HIGH YIELD-CORTICOSTEROIDS Flashcards
T/F, corticosteroids cure?
F, they do not
used for?
inflammatory
allergic
immunologic
where are steroids produced?
what are these called?
adrenal cortex
glucocorticoids
mineralcorticoids
what is the MOA?
steroid binds to the gene and modulates gene transcription
what are the effects of corticosteroids?
metabolic, increase serum glucose
electrolyte and water balance
-increase water reabsorption
catabolic
effects on formed elements of blood
- demargination
- delayed margination into tissue
- delayed apoptosis
anti inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects
what are corticosteroids a cure for?
dose?
adrenal insufficiency
synthetic corticosteroids given throughout their life
what are the drug types?
short to medium acting glucocorticoids (18 hrs ish)
-hydrocortisone, cortisone, prednisone, methylprednisolone, triamcinolone
long acting glucocorticoids (>35 hrs)
-betamethasone, dexamethasone
mineralcorticoids
-fludrocortisone
name this drug?
so its equal to cortisol for anti inflammatory effect and salt retaining ability
most salt retaining ability
hydrocortisone, short to medium acting glucocorticoids
name this drug?
these have the most potent anti inflammatory effects, but very low salt retaining ability
betamethasone, dexamethasone
long acting glucocorticoids
name this drug?
very high salt retaining ability and very low anti inflammatory ability
fludrocortisone
what are the adverse effects of corticosteroids?
higher doses and greater duration for toxicity
immunosuppression
hyperglycemia and weight gain
fluid retention, hypertension
skin thinning and ecchymoses
osteoporosis
euphoria
gastroprotective prostaglandin
increased intraocular pressure
high doses and chronic use
when should live and live attenuated vaccines be avoided?
when do you administer live, live attenuated and inactivated vaccines with steroid tx?
in patients taking chronic glucocorticoids and so suppressing their immune system
4 weeks prior to use w/ glucocorticoids for live and live attenuated, 2 weeks prior to use w/ glucocorticoids for inactivated vaccines
affect of stopping the prednisone equivalent abuptly?
leads to symptoms of adrenal insufficiency, so to prevent this give the drug every other day
