hum geo unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

culture

A

comprised of shared practices, technologies, attitudes and behaviors trasmitted by a society

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2
Q

Folk culture

A

practiced by small homogenous, rurl, close kint group, which lives in isolaiton. Like Amish. Smaller sclae, through relaction dffusion. Has isolation form other cultures, tradition contrals. has restistance to chage. Anonymos origins and diffuses only through MIGRATION

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3
Q

local culture

A

a group in a place that sees itself as a community that shares experices, customs, and traits that distinguish from others. wants to hold on to their culture.

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4
Q

cultural lag

A

when pop culture is behind

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5
Q

pouplar culture

A

found in large heterogenous society that shares habits despite differences. changes over time, is more urban. The wide distribution, hosing stypes, and comrcilized foods create sense of placelessss

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6
Q

material culture

A

the physical objects in a culture, food, clothing, arts

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7
Q

Carl Sauer

A

cultural landscape

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8
Q

non material cultural

A

aspects of culture you can not touch, like language and religion

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9
Q

jew food taboos

A

only eat animlas tht chew cud, have cloven fee, cant mix meat and milk, only eat fish with fins or scales, and food has to be kosher

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10
Q

muslim food taboos

A

no pork or alcohol

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11
Q

hidndo food taboo

A

no cows

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12
Q

folk music and coloting

A

music : trasmited orally, content events on daily life

cloting: stlye developed for farming

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13
Q
A

.

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14
Q

folk architecture

A

agricultural such as fields, terraces, grain stroage, and dwellings

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15
Q

placeless ness

A

created by popculture

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16
Q

bungalow

A

sing story with dormer windows, veradndas shade house, dark inside, more expensive. Made for hot places, has windows where the wind blows, and has a shaded porch.

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17
Q

single pile

A

a row of rooms. Has a lip on roof so that snow /rain can fall off

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18
Q

doubel pile.

A

two rows of rooms, chimminy at the 2 ends. built for cold enviornmens

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19
Q

ranch house

A

usal single soty house, wide, opean, long roofline.

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20
Q

how are local cultures sustained?

A

Assimilation policies : force poeple to adopt dominat cultures.
Has customs
preseve boundaries to keep other cultures out
avoding cultural appropiation, and has a sense of place

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21
Q

cultural appropriation

A

where you take on an aspect of another culture and make money off of it and not helping the other group.

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22
Q

rural local cultures

A

isolation, has common economic activities.

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23
Q

urban loca cultures

A

ethnic enclaves within citires. Like hadici Jews, they stick to themselves they do not what he spreqad of pop culture to their childern.

  • creates a space to practice customs
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24
Q

commodification

A

process of making something that was not previously bought and sold a commodity in the marketplace.

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25
Q

Distance decay

A

more interaction between closer places that between more distant places

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26
Q

3 hearths of popculture

A

Japan, South Korea, America

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27
Q

reterritorializatio

A

when you take a pop culture trait and you reproduce it with the context of your own culure

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28
Q

diffusion of the internet

A

in the 20th century with hierarchical diffusion. The Tv influuenced these veiws on people. upward social mobility, freedom for woman, glorification of youth, stylized violence.

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29
Q

limiting tv

A

some govermnts limit what is shown on thier tv’s.
poliical content : opposition to local gov
soical content : socially senitive material
conflict anf security : armed conflict, border disputes, millitant groups
internet tools : emails, internet hosting, and internet search

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30
Q

problems with globilization

A

often destorys folk culture or preserves traditions as musums visits.

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31
Q

religon

A

a system of belifs atempted to order life by percieved supernatural forces. It creates place of worship, teaches moral guidelines, and laws and creats belif about after life.

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32
Q

mothesim

A

belif in one god

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33
Q

polytheism

A

belif in multiple gods

34
Q

animisim

A

belif that inaimate objects and animlas have sprits and conscious life. Can often be called traditional languages.

35
Q

cosmology

A

belif in the origins of the universe

36
Q

comparitive cosmology

A

Are universilizig creation stories often attepted to explin the mystical

37
Q

Ethinic religions

A

religions are tied to a physical place, DO NOT SEEK CONVERSTS, stories and events based on nature. EX. Hidisim and Jusaism

38
Q

universilizig religions

A

Activily seeking converts and thir creation stories sttempt to explain mystical or things that can not be proven by sicence. EX. Islam, Crstianity

39
Q

2 types of claenders

A

Ethinic calenders : end to focus on climate, season, and importiant harvests

Comparitive calenders : universilizing calenders tend to focus on important events in the founders life.

40
Q

sacred spaces

A

belifs abotu where to worship or bury the dead

41
Q

Ccared places

A

belifs abotu where importnat events occured

42
Q

cultural reliavism

A

evualtion of another culture by that culture’s own standrad

43
Q

centripetal forces

A

when language, religion, and ethnicity bring people together

44
Q

centrifugal forces

A

when language, religion, and ethnicity drive people apart

45
Q

literary tradition

A

refers to a system of written communication

46
Q

standard language

A

a language that is pu listed widely distributed and purposefully taught

47
Q

Backward reconstruction

A

Tracking sound shifts and the hardening of consonants backward to reveal an original language - to determine where languages can come from
to recreate ancient languages you need deep reconstruction

48
Q

Kurgan Hearth Theory

A

nomadic, the spread the indo european language families, present day border between Kazakhstan and Russia

49
Q

Anatolian Hearth Theory

A

moved the indo european from Preston day Turkey

50
Q

language divergence

A

breakup of a language into dialects in the new languages from lack of interaction among speakers

51
Q

language convergence

A

when people with different languages have consistent interaction and their languages blend into one. How English came to be

52
Q

accent vs Dialect

A

accent is the pronunciation and dialect is the word choice that a person uses

53
Q

Very oldest language family

A

Nostratic language

54
Q

how are the word’s languages organized

A

families then branches then groups

55
Q

map where is afra-Asitic spoken

A

northern africa

56
Q

map where is korean spoken

A

korea

57
Q

map whre is japnanese spoken

A

japan

58
Q

map where is Niger-Congo spoken

A

southrn africa

59
Q

map where is Sino-Tibetan spoken

A

china around tha area

60
Q

most used language

A

madrin

61
Q

Lingua Franca

A

its a language used for the purpose of trade between speakers of 2 different languages. English and Swahili are most common.

62
Q

subcatgories in the indo european branch

A

Germanic branch, Indo- Iranian branch, Balto Slavic branch, Romance branch

63
Q

Morden English has evolved from 3 Germanic tribes

A

angels which came from southern Denmark, Jutes from Northern Denmark, and Saxons which came from northwestern Germany.

64
Q

English diffusion

A

diffused to the western hemisphere with colonization

65
Q

need to knows about belgium

A

compact state because it is small, so it have a unitary government
Southern Belgians ( Walloons) speak French
North Belgians ( Flemings ) speak Flemish

sooo

so then conflict accrued, so Belgium trickled down power to the Walloons and Flemings so that they can make their own decision. Develoution.

66
Q

ebonics

A

is a dialect spoken by Africans who wanted to communicate without their white asters knowing.

67
Q

Pidgin language

A

a language created when people combine parts of 2 or more languages into a simplified one. Like Spanglish, taglish

68
Q

reveiw of terms

Official language
standard
Lingua Franca
Pidgin

A

form for government
purposefully taught
When people speak 2 different languages. Languages use a language for the purpose of trade
simplifying the language that is meshed together

69
Q

Creole language

A

a pidgin language that has developed a more complex structure and vocabulary and has. Become the native language of a group of people. Ex: Haitian Creole

70
Q

the english language

A

has diffused through colonization and imperiliism. it is the most dominat language in the internet.

71
Q

Monolingual state

A

country only has one language

72
Q

Multilingual state

A

Country speaks more then one language

73
Q

Toponym :

A

place name. Imparts a certain character on a place, reflects the social process in a place, Can give a glimpse of the history of a place.

74
Q

Major reasons people change toponyms

A

fter decolonization, after a political revolution, to commodify ( selling some that was not meant to be sold) or brand a place, to memorialize people or events.

75
Q

chritsnay hearth and how it was diffused

A

hearth jurulism
relocation, hierarchal, and contagious

76
Q

Islam hearth and how it was diifused

A

hearth saudi arribia
diffused throgh relocation and contagious

77
Q

buddhism hearth and how it was diifused

A

nepal

relaaction and contagious

78
Q

sikhism hearth and how it was diifused

A

south ais

contagious and relocation

79
Q

hinduism hearth and how it was diifused

A

indus river vally

expansion and relocation

80
Q

judaism hearth and how it was diifused

A

jeruslam

relaction