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Master Sommelier Theory > Toscana > Flashcards

Toscana Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

Communes of Chianti Classico (N-S)

A 
FIRENZE (4) : 
San Casciano (in Val de Pesa), 
Greve, 
Tavernelle (Val de Pesa), 
Barberino val d’Elsa  
SIENA (5) : 
Poggibonsi, 
Castellina, 
Radda, 
Gaiole, 
Castelnuovo Berardenga
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2
Q

Only white-wine DOCG of Tuscany?

A

Vernaccia di San Gimignano

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3
Q

Vino Nobile di Montepulciano producers

A 
Poliziano*, 
Avignonesi*, 
DEI*, 
Il Macchione, 
Le Casalte 
(*Alliance Vinum member)
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4
Q

Culinary specialties of Tuscany

A

Bisteca alla Fiorentina (chiannina beef),
Ribolita (bean, cabbage, veggie soup),
Gramugia (soup from Lucca - onions, artichokes, fava beans, asparagus, bacon),
Crostini de Fegatini (bread crust with chicken liver pate), pici pasta,
Pappardelle al Cinghiale (wild boar)
“mangiafagiole” bean eaters - especially good with soups - bread with no salt!

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5
Q

Top 3 Tuscany vintages in the past 20 years

A 
10, 
’07, 
’06, ’
04, 
‘01
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6
Q

Worst 3 Tuscany vintages in past 20 years

A

14,
’05,
’03,
‘02

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7
Q

Chianti aging requirements

A

normale 6 mo,
classico 1 year,
superiore 1 year,

classico riserva 2 years, 3 mo in bottle

gran selezione 30 mo; 3 mo in bottle

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8
Q

What is Vin Santo Occhio di Pernice?

A

with sangio or malvasia nera, rose vin santo

(50% sangio (prunolo gentile) in montepulciano
min. 6 years aging in Montepulciano

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9
Q

Blend of Sassicaia

A

85% CS, 15% CF

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10
Q

‘Primum Familae Vini’

A

12 - Muller, Symington, San Guido, Vega Sicilia, Hugel, Antinori, Baron Rothschild, (Mondavi was booted after being bought)

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11
Q

Where is the Tignanello Estate (Antinori)

A

Chianti Classico Zone (San Casciano in Val de Pesa)

Sangio, CS, CF

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12
Q

Who makes wine in Pomino DOC?

A

Frescobaldi,

Selvapiana

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13
Q

Who created the original chianti formula?

A

Barone Bettino Ricasoli

sangio, canaiolo, colorino, trebbiano, malvasia

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14
Q

What is Al governo?

A

Refermentation with juice of dried grapes to stabilize the wine

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15
Q

4 original villages of chianti classico

A

Greve (Firenze),
Castellina,
Radda,
Gaiole

Higher alt. regions: Lamole, Greve, Radda, Gaiole

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16
Q

Producers in Radda

A

Volpaia, Montevertine, Poggerino

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17
Q

Producers in Gaiole

A

Badia e Coltibuono, Riecine

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18
Q

Producers in Barberino Val d’Elsa

A

Monsanto, Isole e Olena

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19
Q

Producers in Castellina

A

Castellare, Fonterutoli

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20
Q

Producers in Castelnuovo Berardenga

A

Felsina, San Giusto, San Felice

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21
Q

Which chianti sub zone overlaps with Brunello di Montalcino? and Montepulciano?

A

Colli Senesi

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22
Q

What are frazzione?

A

sub communes of Montalcino - geographical units

Torrenieri, 
Tavernelle, 
Castelnuovo dell’Abate, 
Sant Angelo in Colle, 
Sant Angelo Scalo
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23
Q

Chianti Montalbano overlaps with what DOCG?

A

Carmignano

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24
Q

Carmignano styles and grapes?

A

50% sangio, 10-20% CS, CF
(may also include canaiolo, trebbiano, malvasia, merlot, syrah)

6-8 months;
Riserva - 3 years, 1 yr oak

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25
Q

Describe Ornellaia

A

Ludovico Antinori 1985, now owned by Frescobaldi,

CS 50 cab, 25 merlot, CF, PV,

Mondavi family took ownership, sold half shares to Fresco now it’s all Fresco;

Serra Nuove, Le Volte (merlot dominant), Masseto

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26
Q

Who is Giacomo Tachis

A

consulting winemaker who made Tignanello, Sassicaia, Castello dei Rampolla

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27
Q

Name the famous Antinori bottling not named after an entire vineyard

A

“Solaia” - sunniest plot within Tignanello

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28
Q

First “vigna” wine in Brunello di Montalcino

A

Altesino - Montosoli vyd - 1970

other bottling: Baricci (all in Montosoli), Caparzo, Canalicchio di Sopra

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29
Q

Define Madre in the context of Tuscan winemaking

A

production of vin santo - must is put into old barrels still containing old slurry (lees, must) “mother”

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30
Q

What is the name for vin santo barrels

A

caratelli 50 - 225 L

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31
Q

grower’s association in Montepulciano

A

Alliance Vinum - 100% sangiovese (prunolo gentile)

- DEI, Poliziano, Avignonese, Boscarelli, Salcheto

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32
Q

Who produces Testamatta series?

A

Bibi Graetz, IGT Toscana wines - usually 100% sangio

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33
Q

parentage of sangiovese?

A

ciliegiolo x calabrese de montenuovo

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34
Q

brunello-gate or brunell-opoly (2008)

A

beefing up brunello with nero d’avola - brunellos were practically opaque (Banfi & Argiano)

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35
Q

How much cabernet is permitted in the Carmignano blend?

A

10-20% cabernet sauv + franc

36
Q

Carmignano producer?

A

Piaggia, Capezanna

37
Q

Who introduced Bordeaux varieties to central Italy?

A

Catherine di Medici (married to French nobility) - Carmignano

38
Q

Italy’s most planted reds/whites

A

sangio, montepulciano, trebbiano, barbera

39
Q

6 sangiovese DOCGs in Tuscany

A 
Morellino di Scansano 85, 
Montecucco Sangiovese 90, 
Carmignano 50, 
Brunello 100, 
Chianti 70/80, 
Vino Nobile 70
40
Q

Provinces of Chianti DOCG

A 
Firenze, 
Siena, 
Pisa, 
Pisoia, 
Prato, 
Arezzo
41
Q

What DOC in Tuscany is reserved for Syrah-based wines?

A

Cortona DOC (producer - Stefano Amerighi)

42
Q

subzones of Chianti (8)

A 
Classico, 
Montalbano, 
Fioretini, 
Pisane, 
Montespertoli, 
Senesi, 
Rufina, 
Aretini
43
Q

sangiovese requirements for chianti

A

70% for regular, 80% for classico

As of 2021 Gran Selezione 90%

44
Q

what are the accessory grapes for chianti

A

canaiolo, colorino, malvasia nera, ciliegolo, merlot, cab,

45
Q

are white grapes allowed in classico? normale?

A

NO (disallowed 2006 - led to vin santo bump); YES

46
Q

galestro & albarese soil types

A

galestro - rocky, schistous clay

albarese - compact clay/limestone

47
Q

3rd type of soil in Tuscany?

A

“macigno” - grayish blue sandstone in the south, also calcareous tufa found in the south

48
Q

min. abv for brunello di montalcino

A

12.5%

49
Q

Brunello di Montalcino best 90s vintage

A

‘99, ‘97, ‘90

50
Q

DOC for Carmignano

A

Barco Reale

51
Q

min. abv for Chianti Classico, Riserva, GS?

A

Classico - 12%
Classico Riserva - 12.5%
Gran Selezione - 13%

52
Q

Montalcino - Northern sites (Montosoli)

A

Northern exposures, cool air ventilation
altitude 300-400m
calcareous clay/limestone

53
Q

Soils of Montosoli

A

marl, loam, quartz, shale, limestone - Grand Cru of Montalcino

54
Q

South hill of Montalcino

A

southern exposrues, 400-500 m altitude, high diurnals, galestro soils with mixes of clay and rock, well-drained soils but tough for drought

55
Q

Tavarnelle situation in Montalcino

A

lower lying, up to 350m altitude, rocky terrain

56
Q

Castelnuovo dell’Abate situation

A

varied altitudes but warmer and drier, moderated by Orcia River and shielded by Mount Amiata

57
Q

Sant Angelo in Colle

A

warmest and driest, less steep, clay and silt

58
Q

Which Chianti Normale sub zone requires a higher percentage of sangiovese?

A

Colli Senesi (75% vs 70%)

59
Q

name for sangiovese grape in Scansano

A

Morellino (little cherry)

60
Q

traditional vin santo pairing

A

almond biscotti (contucci)

61
Q

What are the mountains between the Maremma Coast and inland Tuscany?

A

Matellifere

62
Q

Where are Aleatico Passito wines made in Tuscany?

A

from Elba

63
Q

Producers of Vin Santo

A

Isole e Olena
Badia e Coltibuona
Avignonesi

64
Q

White grapes outlawed in Chianti formula when?

A

2006

65
Q

Who created the original chianti formula?

A

Barone Bettino Ricasoli (Castello di Brolio in Gaiole) - later became Prime Minister of Italy; sangio, canaiolo, colorino, trebbiano, malvasia - he also adapted Bordeaux winemaking processes to improve quality (shorter macerations, sealed fermentation vessels)

66
Q

What producer makes 70% of all Carmignano?

A

Capezzana

67
Q

What is Al governo?

A

Refermentation with juice of dried grapes to stabilize the wine (restart a stuck ferment)

68
Q

Classico Communes in the province of Florence

A

Greve,
Barberino Val d’Elsa,
San Casciano Val de Pesa,
Tavernelle Val di Pesa

69
Q

Classico Communes in the province of Siena

A 
Radda, 
Gaiole, 
Castellina, 
Castelnuovo Berardenga, 
Poggibonsi
70
Q

Chianti Montalbano overlaps with what DOCG?

A

Carmignano

71
Q

What are the three quality tiers for Chianti DOCG

A

Chianti (March release),
Superiore (September release),
Riserva - 2 years (from Jan 1)

72
Q

T or F there is no minimum wood aging requirement for Chianti Classico?

A

TRUE

73
Q

Aging requirements for chianti classico, riserva, gran selezione

A

classico - 1 yr (Oct),
riserva - 2yr (Jan - 3 bottle),
GS- 30 mo (Jan - 3 bottle)

74
Q

Quality producer of Vernaccia di San Gimignano DOCG?

A

Montenidoli (skin maceration)

Il Colombaio di Santa Chiara

75
Q

When was the Chianti region demarcated?

A

1716 by Cosimo III di Medici (Grand Duke of Tuscany) - First region ever to be officially demarcated

  • at this same time Pomino, Carmignano, and Valdarno (all before Douro and Tokaj)
76
Q

What is the ‘Conca d’Oro?’

A

A south-facing, concave slope in Panzano (hamlet in Greve) with abundant galestro

Panzano has its own grower’s association (Panzano wineries - Casaloste, Fontodi, La Massa)

77
Q

What is the difference between Annata and Riserva Brunello?

A

Annata is normale - 2 years in wood, 4 mo in bottle, released after 5 years;

Riserva is aged 2 years in wood, 6 months in bottle, released after 6 years - sometimes criticized for being oxidative and no better in quality than annata

78
Q

T or F Rosso di Montalcino production is less (by about half) than Brunello production?

A

TRUE

79
Q

Vino Nobile di Montepulciano fits within the boundaries of which Chianti zone?

A

Colli Senesi

80
Q

Most famous wine from Morellino di Scansano area?

A

Fattoria Le Pupille ‘Saffredi’ - IGT - cab/merlot

81
Q

What are the names of Antinori’s 3 big Super Tuscans?

A

Tignanello (sangio),
Solaia (CS),
Guado al Tasso (CS)

82
Q

Ansonica (del’Argentario) is a identical to what grape from Sicily?

A

Inzolia

83
Q

Where does the best vermentino come from in Tuscany?

A

Colli di Luni - North of Maremma close to Liguria

84
Q

What are the forces behind the quality revolution in Chianti?

A 
Employing better clones, 
reducing yields, 
increasing planting density, 
employing stainless steel, 
sealed tank fermentations
85
Q

What is the name for Antinori’s Brunello Estate? Gaja’s?

A

Pian delle Vigne;

Pieve di Santa Restituta

86
Q

What are the flagship wines of Frescobaldi from Rufina?

A

Nipozzano,

Montesodi

87
Q

2 Rivers in Toscana

A

Arno flows through Firenze,

Orcia makes the southern border of Montalcino

Master Sommelier Theory (68 decks)

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