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Master Sommelier Theory > Argentina / Brazil / Uruguay > Flashcards

Argentina / Brazil / Uruguay Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

La Piedra’ - means what in Argentina?

A

Recurring hail in the summertime

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2
Q

When did Argentina, Brazil, and Chile gain independence (general time frame)?

A

Early 1800s

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3
Q

Which side of the Andes experiences a rainshadow?

A

The Argentine side - Mendoza

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4
Q

Argentina IG system?

A 
Region 
Subregion 
Department 
District 
Area
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5
Q

Argentinian name for ‘pais’?

Torrontes Riojano is a cross of this grape and which other?

A

Criolla (cree-oh jah) Chica
x
Muscat of Alexandria (Moscatel)

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6
Q

What region in Argentina excels in production of brandy, vermouth, and sherry style wines?

A

San Juan - hot climate (lots of syrah)
south of Mendoza

2nd most plantings after Mendoza

moscatel and pink-skinned grapes (Criojas, and Cereza)

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7
Q

What is the northernmost winemaking region in Argentina?

A

Juyjuy

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8
Q

Cafayate is at the same latitude as the Kalahari Desert?

A

TRUE! - 26 degrees south,

BUT at 1700 m elevation (5600 feet)

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9
Q

Cafayate is located within the ___ Valleys

A

Calchaquies

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10
Q

The altitude of Cafayate does what to grape skins?

A

Sunlight is much more intense,

the grapes develop thicker skins which protect them further against the sun

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11
Q

What is the highest vineyard in the world?

A

Altura Maxima - Calchaqui - 3,111m

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12
Q

What River flows through the Uco Valley?

A

Tunuyan

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13
Q

What are the primary viticultural hazards in Mendoza?

A 
Summer hail
sunburn
frost
wind (shatter, hens and chicks)
nematodes
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14
Q

What are the departmental IG’s of Valle de Uco?

A

Tupungato
Tucuman
San Carlos

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15
Q

Where are the highest altitude vineyards in Mendoza?

A

Valle de Uco

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16
Q

When was malbec introduced to Argentina?

A

1860 - likely trekked over the mountains from Santiago (Quinta Normal) - Michel Aime Pouget

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17
Q

What are the two DOCs of Argentina?

In which province and in which region are they located?

A

Lujan de Cuyo (malbec only) and San Rafael (chenin blanc),

in Mendoza in Cuyo

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18
Q

Where is the ‘Paraje Altamira’ sub-appellation located?

A

La Consulta district,
San Carlos department,
Valle de Uco

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19
Q

Partners in Clos de los Siete (Valle de Uco)

A

Cuvelier de los Andes (Leoville Poyferre);

DiamAndes (Bonnie fam - Malartic Lagraviere);

Monteviejo;

Bodega Rolland

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20
Q

When is World Malbec Day?

A

April 17 - when president Sarmiento requested Michel Aime Pouget to come to Argentina from Chile to establish vineyards (1853)

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21
Q

When was the railway from Buenos Aires to Mendoza completed?

A

1885

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22
Q

What are the main districts of Tunuyan

(Valle de Uco)?

A 
San Pablo, 
Los Arboles, 
also Los Chacayes, 
Campo de los Andes, 
Vista Flores, 
Villa Seca - (Andes Foothills) - can mostly be dry farmed
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23
Q

What are the main districts of Tupungato?

A

Gualtallary,
La Carrera

calcareous soils for chardonnay

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24
Q

4 subregions of Salta?

A

Cachi,
Cafayate,
Molinos (Colome),
San Carlos

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25
Q

What are the San Carlos subregions (Valle de Uco)?

A 
La Consulta (Paraje Altamira), 
El Cepillo
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26
Q

List the 4 subregions of Salta in descending order of production

A

Cachi,
Cafayate
San Carlos
Molinos

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27
Q

What are the regions in South Mendoza (one DOC and one IG)?

A

San Rafael DOC

General Alvear IG

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28
Q

In which part of Mendoza are the following subregions located:

Perdriel,
Godoy Cruz,
Rivadavia

A

West of Mendoza (Lujan de Cuyo);

South of Mendoza (almost city limits),

East of Mendoza

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29
Q

What are the lowest quality growing areas in Mendoza IG?

A

North and East - lower lying and warmer meso climate (bulk wine)

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30
Q

Syrah parentage

A

Mondeuse blanche x Dureza

31
Q

Petite Sirah parentage

A

Syrah x Peloursin (brought to US and named in the 1880s - in France known as Durif)

32
Q

Bonarda is native to where?

A

Savoie! Douce Noire (or Corbeau) - in CA Charbono

33
Q

Other popular red grape in Salta after malbec?

A

Tannat

34
Q

What is the major subregion of La Rioja region?
Major producer?
Major grape?

A

Famatina Valley,

Chilecito co-op,

Torrontes Riojano (malbec, syrah, bonarda)

35
Q

Major producer in Catamarca?

A

Chanar Punco

36
Q

What are the subregions of Mendoza?

A 
Northern, 
Central, 
Eastern, 
Valle de Uco, 
Southern
37
Q

What are the 3 types of mountain vineyards in Mendoza?

W-E, descending altitude?

A

Cordillera Principal,
Cordillera Frontal,
Precordillera

38
Q

Centro Region of Mendoza IG’s

A

Godoy Cruz

Lujan de Cuyo (Agrelo, Las Compuertas, Perdriel)

Maipu (Barrancas, Lunlunta, Russell)

39
Q

Valle de Uco IG’s

A

Tunpungato,
Tunuyan,
San Carlos

40
Q

East Mendoza IG’s

A

Rivadavia

41
Q

South Mendoza IG’s

A

San Rafael,

General Alvear

42
Q

What is the most recent IG in Argentina?

A

Trevelin - in Chubut (Patagonia) most southerly vineyards in the world (almost!)

43
Q

Actual furthest south vineyard

A

46 degrees south - Chile Chico (Undurraga experimental vineyard)

southernmost commercial are in NZ

44
Q

What wine growing area is located in the Atlantic Region?

A

Buenos Aires

45
Q

What is the tallest peak in South America?

A

Aconcagua in Mendoza, Argentina - 22,837 ft (7,000m)

46
Q

Best recent vintages for Argentina?

Worst?

A

19 !!!, 18 !!!, 17 (ok), ’13 !!!, ’12, ‘11, ‘09 !!!

’16 (rain-hail-cold), ’15 (hail-rain), ‘14 - wet El Nino, ‘07 heat

47
Q

What is the most important wine region of Brazil?

A

Serra Gaucha
90% of national production in the southern state of Rio Grande do Sul
mountainous
high humidity, heavy rainfall

48
Q

What is the first/only DO in Brazil?

A

Vale dos Vinhedos in Serra Gaucha (2002) - max yields and varieties (merlot and chardonnay) are controlled

49
Q

Key producers of Vale dos Vinhedos?

A

Miolo,

Casa Valduga

50
Q

What styles of wine are made in Brazil?

A

Mostly red - Bordeaux and Iberian varieties; 25% sparkling - Moet investment

51
Q

Most planted grape in Brazil?

A

Isabel (red - American variety) - rot and mildew resistant - used to make fizzy wines

52
Q

Promising new region in Brazil?

A

Campanha - southern border with Uruguay - limestone, granite - promising for classic sparkling wines

53
Q

What Brazilian state contains most of the country’s viticulture?

A

Rio Grande do Sul

54
Q

What tropical wine region in Brazil harvests grapes twice a year?

A

Sao Francisco Valley - in the North (CS, shiraz, moscatel)

55
Q

What is the climate of Uruguay?

A

Maritime - similar to Bordeaux - humid, cooled by Antarctic currents

56
Q

What trellising system is common in Uruguay?

A

Lyre - open canopy

57
Q

How was Tannat brought to Uruguay?

A

Basque immigration 1800’s “Harriague”

58
Q

Key producers of Uruguay

A

Bodegas Garzon (Maldonado),

H Stagnari (Tannat from Salto in the NW)

59
Q

Key regions of Uruguay (coastal)

A

Canelones, Montevideo, Maldonado

60
Q

When were the strongest effects of El Nino in recent years?

A

2014-2016

61
Q

What is Singani?

A

A type of Pisco made from Muscat from Bolivia

62
Q

What is Chachi?

A

A distilled spirit usually made from maize but sometimes corn or peanuts

63
Q

Largest and oldest winery in Bolivia?

A

Bodega Kohlberg

64
Q

The North region (Salta) has more reds or whites planted?

A

Reds

65
Q

Where is Tinogasta?

A

Catamarca - most important wine area - mostly Cereza planted

66
Q

Lujan de Cuyo DOC regulations

A

Must be a minimum 85% Malbec coming from Lujan de Cuyo.

Additionally, vines are limited to <10tons/ha, and wines must be aged one year in barrel.

It was initially crafted in 1989 but internationally recognized in 1993, making it the first in Argentina.

67
Q

San Rafael DOC regulations

A

By definition, the DOC has additional regulations beyond the geographic area. However, quality seems to be all over the place, and much bulk wine is produced

68
Q

What are the most planted white grapes of Argentina?

A

1 Pedro Gimenez
2 Torrontez Riojano
3 Chardonnay

69
Q

What are the most planted red grapes?

A

1 Malbec
(Cereza - pink grape)
2 Bonarda
3 Cabernet

70
Q

What are the winemaking provinces of the Norte Region?

A

Jujuy
Salta
Tucuman
Catamarca

71
Q

What are the winemaking provinces of the Cuyo Region?

A

La Rioja
Mendoza
San Juan

72
Q

What are the winemaking provinces of the Patagonia Region?

A

La Pampa
Neuquen
Rio Negro
Trevelin

73
Q

What is the most planted grape of San Juan IG?

A 
Syrah
#2 Pedro Gimenez

Master Sommelier Theory (68 decks)

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