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Master Sommelier Theory > Libournais > Flashcards

Libournais Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

Which appellations may append “cotes de bordeaux” to their names?

A

Blaye (red only),
Blaye cotes de bordeaux (red and white),
Cote de blaye (white only - minimum 60-90% ugni/colombard),
Cadillac (red only),
Castillon (red only),
Francs,
Sainte Foy Bordeaux

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2
Q

Which AOC in Bordeaux sits at the eastern extremity of the region?

A

Sainte Foy Bordeaux

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3
Q

What are the soil types of Fronsac and Canon-Fronsac?

A

Molasses du Fronsadais - limestone mixed with sand and clay;

Calcaires a Asteries - limestone mixed with marine fossils

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4
Q

How does a St. Emilion Chateaux become 1er Grand Cru Classe?

A

Pass a tasting of 15 vintages rather than 10;

less emphasis on winemaking and more on soil/topography analysis,

and higher reputation

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5
Q

In the St. Emilion Classification, how many chateaux in each Grand Cru category are there?

A

4 1er GC classe A,
14 1er GC classe B,
64 GC classe

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6
Q

Give one example of a CF dominated Pomerol ?

A

Chateau Lafleur - 53% CF on mainly gravel soils

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7
Q

A CS dominated Pomerol?

A

Chateau de Sales (Largest Estate in Pomerol - 47ha)

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8
Q

Rank these estates from the one with the lowest percentage of CF to highest:

La Conseillante (Pom), 
La Fleur (Pom), 
Vieux Chateau Certan (Pom), 
Cheval Blanc, 
Angelus, 
Ausone, 
Figeac, 
Le Pin (Pom)
A

1) Le Pin - 0%
2) La Conseillante - 20%
3) VCC - 25%
4) Figeac - 35%
5) Angelus - 47%
6) La Fleur - 50%
7) Cheval Blanc - 50%
8) Ausone - 55%

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9
Q

Best vintages in the history of the RB?

A 
16, 
10, 
09, 
05, 
90 
(98), 
82, 
75, 
61, 
59
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10
Q

Worst RB vintages in history?

A 
92, 
91, 
84, 
80, 
77
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11
Q

Name one prominent estate in Cotes de Bourg?

A

Roc de Cambes (Francois Mitjaville)

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12
Q

Cotes de Blaye and Blaye AOP are for which styles of wine?

A

Blaye for red only,

Cotes de Blaye for dry white only

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13
Q

Which Cotes de Bordeaux geographic designations are for reds only?

A

Castillon,

Cadillac

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14
Q

Which are for white or red?

A

Blaye,
Francs,
Sainte-Foy

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15
Q

What are the satellites of Saint-Emilion?

A

Saint-Georges,
Montagne,
Lussac,
Puisseguin

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16
Q

What is the River tributary that divides Saint Emilion and Pomerol from its satellites and Lalande?

A

La Barbanne

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17
Q

Name 2 producers of Lalande de Pomerol?

A

Grand Ormeau,

Tournefeuille

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18
Q

What is the most highly regarded sector of Pomerol?

A

The eastern sector bordering Saint Emilion - high terrace (Petrus, Trotanoy, VCC, La Conseillante, l’Evangile, Certan de May de Certan, l’Eglise-Clinet, Lafleur, Petit Village, Gazin, Lafleur Petrus, Bon Pasteur, Beau Regard, La Violette, Le Pin, Clinet

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19
Q

What is the name of the predominant soils in Pomerol?

A

Crasse de Fer - iron-rich clay - higher terraces and the highest Boutonniere de Petrus - with blue smectite, lower terraces have sandier soils = less quality, lighter wines

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20
Q

What are the 4 1er GC Classe A?

A

Ausone,
Cheval Blanc,
Angelus,
Pavie

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21
Q

What are the 14 1er GC Classe B?

A 
Beausejour, 
Beausejour-Becot, 
Belair, 
Belair Monange (absorbed Magdelaine), 
Canon, 
Canon-La Gaffeliere, 
Figeac, 
Fourtet, 
La Gaffeliere, 
Larcis-Ducasse, 
La Mondotte, 
Pavie-Macquin, 
Troplong-Mondot, 
Trottevielle, 
Valandraud
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22
Q

Name 5 Saint Emilion Grand Cru Classe

A 
L’Arrosee, 
Bellevue, 
La Dominique, 
Fonplegade, 
Tertre Roteboeuf, 
L’hermitage Lescours
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23
Q

What is the Jurade of Saint Emilion

A

Annual harvest celebration in October - dates all the way back to 1199 when King John Lackland sealed the rights and freedoms of the Burghers of Saint Emilion - the Jurade promotes the wines and historically repressed fraud

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24
Q

Who are some of the original “garagistes” who launched in the 1990s?

A

Tertre Roteboeuf (SE - F. Mitjaville),

Valandraud (SE - JL Thunevin),

La Mondotte (SE - S. Von Neipperg)

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25
Q

Stefan Von Neipperg other estates?

A

Canon La Gaffeliere,

Clos de l’Oratoire (1st employer of Derenoncourt)

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26
Q

Derenoncourt Estates

A 
Canon La Gaffelier, 
Teyssier, 
Beausejour, 
La Mondotte, 
Poujeaux, 
Talbot, 
Paveil de Luze
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27
Q

What are the primary soils of the 1er GC Classes?

A

Ausone - calcaire a astéries;
Cheval - gravels;
Angelus - sands;
Pavie - molasses (clay/sand/soft limestone bedrock)

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28
Q

What tributary separates Canon Fronsac and Fronsac from Pomerol?

A

L’Isle

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29
Q

Name 2 producers of Fronsac?

A 
La Dauphine, 
Fontenil, 
Dalem, 
La Huste, 
Les Trois Croix, 
La Vielle Cure
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30
Q

Name 2 producers of Fronsac?

A 
La Dauphine, 
Fontenil, 
Dalem, 
La Huste, 
Les Trois Croix, 
La Vielle Cure
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31
Q

Name 2 producers of Canon-Fronsac?

A

Gaby (owner- Tom Sullivan from Boston),

Grand Renouil

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32
Q

What is the general encepagement of the right bank vineyards?

A

70/30 merlot/CF

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33
Q

What is a common way to describe the flavors of merlot blends?

A

Fruitcake, plummy, jammy, spicey

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34
Q

Flavors of Pomerol?

A

Empyreumatic - burnt matter

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35
Q

T or F Saint Emilion Grand Cru may not be bottled by negociants

A

True! Grand Cru must be estate bottled, regular can be blended and bottled by negociant

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36
Q

T or F Saint Emilion Grand Cru is its own AOC?

A

True! Grand Cru Classes are classified estates within this appellation

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37
Q

What’s the main difference between Saint Emilion and Saint Emilion GC?

A

lower max yields and longer elevage

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38
Q

How does the Saint Emilion Cru Classe system compare to Michelin Stars?

A

GC = * (for 10 years); 1er GC B = **; 1er GC A = ***

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39
Q

T or F a classified estate in Saint Emilion may grow or shrink in size as on the Left Bank

A

False! sometimes only part of the vineyard will meet the classification standards ex. Angelus’ 27 out of 29 hectares

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40
Q

What was the most recent classification of Saint Emilion?

A

2012

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41
Q

What are the criteria for 1er GC Classe A?

A 
viticulture and winemaking, 
topography, 
soil composition, 
reputation, 
tasting analysis of a decade
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42
Q

What is the size of Pomerol?

A

800 ha

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43
Q

Where do grapes ripen earlier between Saint Emilion and Pomerol?

A

Pomerol - warming effect of gravel

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44
Q

T or F CF used to be more predominant than merlot?

A

True! this reversed after the frost of 1959 and replanting

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45
Q

Where are the best sites in Fronsac and Canon Fronsac?

A

Saillans, La Riviere - hillsides with higher limestone content

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46
Q

What is the smallest satellite of Saint Emilion

A

Saint Georges (can also be labelled Montagne - the largest)

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47
Q

What is the highest satellite and last to ripen?

A

Puisseguin

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48
Q

All of the Right Bank AOC’s (except SE GC) have a min. abv of _____

A

11% (SE GC has 11.5%)

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49
Q

West to East : Pomerol, Canon Fronsac, Castillon Cotes de Bordeaux, Saint Georges SE

A

Canon, Pomerol, Saint Georges, Castillon

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50
Q

Puisseguin is located within what larger appellation?

A

Castillon Cotes de Bordeaux

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51
Q

Angelus oak

A

No new oak prior to 1980, now about 50%

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52
Q

Of the Right Bank appellations which maintains the longest elevage?

A

Saint Emilion GC - May 15 of 2nd year after harvest;

Blaye - March 31, 2nd year after harvest

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53
Q

Hubert de Bouard owns…

A

Fleur de Bouard (Lalande),
Angelus,
Bellevue

54
Q

Who makes ‘Trilogy’?

A

Le Pin - 3 vintages of nonclassified wine (like Overture)

55
Q

Name Negociant investors who impacted Fronsac and Canon Fronsac?

A

15% Chinese ownership; Christian Moueix (sold his properties in 2000 to Carrefour owner), Michel Rolland - Ch. Fontenil

56
Q

White wines from the RB are released as…

A

Bdx blanc

57
Q

What is the major soil of Bourg?

A

Clay and limestone on a bedrock of porous stone

58
Q

Cotes de Bordeaux Castillon producer?

A

Domaine de l’A - Derenoncourt

59
Q

Francs Cotes de Bordeaux?

A

Puygueraud,

Chateau le Puy (Cotes de Bordeaux)

60
Q

What is the assemblage for Fronsac and Canon Fronsac?

A

min. 80% combined CF, CS, merlot;

acc. malbec, carmenere, pv

61
Q

Planting density minimum on the RB

A

5,500 vines/ha

62
Q

Which chateau in Fronsac was named after a Royal Personality who visited the Chateau?

A

La Dauphine (Maria Josepha?)

63
Q

What is the method for high level micro- oxygenation

A

clicquage

64
Q

Synonym for CF in Pomerol

A

Bouchet

65
Q

Synonym for Malbec

A

Pressac

66
Q

The Right Bank is the bank of which river?

A

Dordogne

67
Q

Cabernet Franc prefers what type of soil

A

Limestone

68
Q

When was the first Saint Emilion classification published? Last Revised?

A

1955 (legally enacted in ’58); 2012

69
Q

Where are the oldest cultivated vineyards in Bordeaux

A

Bourg

70
Q

Where is Chateau Roc de Cambes?

A

Cotes de Bourg (Mitjaville - Tertre Rôteboeuf)

71
Q

What differentiates the climate of the Medoc and the Right Bank?

A

Right Bank has more continental influence, less maritime

72
Q

Name the 2nd wines for the 4 GC Classe A of St Emilion

A

Le Carillon d’Angelus,
Petit Cheval,
Aromes de Pavie,
La Chappelle d’Ausone

73
Q

Which 2 chateaux were upgraded to A class in 2012?

A

Pavie & Angelus

74
Q

Name 5 B class chateaux of St Emilion

A 
Fourtet, 
Gaffeliere, 
Beausejour, 
Larcis Ducasse*, 
Beausejour Becot, 
La Mondotte*, 
Belair Monange, 
Canon, 
Macquin, 
Canon la Gaffeliere*, 
Troplong Mondot, 
Trottevielle, 
Figeac, 
Valandraud* *new in 2012
75
Q

T or F Saint Emilion Grand Cru is an appellation

A

T - wines must be estate bottled, show +.5% abv. (11.5%),

released after May 15 second year after harvest (bottled after Feb. 1),

lower max yields (46 vs. 53), higher min. must weight (189 vs 183)

76
Q

Name 2 most prominent garagistes

A

Valandraud, Le Pin, La Mondotte, Tertre Rôteboeuf

77
Q

Cotes de Castillon producers

A 
Domaine de l’A (Derenoncourt), 
l’Hetre (Thienpont), 
d’Aigulhe (Canon la Gaffeliere), 
Clos Lunelles (Pavie), 
Joanin Becot (Beausejour Becot), 
l’Aurage (Tertre Roteboeuf), 
Ampelia (Grand Corbin d’Espagne), 
Montlandrie (Eglise-Clinet), 
Clos Louie (Old Vines), 
Clos Puy Arnaud (Thierry Valette), 
Veyry, 
Cap de Faugères
78
Q

Which of the St Emilion GC A class are on the Cotes?

A

Angelus, Ausone (calcaire a asteries, favorable aspect - frost immunity), Pavie

79
Q

Which is SE classe A on the Graves?

A

Cheval Blanc

80
Q

Advantage of vineyards on the Cotes

A

Frost protection due to aspect toward sun, and shelter from the North and West from the escarpment

81
Q

White wine from the right bank can be labelled as?

A

Bordeaux blanc AOP

82
Q

When did merlot come to dominate plantings in the RB?

A

Post-phylloxera,
late-ripening cabernet sauvignon was susceptible to frost and the cooler temperatures,
1956 frost also decimated some vineyards

83
Q

The highest percentage of Chinese-owned estates are in what appellation?

A

Fronsac

84
Q

St. Emilion is located between which 2 rivers?

A

Dordogne & Barbanne

85
Q

Pomerol between what 2 rivers?

A

Isle & Barbanne

86
Q

Soil type of Fronsac and Canon Fronsac?

A

Molasses du Fronsadais (soft limestone and clay)

87
Q

1 producer from each

A

Fronsac - Ch. la Riviere, Dalem, Dauphine, La Vielle Cure;

Canon - Ch. Gaby, Grand Renouil

88
Q

Communes of Lalande de Pomerol

A

Lalande & Neac

89
Q

What commune of St. Emilion and Pomerol gives its name to the french name for the right bank vineyards?

A

Libourne

90
Q

Best RB vintages in last 20 years?

A

16, ’10, ’05 (potentially also ’19, ’15)

91
Q

Best RB vintages before the new millennium?

A

’98, ’90, ’82, ’75, ’61, ‘59

92
Q

What is the typical training method for the RB?

A

Single Guyot, Lower density plantings (5,500 vs 7,000), Higher trellising

93
Q

Which of these Cotes de Bordeaux appellations produce red wines only: Castillon, Cotes de Blaye, Blaye, Francs, Cotes de Bourg

A

Castillon, Blaye

94
Q

Which RB Cotes de Bordeaux appellation white wine is based on Colombard and Ugni Blanc?

A

Cotes de Blaye (blanc sec only) - history of white wine distillation for cognac

95
Q

Name of the annual harvest festival in St. Emilion ?

A

La Jurade

96
Q

Which wine styles can be made from Blaye? Cote de Blaye? Blaye Cotes de Bordeaux?

A

reds; dry whites, reds and dry whites

97
Q

Chateau Figeac not included in classe A in 2006 because…

A

prices were too low

98
Q

RB proprietors with wineries in Napa

A

Christian Moueix - Dominus; Teyssier-World’s End

99
Q

Largest Pomerol Estate

A

Chateau de Sales - 47ha

100
Q

Pomerol vineyards located on/near the buttoniere de Petrus?

A

La Fleur, VCC, Evangile, Conseillante,

101
Q

Michel Rolland consults for …

A

Pavie, Angelus, Ausone … Bon Pasteur (his), La Mondotte, Valandraud, Fontenil

102
Q

Classifications of St. Emilion

A

55, 69, 85, 96, ’06 since 2006 INAO, 2012 … next 2022

103
Q

2 newcomers to classe B

A

La Mondotte, La Valandraud, Larcis-Ducasse, Canon la Gaffeliere

104
Q

Only AOP which does not permit carmenere?

A

Pomerol

105
Q

Who produces Trilogie 2nd label?

A

Le Pin

106
Q

Saint Emilion - 3 communes (9)

A

Libourne, Saint-Laurent des Combes, Saint Emilion, Saint-Etienne-de-Lis, Vignonet

107
Q

Chateau Petrus WM - Jean Claude Berrouet consults for whom in Cali?

A

Twomey

108
Q

Grand Vidure is synonym for which grape?

A

Carmenere

109
Q

Which river flows between Pomerol and Lalande de Pomerol?

A

Barbanne

110
Q

Rank the 4 GC A’s by price

A

Ausone, Cheval Blanc, Angelus, Pavie

111
Q

GC’s from West to East

A

Cheval Blanc, Angelus, Ausone, Pavie

112
Q

Favorable/Unfavorable vintages of 2010s

A

Fave - 2016, 2010

Bad - 2011, 2013

113
Q

10 appellations of the Right Bank

A 
Saint Em, 
SE GC, 
Lalande, 
Pom, 
Frons, 
Can Frons, 
Puisseguin, Lussac, St George, Montagne
114
Q

% of total Bordeaux output of those 10 RB appellations

A

10%

115
Q

Saint Emilion GC - petit verdot may not exceed

A

10%

116
Q

Largest cabernet sauvignon holdings in Pomerol

A

Chateau de Sales

117
Q

How are estates unofficially classified in Pomerol?

A

Proximity to Petrus

118
Q

2nd wines VCC, LaFleur

A

Gravette, Pensees

119
Q

Saint Emilion producers on the Graves soils

A

Cheval Blanc, Figeac,

120
Q

Average size of vineyard holding in Saint Emilion?

A

7ha

121
Q

Largest vineyard in Saint Emilion

A

Ch. Fombrauge, Ch. Laroque = about 60ha

122
Q

sandy soil Saint Emilions

A

Monbousquet, Tessier, Canon la Gaffeliere

123
Q

smallest vineyard holdings in Saint Emilion

A

Clos Saint Martin (1.3ha) - BIVB

124
Q

Saint Emilion GCs NOT pursuing classification A or B

A

Tertre Rôteboeuf, Le Dome

125
Q

Jean Pierre Moueix

A

Purchased Petrus from Madame Loubat

126
Q

Best commune in Lalande de Pomerol

A

Neac - deeper clay and gravel similar to Pomerol, and better exposures

127
Q

Lalande Producers

A

Lafleur Bouard

128
Q

Saint Emilion satellite producers

A

Ch. de Saint George,
Teyssier (Puisseguin),
Belair (Puisseguin),
Ch. de Barbe Blanche (Lurton)

129
Q

Widely exported Fronsac

A

Richelieu,
de la Riviere,
Vielle Cure

130
Q

Best village in Fronsac

A

Saillans (Fontenil & Vielle Cure)

131
Q

Does Bourg/Cotes de Bourg comply with the Cotes de Bordeaux AOP?

A

NO - it retains its own cahier des charges (unlike Blaye)

132
Q

Why did Cheval and Ausone pull out of classification in 2021?

A

New classification standards included tourism infrastructure, social media presence, and product placement.

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