hum geo unit 3 Flashcards
culture
comprised of shared practices, technologies, attitudes and behaviors trasmitted by a society
Folk culture
practiced by small homogenous, rurl, close kint group, which lives in isolaiton. Like Amish. Smaller sclae, through relaction dffusion. Has isolation form other cultures, tradition contrals. has restistance to chage. Anonymos origins and diffuses only through MIGRATION
local culture
a group in a place that sees itself as a community that shares experices, customs, and traits that distinguish from others. wants to hold on to their culture.
cultural lag
when pop culture is behind
pouplar culture
found in large heterogenous society that shares habits despite differences. changes over time, is more urban. The wide distribution, hosing stypes, and comrcilized foods create sense of placelessss
material culture
the physical objects in a culture, food, clothing, arts
Carl Sauer
cultural landscape
non material cultural
aspects of culture you can not touch, like language and religion
jew food taboos
only eat animlas tht chew cud, have cloven fee, cant mix meat and milk, only eat fish with fins or scales, and food has to be kosher
muslim food taboos
no pork or alcohol
hidndo food taboo
no cows
folk music and coloting
music : trasmited orally, content events on daily life
cloting: stlye developed for farming
.
folk architecture
agricultural such as fields, terraces, grain stroage, and dwellings
placeless ness
created by popculture
bungalow
sing story with dormer windows, veradndas shade house, dark inside, more expensive. Made for hot places, has windows where the wind blows, and has a shaded porch.
single pile
a row of rooms. Has a lip on roof so that snow /rain can fall off
doubel pile.
two rows of rooms, chimminy at the 2 ends. built for cold enviornmens
ranch house
usal single soty house, wide, opean, long roofline.
how are local cultures sustained?
Assimilation policies : force poeple to adopt dominat cultures.
Has customs
preseve boundaries to keep other cultures out
avoding cultural appropiation, and has a sense of place
cultural appropriation
where you take on an aspect of another culture and make money off of it and not helping the other group.
rural local cultures
isolation, has common economic activities.
urban loca cultures
ethnic enclaves within citires. Like hadici Jews, they stick to themselves they do not what he spreqad of pop culture to their childern.
- creates a space to practice customs
commodification
process of making something that was not previously bought and sold a commodity in the marketplace.
Distance decay
more interaction between closer places that between more distant places
3 hearths of popculture
Japan, South Korea, America
reterritorializatio
when you take a pop culture trait and you reproduce it with the context of your own culure
diffusion of the internet
in the 20th century with hierarchical diffusion. The Tv influuenced these veiws on people. upward social mobility, freedom for woman, glorification of youth, stylized violence.
limiting tv
some govermnts limit what is shown on thier tv’s.
poliical content : opposition to local gov
soical content : socially senitive material
conflict anf security : armed conflict, border disputes, millitant groups
internet tools : emails, internet hosting, and internet search
problems with globilization
often destorys folk culture or preserves traditions as musums visits.
religon
a system of belifs atempted to order life by percieved supernatural forces. It creates place of worship, teaches moral guidelines, and laws and creats belif about after life.
mothesim
belif in one god
polytheism
belif in multiple gods
animisim
belif that inaimate objects and animlas have sprits and conscious life. Can often be called traditional languages.
cosmology
belif in the origins of the universe
comparitive cosmology
Are universilizig creation stories often attepted to explin the mystical
Ethinic religions
religions are tied to a physical place, DO NOT SEEK CONVERSTS, stories and events based on nature. EX. Hidisim and Jusaism
universilizig religions
Activily seeking converts and thir creation stories sttempt to explain mystical or things that can not be proven by sicence. EX. Islam, Crstianity
2 types of claenders
Ethinic calenders : end to focus on climate, season, and importiant harvests
Comparitive calenders : universilizing calenders tend to focus on important events in the founders life.
sacred spaces
belifs abotu where to worship or bury the dead
Ccared places
belifs abotu where importnat events occured
cultural reliavism
evualtion of another culture by that culture’s own standrad
centripetal forces
when language, religion, and ethnicity bring people together
centrifugal forces
when language, religion, and ethnicity drive people apart
literary tradition
refers to a system of written communication
standard language
a language that is pu listed widely distributed and purposefully taught
Backward reconstruction
Tracking sound shifts and the hardening of consonants backward to reveal an original language - to determine where languages can come from
to recreate ancient languages you need deep reconstruction
Kurgan Hearth Theory
nomadic, the spread the indo european language families, present day border between Kazakhstan and Russia
Anatolian Hearth Theory
moved the indo european from Preston day Turkey
language divergence
breakup of a language into dialects in the new languages from lack of interaction among speakers
language convergence
when people with different languages have consistent interaction and their languages blend into one. How English came to be
accent vs Dialect
accent is the pronunciation and dialect is the word choice that a person uses
Very oldest language family
Nostratic language
how are the word’s languages organized
families then branches then groups
map where is afra-Asitic spoken
northern africa
map where is korean spoken
korea
map whre is japnanese spoken
japan
map where is Niger-Congo spoken
southrn africa
map where is Sino-Tibetan spoken
china around tha area
most used language
madrin
Lingua Franca
its a language used for the purpose of trade between speakers of 2 different languages. English and Swahili are most common.
subcatgories in the indo european branch
Germanic branch, Indo- Iranian branch, Balto Slavic branch, Romance branch
Morden English has evolved from 3 Germanic tribes
angels which came from southern Denmark, Jutes from Northern Denmark, and Saxons which came from northwestern Germany.
English diffusion
diffused to the western hemisphere with colonization
need to knows about belgium
compact state because it is small, so it have a unitary government
Southern Belgians ( Walloons) speak French
North Belgians ( Flemings ) speak Flemish
sooo
so then conflict accrued, so Belgium trickled down power to the Walloons and Flemings so that they can make their own decision. Develoution.
ebonics
is a dialect spoken by Africans who wanted to communicate without their white asters knowing.
Pidgin language
a language created when people combine parts of 2 or more languages into a simplified one. Like Spanglish, taglish
reveiw of terms
Official language
standard
Lingua Franca
Pidgin
form for government
purposefully taught
When people speak 2 different languages. Languages use a language for the purpose of trade
simplifying the language that is meshed together
Creole language
a pidgin language that has developed a more complex structure and vocabulary and has. Become the native language of a group of people. Ex: Haitian Creole
the english language
has diffused through colonization and imperiliism. it is the most dominat language in the internet.
Monolingual state
country only has one language
Multilingual state
Country speaks more then one language
Toponym :
place name. Imparts a certain character on a place, reflects the social process in a place, Can give a glimpse of the history of a place.
Major reasons people change toponyms
fter decolonization, after a political revolution, to commodify ( selling some that was not meant to be sold) or brand a place, to memorialize people or events.
chritsnay hearth and how it was diffused
hearth jurulism
relocation, hierarchal, and contagious
Islam hearth and how it was diifused
hearth saudi arribia
diffused throgh relocation and contagious
buddhism hearth and how it was diifused
nepal
relaaction and contagious
sikhism hearth and how it was diifused
south ais
contagious and relocation
hinduism hearth and how it was diifused
indus river vally
expansion and relocation
judaism hearth and how it was diifused
jeruslam
relaction
