyme
used to store food and water
vacuole
contain enzymes, breakdown cell wastes and debris
lysosome
found in nucleus makes ribosomes
nucleolus
Compound that is made of C, H, and O
carbohydrates
macromolecule made up of nucleotides, and elements C,H,O,N,P
nucleic acid
non-cellular infectious particle with genetic material surrounded by a protein covering
virus
have fatty acids and store long term energy
lipids
