TX Flashcards

1
Q

hypovolemic hypotonic hyponatremia tx?

A
  1. 9% NaCl

* ** vaptan contraindicated

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2
Q

euvolemic hypotonic hyponatremia tx?

A

water restriction
democlocycline
loop diuretics
vaptan

SIADH

  • NaCl w/ loop diuretic
  • demeclocycline
  • vaptans
  • -tolvaptan (PO)
  • -conivaptan (IV)
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3
Q

hypervolemic hypotonic hyponatremia tx?

A

sodium restriction
water restriction
loop diuretics
captain

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4
Q

hypovolemic hypernatremia tx?

A

0.9% NaCl

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5
Q

euvolemic hypernatremia tx?

A

D/T diabetes insipidus

-Central DI; desmopressin (ADH analog)

-nephrogenic DI;
hydrochlorothiazide

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6
Q

hypervolemic hypernatremia tx?

A

loop diuretic

hemodialysis

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7
Q

hyperkalemia tx?

A

abnormal ECG changes:

  • IV calcium-calcium gluconate
  • Bicarb(acidotic pt) and insulin(brings potassium into cell)
  • sodium polystyrene sulfonate (exchange resins) and loop diuretics like furosemide

asymptomatic patient:

  • exchange resins: sodium polystyrene sulfonate
  • loop diuretics: furosemide
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8
Q

hypokalemia tx?

A

asymptomatic gets oral supplementation

IV potassium is limited to severe hypokalemia

  • potassium chloride
  • postassium phosphate
  • potassium bicarbonate

***if magnesium is low, it must be corrected

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9
Q

hypomagnesemia tx?

A

supplementation

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10
Q

hypermagnesemia tx?

A

asymptomatic tx
-0.9% sodium chloride w/ loop diuretic

symptomatic
-calcium gluconate (IV), protects the heart

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11
Q

hypercalcemia tx?

A

symptomatic and life threatening

  • normal saline
  • calcitonin

symptomatic not life threatening

  • normal saline
  • loop diuretic
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12
Q

hypocalcemia tx?

A

calcium gluconate
calcium chloride
*need to correct hypomagnesemia if present

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13
Q

hypercalcemia tx?

A

symptomatic and life threatening

  • normal saline
  • calcitonin

symptomatic not life threatening

  • normal saline
  • loop diuretic
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14
Q

hypocalcemia tx?

A

give calcium

  • calcium gluconate
  • calcium chloride
  • **correct hypomagnesemia
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15
Q

hypophosphatemia tx?

A

sodium phosphate

potassium phosphate

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16
Q

hyperphosphatemia tx?

A

severe symptomatic
-IV calcium

chronic
-phosphate binders