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Master Sommelier Theory > Piemonte > Flashcards

Piemonte Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

All DOCG for Dolcetto require what %

A

100%

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2
Q

All DOCG white-only of Piemonte require what % of the grape?

A

100%
Gavi,
Erbaluce,
Moscato d’Asti

Other DOCG:
(Roero “Arneis” 95%)
(Terre Alfieri “Arneis” 85%)

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3
Q

What are the sottozona (subzones) of Barbera d’Asti Superiore?

A

Tinella,
Colli Astiani

24 mo, 6mo oak, 6mo bottle, 13% abv

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4
Q

Which DOCG for barbera imposes the longest aging requirements?

A

Nizza Riserva

30mo, 12mo oak

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5
Q

What 3 accessory varieties may make up the remaining 10% of Barbera d’Asti DOCG?

A

freisa,
grignolino,
dolcetto

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6
Q

Piemonte synonym for vermentino

A

favorita

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7
Q

What is the upper limit of acquired abv for Moscato d’Asti DOCG?

A

max. final 6.5% (4.5% acquired = 11%)

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8
Q

True or False, all white wine DOCGs in Piemonte produce sparkling wine?

A

TRUE

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9
Q

Who created the modern style of Moscato d’Asti?

A

Giovan Battista Croce - jeweler to the nobles of Savoy - 16th century. The old method was successive filtration through cloth bags and the semi-fermented must would be bottled in winter (finish in bottle with RS).

Destemming and pressing are handled quickly and gently, then the must is kept chilled.

It is later fermented in batches in pressurized tanks. The pressurized tanks and low temperatures help retain CO2.

Before the wine reaches 6.5% abv, it is chilled and or filtered to stop fermentation.

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10
Q

Nebbiolo synonyms

A

chiavennesca, spanna, picutener, picotiendro

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11
Q

Alta Langa wines must be vintage dated

A

TRUE

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12
Q

Moscato d’Asti min. bar?

A

2.5 atm

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13
Q

Nervi was recently acquired by

A

Giacomo Conterno - 2018

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14
Q

Alto Piemonte umbrella DOC for Ghemme, Sizzano, Boca, Fara

A

Colline Novaresi

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15
Q

Umbrella DOC for Gattinara, Bramaterra, Lessonna

A

Coste della Sesia

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16
Q

Piemonte most planted red grape? white grape?

A

Barbera, Moscato

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17
Q

Gavi DOCG is in what province? (1st white wine DOCG in Piemonte)

A

Alessandria

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18
Q

100% dolcetto DOCGs

A

Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore, Diano d’Alba, Dogliani

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19
Q

Largest DOCG producer in Italy

A

Asti DOCG - 650,000,000 hl - 260 olympic swimming pools

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20
Q

Barbera d’Asti, Barbera del, Ruche di…

A

Asti, Monferrato, Castiglione

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21
Q

Best producers of Gattinara

A

Nervi, Antoniolo, Travaglini

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22
Q

Best producers of Ghemme

A

Cantalupo, Rovellotti

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23
Q

Best producers of Boca

A

Le Piane

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24
Q

Best producers of Lessona

A

Colombera & Garella, Sperino

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25
Q

Best producers Fara

A

Boniperti

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26
Q

Best producers Sizzano

A

Villa Guelpa

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27
Q

Best producers Carema

A

Cooperativa

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28
Q

Best producers Bramaterra

A

Le Pianelle, Colombera & Garella

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29
Q

Best producers Valtellina

A

Ar Pe Pe, Nino Negri, Dirupi

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30
Q

What is the key to Nebbiolo’s ageability?

A

dry extract, total acidity, tannins, and alcohol

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31
Q

What is the main soil of Roero?

A

Sandy

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32
Q

What are the viti risks of Nebbiolo?

A

Spring Frost, Autumn Rain - wind & hail

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33
Q

What is Sfursat/Sforzato?

A

Dry passito wine made from Nebbiolo - similar to Amarone (Sandro Fay, Mamete Prevostini, Triacca)

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34
Q

Picotendro DOC in Valle d’Aosta?

A

Donnas (Produttori Donnas)

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35
Q

Best terroirs for Nebbiolo?

A

Diagonal line through the city of Barolo from NW to SE:

Rocche dell’Annunziata, Brunate, Cerequio (La MORRA),
Cannubi (BAROLO), 
Rocche di Castiglione (CASTIGLIONE), 
Bussia (MONFORTE), 
Vigna Rionda, Falleto (SERRALUNGA)
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36
Q

What is the stylistic difference between Barbera d’Alba and d’Asti?

A

Alba Barbera is plump, juicy, and lush,

Asti Barbera is savory, mineral, and structured

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37
Q

2 DOCs that use Nebbiolo

A 
Carema, 
Boca, 
Fara, 
Bramaterra, 
Langhe, 
Lessona, 
Sizzano
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38
Q

Recent heatwave in Barolo?

A

2017

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39
Q

Angelo Gaja bottlings ’96-’13 wines were labelled as?

A

because of 5% barbera - Langhe DOC

Sori Tilden, Sperss, Sori San Lorenzo, Dagromis

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40
Q

Bruno Giacosa did not make wine in which recent vintages?

A

2006 - Bruno’s passing, 2010 - winemaker issues

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41
Q

Produttori bottlings

A 
Asili, 
Rabaja, 
Ovello, 
Montestefano, 
Montefico
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42
Q

Martinenga - separate bottling

A

Marchese di Gresi, Gajun and Campro

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43
Q

Who makes Monfortino Barolo?

A

Roberto Conterno (Giacomo) sourced from the Cascina Francia vineyard in Serra Lunga d’Alba

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44
Q

Minimum required elevation for vineyards used to make Barolo DOCG?

A

170 meters

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45
Q

Tributaries of Tanaro which run through Barolo

A

Tanaro -
talloria dell’annunziata,
talloria di castiglione

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46
Q

Nebbiolo clones, Nebbiolo rose separate variety (elvio cogno - riserva vigna elena)

A

Bolla (overabundant yield - no longer allowed),

Lampia (DEPENDABLE - most planted - balanced profile),

Mischet (BEST - virus-affected, small bunches - low yield, high phenolics),

Rose (different genotype - high sugar and acid, low phenolics and color but highly perfumed)

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47
Q

3 Communes located entirely in Barolo DOCG

A

Barolo, Castiglione Falletto, Serralunga d’Alba

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48
Q

Other communes of Barolo (outside of Barolo, Castiglione, Serralunga) - 11 total

A

La Morra, Novello, Monforte d’Alba, Diano d’Alba, Verduno, Grinzane Cavour, Cherasco, Roddi

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49
Q

Boschi di Beri

A

La Morra, 150 yr old pre-phylloxera dolcetto vines, Marcarini

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50
Q

Best vintages for Barolo in the 1970s?

A

1970,
1971 (good in burgundy),
1979 (good in burgundy)

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51
Q

Best 90’s vintages for Barolo

A

1990,
1996,
1999

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52
Q

Best 00’s vintages for Barolo

A 
2004, 
2005, 
2006, 
2007, 
2008
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53
Q

Best 80’s vintages for Barolo

A

1989, 1985, 1982

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54
Q

Best Crus of Verduno

A

Monvigliero (Burlotto, Alessandria,)

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55
Q

La Morra - best vineyards

A

Brunate (Altare, Marcarini, Voerzio, Giuseppe Rinaldi “Brunate Le Coste”),

Cerequio (Voerzio),

Rocche del’Annunziata (Corino, Paolo Scavino, Voerzio)

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56
Q

Barolo - best vineyards

A

Cannubi (E. Pira, Bartolo Mascarello),

Cannubi Boschis (Luciano Sandrone), Sarmassa (Voerzio)

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57
Q

Novello - best vineyards

A

Ravera (Elvio Cogno - “Bricco Pernice”, GD Vajra, Vietti)

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58
Q

Castiglione Falletto

A

Monprivato (Giuseppe Mascarello),

Rocche di Castiglione (Brovia, Vietti),

Villero (Montezemolo, Bruno Giacosa, Vietti)

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59
Q

Monforte d’Alba - best vineyards

A

Ginestra (Domenico Clerico, Elio Grasso),

Bussia - massive (see sub areas),

Mosconi (E. Pira, Conterno, Clerico),

(Santo Stefano di) Perno (Giuseppe Mascarello, Rocche dei Manzoni)

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60
Q

Serralunga d’Alba - best vineyards

A

Vigna Rionda (Massolino, Bruno Giacosa, Fratelli Oddero),

Falletto (Bruno Giacosa),

Francia (Conterno “Monfortino”)

Brea (Brovia),

Cerretta (Conterno, Altare, Giovanni Rosso, Luigi Baudana)

Lazzarito (Vietti)

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61
Q

Bussia - best parts

A 
Cicala (Aldo Conterno), 
Romirasco (Aldo Conterno), 
Pianpolvere Soprano (Giacomo Fennocchio)
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62
Q

Mascarello only uses one clone ?

A

Mischet

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63
Q

Monopole from Giacomo Conterno?

A

Francia - Monfortino (Serralunga)

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64
Q

Bartolo Mascarello’s political statement

A

No barrique, no Berlusconi - cappello sommerso - submersed cap

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65
Q

Barolo min % coming from an MGA?

A

100%

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66
Q

Moscato d’Asti sweetness

A

90-110 g/L; Asti (70-90)

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67
Q

max abv for Moscato d’Asti

A

6.5% max; 11% potential

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68
Q

True or False, most Asti wines undergo a single fermentation

A

True! - exception of metodo classico

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69
Q

True or False, Moscato d’Asti is the more commercial product than Asti Spumante?

A

False! Asti spumante is fully sparkling and off-dry and dominated by big firms like Martini & Rossi and Cinzano;

Moscato d’Asti is lightly fizzy and more artisanal

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70
Q

True or False, Asti is Italy’s largest production appellation by volume?

A

FALSE #4 after 1) Prosecco DOC 2) Delle Venezie 3) Chianti DOCG

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71
Q

What methods are allowed to make Asti spumante?

A

Charmat OR “metodo classico” (less common because it is more expensive and obscures the delicate aromas of moscato bianco)

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72
Q

What is the historical style of Asti wines?

A

Passito

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73
Q

Who is responsible for the rise in popularity of sparkling Asti?

A

Carlo Gancia in 1870 - brought the champagne method back from champagne

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74
Q

Moscato d’Asti became popular when?

A

Subsequent to WWII

75
Q

Where are Moscato vines planted in Asti?

A

Only on hillsides, prohibited on valley floor and plains

76
Q

Differences in Moscato d’Asti styles?

A

Langhe hills - more aromatic;

Monferrato hills - richer in body

77
Q

Who invented the tank method for sparkling wine?

A

Frederico Martinotti - 1895

78
Q

Who perfected the tank method?

A

Eugene Charmat - 1907 (Stainless Steel)

79
Q

What techniques are employed to preserve freshness and aroma in moscato d’Asti?

A

Sterile Filtration and Temperature control

80
Q

True or False, Most Moscato d’Asti is Vintage?

A

FALSE! most Asti Spumante is non-vintage, they use must from successive harvests is usually blended for consistency of product; Moscato d’Asti IS best young and is bottled at different points during the year

81
Q

Town at the heart of Moscato d’Asti which is also a legal sub zone requiring 100% moscato bianco, also a synonym

A

Canelli

82
Q

What is the Asti encepagement?

A

min. 97% moscato bianco with other aromatic varieties

83
Q

Producers of Moscato d’Asti?

A 
Ca d'Gal (Lu and Matteo's fave),
Vietti, 
Saracco, 
GD Vajra, 
Elio Perrone, 
Oddero, 
La Spinetta
84
Q

What is the main climatic difference between Barolo and Barbaresco?

A

Barbaresco is closer to the Tanaro, ripens earlier - milder climate

85
Q

Most common vine training in Barolo

A

Guyot

86
Q

Arborio Rice is mainly produced where?

A

Po River Valley

87
Q

What is the only DOCG in Piemonte for both red and white wine?

A

Roero,

Terra d’Alfieri

88
Q

Classic pasta from Langhe and Monferrato hills?

A

Agnolotti del plin - small rectangular and filled with braised meat, in a butter or broth based sauce

89
Q

Famous Alba cheese?

A

Bra - raw cow’s milk (aged 6 months to 2 years)

90
Q

What is Bagna Cauda?

A

hot dipping sauce with anchovies and garlic emulsified in oil

91
Q

Brasato al Barolo

A

Beef braised in Barolo (Bourguinon style)

92
Q

Carne Cruda

A

Sliced or Ground raw beef with lemon, olive oil, truffles or charred mushrooms

93
Q

Salsiccia di Bra

A

Eaten raw with lemon juice

94
Q

Castelmagno

A

flaky, nutty cheese made from raw cow’s milk - semi-hard but can be melted for pasta and risotto

95
Q

Tajarin

A

egg pasta with high ration of egg yolks - fine strands - usually with meat ragout or sage and butter

96
Q

Toma Piemontese

A

soft ripened but pasteurized, with a porcini flavor (similar to camembert and brie)

97
Q

Tomini

A

Fresh cow or goat’s milk cheese marinated in olive oil with pepper, herbs, garlic - antipasti

98
Q

When is truffle season?

A

October/November

99
Q

Where is the center of Vermouth production in Italy?

A

Torino - Antonio Benedetti Carpano - original formula in 1786 had wormwood

100
Q

What is typically the first variety to bud break in Piedmont?

A

Nebbiolo

101
Q

Modern Barolo was conceived when?

A

1844 - as a dry, still wine - the Count of Cavour (Camillo Benso) enlisted Louis Oudart - closed vats, large barrels, sulfur additions, glass bottles

102
Q

First vintners to Estate Bottle in Barolo

A

Cavalotto,

Bartolo Mascarello

103
Q

First vineyard designated wines?

A

1960’s - Gaja, Prunotto, Giacosa

104
Q

Very first vineyard designated wine?

A

Marcarini - 1958 Brunate

105
Q

How many DOCGs in Italy and DOCG’s are in Piemonte?

A

42, 18 - highest in Italy

106
Q

Most recent DOCG in Piemonte?

A

Terre d’Alfieri - 2020 - for arneis and nebbiolo

107
Q

T or F IGT category does not exist in Piemonte

A

True! Must declassify to “vino”

108
Q

Umbrella DOC’s of Langhe allowing for multiple varietal wines?

A

Langhe; Canavese

109
Q

Where is Erbaluce grown?

A

Caluso commune in Alto Piemonte

Dora Baltea flows here before joining Po

110
Q

Grignolino

A

Monferrato (Casalese) and Asti

111
Q

Freisa

A

Asti and Turin

112
Q

Ruche

A

Castagnole Monferrato (near Asti)

113
Q

Pelaverga

A

Verduno

114
Q

Brachetto

A

d’Acqui

115
Q

Vespolina

A

Alto Piemonte

116
Q

Uva Rara

A

Alto Piemonte

117
Q

Croatina

A

Alto Piemonte

118
Q

Alto Piemonte Geography

A

Novara and Vercelli hills

119
Q

Which appellation has the longest history with quality nebbiolo?

A

Gattinara - “spanna” - one hands span off the ground - Greek training method

120
Q

2 Powerhouses of production in Piedmont

A

Langhe (Barolo & Barbaresco) in Alba;

Monferrato (Asti)

121
Q

Po River valley is located between what mountain chains?

A

Alps to NW, Appenines to SE

122
Q

Italian Unification ‘Resorgimento’ was initiated when and where?

A

1861 in Turin - the parliament of Savoy proclaims the Kingdom of Italy

123
Q

True or False, Barolo accounts for only 10% of the vines in Piedmont

A

True!

124
Q

True or False, 70% of Piemontese vines are Moscato, Barbera, Dolcetto

A

True!

125
Q

True or False, Cortese and Arneis are the most planted white grapes in Piemonte for dry white wines?

A

False - Chardonnay (for sparkling)

126
Q

Which winery pioneered Cortese di Gavi? Other producers?

A

La Scolca; Enrico Serafino

127
Q

What is Piemonte’s largest red wine appellation by volume?

A

Barbera d’Asti

128
Q

What are the sottozona (subzones) of Barbera d’Asti superiore?

A

Tinella, Colli Astiani,

24 mo, 6mo oak, 6mo bottle, 13% abv

129
Q

100% dolcetto DOCGs

A

Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore, Diano d’Alba, Dogliani Piemonte

130
Q

Only Monopole Cru in Barbaresco?

A

Martinenga - Marchesi di Gresy

131
Q

Communi di Barbaresco

A

Barbaresco,
Neive,
Treiso,
San Rocco Seno d’Elvio (Alba)

132
Q

Largest Cru of Barbaresco

A

Ovello

133
Q

In what cru are contained Sori Tilden and Coste Russi?

A

Roncagliette (Babaresco)

134
Q

Crus of Neive

A 
Albesani, 
Gallina, 
Cotta, 
Cura, 
Fausoni, 
Serraboella
135
Q

Crus of Treiso

A

Pajore,
Nervo,
Rombone

136
Q

Where is Falleto estate?

A

In Serralunga d’Alba - purchased by Giacosa in 1982;

wine made from Serralunga, La Morra, and parts of Barbaresco

137
Q

Top producers of Barbaresco

A

Gaja, Giacosa (Falletto) , Produttori, Roagna, Sottimano, Cigliutti, La Spinetta, Cerretto

138
Q

What type of soil is in Barbaresco?

A

Tortonian - clay with more silt and sand than in Barolo

139
Q

DOC Colli Tortonesi grape?

A

Timorasso

140
Q

DOCG in Piemonte with highest oak elevage?

A

Gattinara Riserva (36 months)

141
Q

5 DOC for Nebbiolo in Piemonte

A

Carema, Lessona, Sizzano, Boca, Fara

142
Q

Gaja and Ray - grape variety and appellation

A

$250 (chardonnay - Langhe DOC)

143
Q

Most planted commune in Barolo?

A

La Morra

144
Q

Cannubi appendages

A

Boschis, Valeta, Moscatel, San Lorenzo

145
Q

min. % spanna in Gattinara and Ghemme

A

90% Gattinara (Vespolina and Bonarda),

85% Ghemme (blending partners - Uva Rara and Vespolina)

146
Q

Erbaluce di Caluso styles

A

bianco seco, traditional method spumante (15 months on the lees), passito

147
Q

Sori San Lorenzo (Gaja) is located in what Barbaresco Cru?

Other Gaja bottlings located where?
Coste Russi, Sori Tilden

A

Secondine;

Rongcagliette

148
Q 
Santo Stefano (Giacosa) Barbaresco Cru 
is located where?
A

Albesani in Neive

149
Q

Aging for Barbaresco and Riserva

A

26, 50 - 9 months oak

150
Q

Barolo

A

38, 62 - 18 months oak

151
Q

Alta Langa aging requirements

Elevation requirement?

A

30, 36 riserva - always vintage - 9 month sur lie

250 meters altitude

152
Q

First single vineyard Moscato d’Asti?

A

La Spinetta from Bricco Quaglia

153
Q

Alta Langa DOCG requirements, uvaggio

A

Vintage-dated, traditional method sparkling,
30 months total aging,
9 months sur lie
(Riserva = 36 months);

90% PN and/or CH

154
Q

Cappello Sommerso

A

Submerged Cap- for extended maceration

155
Q

Cardamaro base flavor

A

Cardoon (artichoke thistle)

156
Q

5 crus made by Produttori del Barbaresco (of 9 total)

A

Ovello, Asili, Rabaja, Pora, Moccagatta, Montefico, Paje, Rio Sordo, Montestefano

157
Q

Official subzone of Langhe

A

Novello - for Nascetta

158
Q

Gaja “Dagromis”

A

Blend of Serralunga and La Morra fruit

159
Q

Gaja “Darmaggi” based on what grape?

A

“Dommage” - Cabernet Sauvignon - planted Cab in a site slated for Nebbiolo

160
Q

Sabje Astiani soil?

A

Sandy - poor water retention - central Monferrato (banks of Tanaro)

161
Q

Gavi DOCG % Cortese?

A

100% cortese

162
Q

First DOCG to have unofficial MGA’s?

A

Diano d’Alba - 1930s (Boschi di Beri)

163
Q

MGA’s were officially established in what year?

A

2007

164
Q

How many MGA’s are there in Barbaresco?

A

66 - each may contain a “Vigna” - single vineyard name

165
Q

Barbaresco communi differences in wine style?

A

Barbaresco - balanced and complex;

Neive - firm tannins;

Treiso - perfume and elegance (high elevation and sandier soil)

166
Q

MGA’s of Barbaresco

A

Asili,
Rabaja,
Rio Sordo,
Montestefano

167
Q

MGA’s of Neive

A

Albesani,

Gallina

168
Q

MGA’s of Treiso

A

Nervo,

Pajore

169
Q

What 2 DOCG’s does Dolcetto d’Alba encompass?

A

Barolo and Barbaresco

170
Q

What geographical feature separates west from east in the Roero Hills?

A

Rocche - rocky cliffs running SW -> NE;

alluvial clay soils (arneis) in west,

sandy soils in the east (nebbiolo)

171
Q

What is unique to Nebbiolo grown in Carema?

A

The vines are trained on pergolas - min. 85% picutener

172
Q

Barbera grown in the Barolo and Barbaresco zones is labeled as…

A

Barbera d’Alba

173
Q

What are the possible styles of Erbaluce di Caluso?

A

passito, dry still, and spumante (producer - Ferrando)

174
Q

What is Dogliani DOCG?

A

100% Dolcetto wines from high elevation Langhe hills - normale and superior (producer - Raineri)

175
Q

What is Diano d’Alba DOCG?

A

100% Dolcetto wines from the hilltop commune of Diano d’Alba - normale and superiore (producer - Alario Claudio)

176
Q

What are the possible styles of Brachetto d’Acqui?

A

frizzante, spumante, and passito (producer - Braida)

177
Q

What are the possible styles of Alta Langa DOCG?

A

Vintage-dated spumante, rosato, riserva

178
Q

What is the min. % nebbiolo for Barolo and Barbaresco?

A

100%

179
Q

First vintage made by the Cantine Sociale di Barbaresco?

A

1894

180
Q

French region that shares border with Piedmont?

A

Provence/Liguria

181
Q

DOCG Nebbiolo

A

Barolo, Barbaresco, Gattinara, Ghemme. Roero

182
Q

Most planted red and white grapes?

A

barbera, moscato bianco

183
Q

How long must a DOC be in existence before DOCG

A

5 years

184
Q

Bruno Giacosa

Notable Barbarescos and Barolos?

A

The Giacosa red-label Riservas are particularly legendary in the Langhe and are some of the top wines of all of Italy. They are generally only produced a few times each decade.

Most notable Barbaresco wines:

○Albesani Santo Stefano
○Asili
○Rabaja

Most notable Barolo wines:
○Falletto
○Collina Rionda (1967-1993)

He previously purchased all of his fruit for the Barolo wines from local growers until he began to acquire his own vineyards, starting in 1982.

Master Sommelier Theory (68 decks)

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