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Spain Flashcards

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1
Q

How does Raventos i Blanc label their Cavas?

A

Conca del Riu Anoia (Raventos left the Cava DO in 2012 - Anoia River Valley is specific soil type, fossilized marine sediment, proposed 18 month minimum en tirage - still unofficial)

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2
Q

What is another name for xarello and where is it called by that name?

A

Pansa Blanca - Alella

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3
Q

Where is the Raimat sub zone located?

A

Costers del Segre

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4
Q

What are the recommended grapes of Priorat? Vi de Vila wines must contain what percent of recommended grapes? What does Vi de Guarda signify?

A

Garnaxta and Samso (Carinyena); 60% or 50% if only one is present; aged minimum 1 year in oak

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5
Q

What is the aging required for Vi de Guarda in Priorat DOQ?

A

12 months

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6
Q

What does Velles Vinyes signify in Priorat DOQ?

A

vines planted prior to 1945

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7
Q

CDP min. abv; Priorat min. abv

A

12% (highest in France); 13.5%

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8
Q

Vino de Pueblo classification exists in what DO?

A

village wine - Priorat (2009), Bierzo and Rioja (2017), Rueda (2019)

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9
Q

Priorat Classifications :
Vi de Finca (Catalonia-wide)
Vi de Paratge
Vi de Vinya
Vi de Gran Vinya (Consell Regulador 2019)

A

Single vineyard
Single parcel
Single zone (lieux dits)
1er Cru
Grand Cru

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10
Q

What is ‘Vimblanc’ ?

A

A sweet, late harvest wine made in Tarragona DO

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11
Q

Trepat’ is considered a specialty for which DOs cava, rosados, and light, spicy reds?

A

Conca de Barbera

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12
Q

What are the sub zones of Costers del Segre? Which is the most famous?

A

Urgell
Garrigues
Pallars Jussa
Artesa de Segre
Segria
Vall del Riucorb

and Raimat - Raimat was purchased by Manuel Raventos of Codorniu in 1914 - helped to launch the viticultural technology revolution for the region (had to revitalize the land)

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13
Q

What DO is known for its ‘saulo’ soils?

A

Alella - sandy granite, some schist in the Valles area - good for Xarello (Pansa Blanca)

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14
Q

Pla de Bages DO is best known for what type of wines?

A

Whites from macabeo and picapoll blanca (distinct from picpoul)

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15
Q

What defines the Emporda DO?

A

Similar VDN wine styles to Roussillon - overlaps with Collioure AOC and Banyuls AOC and reds from Carinyena, affected by the Tramontana - fierce, cold wind blowing from the Massif Central

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16
Q

What is the major production center of Cava?

A

San Sadurni d’Anoia (75%) in Catalonia (95% all cava production)

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17
Q

What do each of the main cava grapes contribute to the blend?

A

Macabeo - fruit, breadth, structure

Xarello - earth, mid-palate, longevity

Parellada - soft (less acid), floral, finesse

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18
Q

Why does macabeo make up the majority of cava blends?

A

It buds late - less susceptible to frost

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19
Q

What grape contributes more of the traditional earthy aromas of Cava?

A

Xarello

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20
Q

Trepat may only be used for rose cava T or F?

A

TRUE

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21
Q

Max. press yield for Cava

vs. Champagne

vs. Fino Sherry

A

100 L / 150 kg vs.

102 L / 160 kg vs.

70 L / 100 kg (Champagne strictest)

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22
Q

Where does “Classic Penedes” fall in classification?

A

A subclass of Penedes DO

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23
Q

What grapes are allowed in Classic Penedes?

A

Macabeu, Xarel·lo, Parellada, Subirat Parent (Malvasia), Moscatell d’Alexandria, Moscatell de Gra Petit, Malvasia de Sitges, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling, Gewürztraminer, Chenin Blanc, Garnacha, Carignan, Sumoll, Pinot Noir

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24
Q

‘Classic Penedes’ wines must be ‘Reserva’ at minimum

A

True - min. 15 months on the lees but up to 15 years!

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25
Q

Which Cava must be organic?

A

Classic Penedes and Corpinnat

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26
Q

Producers of Classic Penedes

A

Colet, AT Roca, Albet i Noya

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27
Q

Minimum bottle aging for Cave de Paraje Calificado?

Examples?

A

36 months - hand harvested, single vyd, 10 yrs old

Juve y Camps - Capella

Codorniu - El Tros Nou, La Pleta, La Fiduera

Freixenet - Can Sala

Alta Alella - Vallcirera

Pere Ventura - Can Bas

Vins El Cep - Can Prats

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28
Q

What does Corpinnat mean?

A

“Heart of Penedes”

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29
Q

What is Corpinnat?

A

Growers association founded in 2019

Members:
Llopart, 
Gramona, 
Recaredo, 
Mas Candia
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30
Q

Minimum bottle aging for Corpinnat?

A

18 months - mandatory hand harvest and organic and vintage dated

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31
Q

Which unofficial sub zone of Penedes is best for Cava grapes?

A

Mitja Penedes - 250 - 500 m altitude

baix (maritim) best for garnacha, monastrell, carinyena

superior best for cool-climate grapes 500 - 800 m chardonnay, cf, riesling, pn

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32
Q

2020 changes to Cava production law

A

Reserva min. 18 months in barrel; max yield 10 tons/ha; vintage or multi-vintage dated bottles; Cava de Guarda Superior (Reserva, GR, de Paraje Calificado) must be organically farmed from vines of at least 10 years

New regulations for Cava D.O. went public and official in late June 2021. Because these changes will slowly filter into the market and you’ll see a mix of new and old labeling, they are listed separately from the prior standards.
What’s New:

○Normal Cava is rebranded as Cava de Guarda

○Reserva, Gran Reserva, and Cava de Paraje Calificado now form a group branded as Cava de Guarda Superior (See Notes).

○Reserva now requires 18 months on the lees.

○Elaborador Integral is a stamp to signify a grower-producer from 100% of their own estate.

○Producers may now append 4 geographic subzones: Valle del Ebro (Rioja), Comtats de Barcelona (Catalonia), Vinedos de Almendralejo (Ribera del Guadiana), and the yet to be officially named region in Valencia in the existing Utiel-Requena DO.

○Cava de Guarda Superior:
Vineyards must be a minimum 10 years old
Max yield of 10,000 kilos/ha
Must be vintage-dated
100% organically farmed
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33
Q

Origin of Cava

A

1870s Josep Raventos after he visited France, married into Codorniu family - the name “Cava” was chosen in 1970 after Champana was disallowed

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34
Q

Define ‘en vaso,’ ‘en espaldera,’ and ‘parrales’

A

gobelet, bush trained; guyot, cordon wire trellised, pergola

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35
Q

What is the minimum amount of tempranillo required in vinos tintos from
a) Rioja
b) Ribera del Duero
c) Toro
d) Arlanza ?

A

0%

75%

75%

75%

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36
Q

Spain is the largest exporter of rose wine T or F

A

True! and second behind France in global production (25%)

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37
Q

What are the 2 overarching interregional DOs within Spain?

A

Catalunya DO (does not permit sparkling) and Islas Canarias DO

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38
Q

Cava may be produced in which 7 autonomias?

A

Catalonia
Valencia (monastrell)
Pais Vasco
Aragon
La Rioja
Navarra
Extramadura

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39
Q

Txakoli translates to?

A

“farm wine”

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40
Q

Best producers of Txakoli concentrated in which DO?

A

Bizkaiko

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41
Q

Traditional Txakoli DO?

A

Getariako

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42
Q

Newest, smallest, inland DO for Txakoli?

A

Arabako (Alava)

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43
Q

What are the sub zones of Navarra? Which of these contain DO Pagos?

A

Valdizarbe* (Otazu),

Baja Montana,

Tierra Estella* (Senorio di Arinzano, Prado Irache),

Ribera Alta,

Ribera Baja

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44
Q

In which autonomia is Pamplona and the running of the bulls?

A

Navarra - lasts for 9 days in July

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45
Q

Navarra rosado is not permitted to be made by direct pressing T or F?

A

True! only saignee method allowed - considered better quality, darker hue

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46
Q

Navarra crianza aging requirement? (other terms same as general Spain)

A

2 years, 9 months in oak (3 months longer in barrel)

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47
Q

Where in Navarra are the oldest garnacha vines located?

A

Baja Montana

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48
Q

What are the aging requirements for Rioja red wines vs. Spanish red wines in general?

(All Spain oak aging in increments of 6 months)

A

Rioja - crianza - 2yr, 1 barrel,
reserva - 3yr, 1 barrel, 6mo bottle,
gran reserva - 5yr, 2yr barrel, 2yr bottle;

All Spain - crianza 2yr, 6mo barrel,
reserva - 3yr, 1yr barrel,
gran reserva - 5yr, 18mo barrel

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49
Q

Spain’s first DOCa?

A

Rioja 1991

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50
Q

What was the purpose of the ‘mallas’ wire cage on Rioja bottles?

A

countermeasure to fraud in the early 1900s

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51
Q

What are the rules for Vinedos Singulares in Rioja?

A

Vines are 35 + years old, vineyard must pass soil assessment, vineyard must have a 10-year history, grapes must be hand-harvested, yields must be 20 hl/ha less than the regional maximum (45 hl/ha for whites; 32.5 for reds), consejo can assume control of vineyard to ensure no manipulation

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52
Q

Where was the first Consejo Regulador established?

A

Rioja 1925

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53
Q

Where are the Yerga mountains located?

A

Rioja Oriental

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54
Q

Where is the tradition of carbonic maceration most practiced for tempranillo?

A

Rioja Alavesa

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55
Q

Which mountain range shields the vineyards of Rioja from the Atlantic?

A

Sierra Cantabria

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56
Q

Rioja vintages are divided into what types of years?

A

Atlantic or Mediterranean

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57
Q

What are the grapes allowed for Rioja?

A

garnacha, mazeulo (carignan), graciano, maturana tinta (trousseau)

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58
Q

White Rioja is typically a blend of what two grapes?

A

Viura and Malvasia (CH, SB, Verdejo principles w/ Maturana Blanca, Tempranillo Blanca, Turruntes de Rioja)

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59
Q

Aging for Rioja Espumoso (crianza)

A

15 months

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60
Q

Espumoso Calidad Reserva

A

24 months

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61
Q

Espumoso Gran Anada aging req.

A

36 months

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62
Q

Cava can also be produced in villages in Rioja T or F?

A

True - certain villages are authorized

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63
Q

Where are the traditional bodegas of Rioja located?

A

Haro - Barrio de la Estacion (Lopez de Heredia, La Rioja Alta, CVNE)

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64
Q

What is required for Vino de Vila (Municipio) Rioja DOCa?

A

Production facilities must also be located in area to list the village of the vineyard on the label (15% allowance from the neighboring municipality after 10 years)

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65
Q

Vinyedos Singulares requirements for Rioja DOCa?

A

vines are 35+ years old, stricter yields (30% lower - whites 45 hl/ha; reds 32 hl/ha), consejo regulador tasting panel

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66
Q

Traditional vs. Modern in Rioja DOCa?

A

varietal and regional blending (with dominance of tempranillo from rioja alta), open top fermentation, 225 L american oak casks, adherence to aging classification system (crianza, reserva, gran reserva) VS. monovarietal and tempranillo wines, single subregion/zone/vineyard, cold-soaking, temperature controlled, stainless steel ferments, shorter elevage in European oak

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67
Q

Who makes ‘Cirsion’?

A

Bodegas Roda - Rioja

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68
Q

Who makes ‘Ygay’?

A

Marques de Murrieta - Rioja

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69
Q

Who makes ‘GR 890’ ‘GR 904’?

A

La Rioja Alta - GR 890 (1890 - founding) spends 6 years in oak; 904 spends 4 years and has more Graciano (1904 - merger with Vina Ardanza)

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70
Q

Who makes Garnacha Quinon de Valmira?

A

Alvaro Palacios - pure garnacha from Rioja Oriental

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71
Q

T or F Vinyedos Singulares must come from a single vineyard?

A

FALSE - winery must have ownership or effective control of all vineyards through contracts - but stated vineyard must have 100% fruit from that vineyard (?)

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72
Q

What are the two westernmost DOs on the Duero River?

A

Tierra del Vino de Zamora & Arribes (Portuguese border)

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73
Q

What is Gran Vino de Rueda

A

vines are 30+ years old, stricter yields

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74
Q

Bierzo quality pyramid (5 levels)

A

Vino de la Region,
Vino de Villa,
Vino de Paraje (lieu dit),
Vino de Vina Classificada (1er Cru), Gran Vino de Vina Classificada (Grand Cru)

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75
Q

Unofficial subzones of Bierzo (2)

A

Bajo Bierzo - alluvial; Alto Bierzo - quartz and slate, higher quality

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76
Q

Rueda Dorado

A

Fortified Palomino & Verdejo, sometimes flor-affected rancio wine aged in solera or demijohns

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77
Q

Rueda soil type

A

Limestone plateau with lots of gravel

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78
Q

Rueda Palido

A

Fortified Palomino & Verdejo, biological aging for a min. 3 years

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79
Q

Rueda grapes

A

No requirement for varietal wines, must contain 50% verdejo or SB (both principal varieties) may be blended with palomino, viura, chardonnay, or viognier

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80
Q

Rueda Espumoso Gran Anada

A

min. 36 months on the lees

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81
Q

What is the only white grape permitted for Ribera del Duero DO?

A

Albillo Mayor (min. 75%) (white wines allowed since 2019) - Dominio del Aguila producer

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82
Q

Cigales DO soil type? What are ‘luceras’?

A

galets roules like CDP, tall air vents that light the underground cellars in the region

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83
Q

What is the dominant grape of Tierra de Leon DO (70% plantings)

A

Prieto Picudo

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84
Q

What is the name of Vega Sicilia’s project in Toro DO?

A

Pintia

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85
Q

White wine from Toro is made from what grape?

A

verdejo

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86
Q

What are the major grapes of Arribes DO? (Borders the Douro)

A

Brunal (berryish) and Juan Garcia (herbal, aromatic); others - tempranillo, rufete, garnacha, mencia,

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87
Q

Arribes DO is located where?

A

East of the Douro Superior

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88
Q

Who makes ‘Perez Pascuas’?

A

Bodegas Hermanos - Ribera del Duero

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89
Q

Who makes ‘Corullon’?

A

Descendientes de J Palacios - Bierzo

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90
Q

Quality producer from Arlanza?

A

Olivier Riviere - Tinta del Pais, Albillo/Viura

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91
Q

What are the communes of Ribera del Duero?

A

Valladolid, Burgos, Segovia, Soria

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92
Q

Valladolid estates

A

Vega, Pesquera, Pingus

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93
Q

Burgos estates

A

Vina Sastre, Aalto

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94
Q

Pingus history

A

Inaugrual vintage 1995. The average vine age is 65 years, main parcel vines planted in 1929. Yields are less than 1 ton/acre. Soils are gravel and sand over chalk and clay.. Aged in barriques of varying newness.

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95
Q

When did Rias Baixas become a DO?

A

1980 name was changed in 1988 - originally was called “Albarino”

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96
Q

DO’s of Galicia from West to East:

A

Rias Baixas, Ribeiro, Ribeira Sacra, Monterrei (South), Valdeorras

97
Q

Albarino is combined with what grape in the Rias Baixas subzone of a) O Rosal? b) Condado do Tea?

A

Loureiro, Treixadura

98
Q

What is vina tostada and where is it produced?

A

Dried grape wine (dried to 350 g/L must weight), Ribeiro, grapes must be dried for 3 months, aged 6 months, released after 3 years

99
Q

What is the soil type of Rias Baixas?

A

Decomposed granite called ‘xabre’

100
Q

Which sub zone of Rias Baixas may not appear on labels?

A

Soutomaior

101
Q

Red varieties of Rias Baixas

A

caino, espadeiro, souson, tempranillo, brancellao

102
Q

Ribera Sacra sits at the nexus of which two major rivers of Galicia?

A

The Mino and the Sil

103
Q

Subregions of Ribera Sacra?

A

Amandi, Chantada, Quiroga-Bibei, Riberas do Sil, Riberas do Mino

104
Q

Best quality and most historic subregion of Ribera Sacra?

A

Amandi

105
Q

Major white grape of Ribeiro? Red grape?

A

Treixadura, Caino

106
Q

What is the name of a 100-year old Mencia vineyard in Ribera Sacra?

A

Finca Pombeiras (Guimaro)

107
Q

Great vintners in Ribera Sacra?

A

Laura Lorenzo, Dominio Bibei Lalama, Envinate, Castro Candaz, Guimaro

108
Q

What does ‘Summum’ mean on a bottle of Ribera Sacra?

A

85% principal grapes (60% mencia) for reds Merenzao, Brancellao, Sousón, Caiño Tinto, 100% principal grapes for whites Albariño, Godello, Treixadura, Loureira, Torrontés, Dona Branca, no aging, abv, or ripeness requirements

109
Q

What does “Castes Noble” mean for Valdeorras?

A

85% preferred grapes (Godello, Loureira, Treixadura, Dona Branca, Albariño, Torrontés, Lado) Rojo: (Mencía, Tempranillo, Merenzao, Brancellao, Sousón, Caiño Tinto, Espadeiro, Ferrón)

110
Q

Major red grapes of Ribera Sacra

A

Mencia, Merenzao, Souson, Brancellao, Caino

111
Q

Major white grapes of Ribera Sacra

A

Albarino, Loureiro, Treixadura, Godello, Dona Branca, Torrontes

112
Q

Main white grape of Monterrei

A

Dona Blanca - Quinta da Muradella

113
Q

Monterrei is on what river?

A

Tamega

114
Q

What are the 4 DOs of Aragon?

A

Campo de Borja, Calatayud, Carinena, Somontano

115
Q

What are the requirements for ‘Calatayud Superior’?

A

50 year-old vines, 85% garnacha

116
Q

How old must vines be to be labelled Calatayud DO ‘Vinas Viejas’?

A

35 years old

117
Q

Where is Alto Moncayo located?

A

Campo de Borja DO - ‘Aquilon’ top cuvee

118
Q

Local outlier grapes of Somontano DO

A

Alcanon (white), Paralleta and Moristel (reds)

119
Q

Which DO does not permit wines to be made from vines less than 6 years old? In which Autonomia is it located?

A

Ucles, Castilla-la-Mancha

120
Q

What are the DOs of Castilla-La Mancha (8)?

A

La Mancha, Mentrida, Mondejar, Ucles, Ribera del Jucar, Manchuela, Almansa, Valdepenas

121
Q

DOs north of La Mancha

A

Mentrida, Vinos de Madrid, Mondejar, Ucles

122
Q

DOs east of La Mancha

A

Ribera del Jucar, Manchuela, Utiel Requena, Almansa

123
Q

DOs south of La Mancha

A

Valdepenas

124
Q

What is the largest industry in Castilla-La Mancha DO?

A

Sheep farming (manchego)

125
Q

What is ‘marco real’?

A

Vine spacing of 2.5 meters to reduce competition for water - used in La Mancha DO - head trained vines

126
Q

What is the most commonly grown grape in La Mancha DO?

A

cencibel - tempranillo (bobal also common)

127
Q

Which La Mancha DO abuts Utiel-Requena DO and features high plantings of bobal?

A

Manchuela DO - also whites made from macabeo

128
Q

Along with Manchuela DO, which other DO is the middle ground between the Levant and the Meseta Central?

A

Almansa DO - limestone hills mostly planted with monastrell

129
Q

Which DO, along with Vinos de Madrid DO, can produce quality garnacha near the Gredos mountains?

A

Mentrida DO

130
Q

Where is Dominio de Valdepusa (Marques de Grignon) located?

A

Mentrida DO

131
Q

Which DOs to the east of Madrid and north of La Mancha are dominated by tempranillo?

A

Mondejar DO and Ucles DO

132
Q

Ribera del Jucar main grapes

A

blanco - moscatel, SB; rojo - cencibel, bobal

133
Q

Extramadura is famous for what agricultural product?

A

jamon serrano - black-legged pigs - pata negra

134
Q

What are the sub zones of Ribera del Guadiana DO?

A

Tierra de Barros (most important), Ribera Alta, Ribera Baja, Canamero, Montanchez, Matanegra

135
Q

What are VOS and VORS sherry?

A

Very Old (Vinus Optimum Signatum) lot of drawn wine that spends an average of 20 yrs in solera; Very Old Rare (Vinus Optimum Rare Signatum) lot of drawn wine that spent an average of 30 yrs in solera

136
Q

What is the term for a lot of drawn wine from a solera which is then bottled?

A

“saca”

137
Q

What is the largest, most important Pago in Jerez?

A

Macharnudo (Valdespino Tio Diego amontillado, Innocente Fino)

138
Q

Where are you most likely to find “viejo” style wines in Spain?

A

Condado de Huelva in Andalucia northwest of San Lucar de Barrameda, generoso wines aged minimum 3 years in solera with marked oxidative character

139
Q

What is the style of Condado de Huelva?

A

Sherry style - Candado Palido = Fino, Condado Viejo = Oloroso

140
Q

What is the major grape of Condado de Huelva?

A

Zalema

141
Q

Which bodega owns the most land in Jerez?

A

Valdespino

142
Q

What is the general difference between amontillado and palo cortado?

A

amontillado spends more than 2 years under flor, palo cortado less than 2 years (redirected to oxidative aging in sobretablas)

143
Q

What is the most used grape for generoso wines from Condado de Huelva DO?

A

zalema

144
Q

Dry wines from Sierras de Malaga DO come from what part of the region?

A

High elevation sites with continental climes 750+ m altitude, “dry” wines are less than 12 g/L RS

145
Q

What is the name for muscatel grano menudo in Malaga?

A

moscatel morisco

146
Q

What is the only native red grape of Malaga?

A

Romé

147
Q

vinas de uvas pasificadas dulce

A

sweet wines from dried grapes (unfortified)

148
Q

vino de licor

A

fortified

149
Q

vino maestro

A

mistela

150
Q

vino tierno

A

sun-dried and fortified

151
Q

vino naturalmente dulce

A

unfortified PX or muscatel

152
Q

vino de uvas sobremaduras

A

late harvest (passerillage sur souche)

153
Q

vino dulce natural

A

fortified

154
Q

vino naturelemente dulce

A

unfortified - overripe

155
Q

Dry table wines can be produced in Malaga DO T or F?

A

True! from 70% PX, moscatel (grano menudo or alejandria)

156
Q

What are the age designations for Malaga Vinos de Licor?

A

Palido (6 mo), Malaga, (6mo-24mo), Noble (2-3 yr), Anejo (3-5 yr), Transanejo (5+ yr)

157
Q

Name 2 important producers of Manzanilla sherry

A

Barbadillo, la Cigarrera, Hidalgo (la Gitana), La Guita

158
Q

What is the equivalent of amontillado in Sanlucar de Barrameda?

A

Manzanilla Pasada

159
Q

What is the largest Pago of the Jerez Superior?

A

Macharnudo (Valdespino Tio Diego amontillado, Innocente Fino)

160
Q

What is Dulce Pasa?

A

sunned palomino mistela

161
Q

What is Dulce de Almibar

A

invert sugar and fino (rarely used)

162
Q

What are Vinos de Color (sancocho or arrope) ?

A

boiled, reduced syrup and must that are used to adjust color and sweetness (sancocho - 1/3; arrope 1/5)

163
Q

Cream sherry is a blend of what style of sherry?

A

Oloroso

164
Q

Pale Cream?

A

Fino

165
Q

Medium? (Golden, Milk, Brown)

A

Amontillado

166
Q

Sherry is fortified with _____ e ______

A

Mitad y Mitad - palomino must and aguardiente

167
Q

For every liter drawn from a solera, ___ must remain

A

two (formerly three)

168
Q

How does the presence of flor affect a wine?

A

Flor metabolizes glycerin, alcohol, and volatile acids - builds up acetaldehydes

169
Q

What is the traditional fermentation and aging vessel for sherry?

A

American Oak butts - 600-650L

170
Q

2 provinces of Andalucia

A

Cadiz and Sevilla

171
Q

What helps the growth of flor?

A

60-70F, absence of fermentable sugars, humidity (poniente), fortification to 15.5%

172
Q

Jerez Superior is located where?

A

Sanlucar and Guadalete

173
Q

Who makes ‘Sacristia AB’?

A

Barbadillo - Aged Manzanilla Sherry

174
Q

What are the sub zones of Vinos de Madrid DO?

A

Agranda, Navalcarnero, San Martin de Valdiglesias (Gredos area), El Molar

175
Q

Which sub zone has the most limestone plateaux and recommends tempranillo as opposed to garnacha?

A

Agranda

176
Q

What is the ‘Albillos y Garnachas de Gredos’ ?

A

A growers association imposing stricter regulations than the Vinos De Madrid DO

177
Q

Quality white wine grape from Madrid?

A

Malvar

178
Q

What are the DOs of Valencia?

A

Valencia, Alicante (Fondillon), Utiel-Requena (Doble Pasta)

179
Q

Valencia DO subzones (4)

A

Alto Turia, Clariano, Valentino, Moscatel de Valencia

180
Q

Valencia DO major wine styles

A

blanco - merseguera, macabeo; moscatel de Alejandria mistela/VDN; tinto - garnacha tintorera, tempranillo, monastrell

181
Q

What is ‘Fondillon?’

A

Oloroso-like wine from Alicante DO made from monastrell grapes that are harvested late - fermentation stops with between 20-50 g/L RS, aged for a minimum 10 years, can have strong rancio character; historic producer - Primitivo Quiles

182
Q

What is the average age of bobal plantings in Utiel-Requena DO?

A

40 years

183
Q

‘suertes’

A

vineyard plots on Tenerife

184
Q

‘ceniza’

A

sandy mixture of ash and lava on Lanzarote (30 active volcanoes on Tenerife)

185
Q

‘hoyos’ or ‘in geria’

A

cone-shaped pits dug into the ash of Lanzarote so the vines can root into the subsoil - surrounded by stone cairns

186
Q

‘zanjas’

A

linear trenches dug into the ash lined with stone mounds

187
Q

vino de tea

A

rancio style aged in 500 liter pine casks produced on La Palma (Islas Canarias)

188
Q

Canary blancos

A

listan blanco, marmajuelo (tropical), malvasia (di Lipari), malvasia volcanica (Lanzarote, Lipari x marmajuelo), forastera blanca (La Gomera), vilariego blanco

189
Q

Canary tintos

A

listan negro, listan prieto (arrived from mainland Spain LATER than to the Americas), negramoll (fruity, herbal), tintilla (bastardo), baboso, vijariego (sumoll), castella

190
Q

“trenzado”

A

braided cordons

191
Q

La Gomera “tradicional”

A

90% forastera blanca

192
Q

Mallorca DOs

A

Pla i Llevant, Binissalem

193
Q

Mallorca white grapes

A

moll (prensal blanc), moscatel

194
Q

Mallorca red grapes

A

manto negro (light) - Jose Ferrer, callet (dark) - Anima Negra

195
Q

Why is Graciano gaining popularity in Rioja?

A

It provides good acidity relative to tempranillo despite the warm climate

196
Q

Rioja permitted grapes

A

95% authorized varieties (85% if de-stemmed - can be Bordeaux grapes) - Tempranillo, Garnacha, Mazuelo, Graciano, Maturana Tinta

Viura, Malvasia, Garnacha, Verdejo, SB, CH - no min. grape requirements

197
Q

Producers of Rioja blanco

A

CVNE (fino sherry blended in), Tondonia blanco, Vina Gravonia, Muga,
Castillo Ygay blanco,
Remelluri,
El Coto

198
Q

Tondonia rose aging

A

4.5 years in barrel

199
Q

‘supurao’ (Rioja)

A

sweet, dried grape wine similar to Recioto delle Valpolicella

200
Q

when did the name “Cava” come into use?

A

1972 - formerly “xampany”

201
Q

Was Codorniu the first sparkling wine from Catalonia?

A

NO - 1879 Codorniu produced it’s first, professor Villanueva’s agriculture students were the first to produce in 1872 (and had significant commercial production before Cordonieu)

202
Q

What was the Cordoniu contribution?

A

Jose Raventos made the first cava based on the three cava grapes

203
Q

Penedes soils

A

clay, chalk, sand - granite (saulo) in Alella, alluvial in Tarragona

204
Q

High quality Cava producers

A

Gramona (biodynamic, long aging) - Celler Battle, Enoteca; Recaredo (biodynamic, terroir focus) Turo d’en Mota, Subtil

205
Q

Who makes Grandes Murailles?

A

Miguel Torres - Conca de Barbera - Carinena/Garnacha

206
Q

What is ‘vino de aguja’

A

semi-sparkling wine

207
Q

Where is Malvasia de Sitges?

A

Penedes - late harvest vino dulce or vino di licor

208
Q

Pla de Bages specialty

A

picapoll

209
Q

Tarragona Classico?

A

Fortified wine

210
Q

High quality Bierzo producers

A

Palacios, Raul Perez, Dominio de Tares, Pittacum

211
Q

Juan Garcia and Brunal are grapes of what DO

A

Arribes (Arribes de Duero)

212
Q

Rueda Palido

A

3 years biological aging

213
Q

Rueda Dorado

A

4 years, 2 in wood

214
Q

Gran Vino de Rueda

A

vines over 30 years, lowest yields

215
Q

Top Rueda producers

A

Riscal, Ossian (not invoking DO - Castilla), Pariente, Naia, Ramon Bilbao

216
Q

Rufete is a major grape of what DO

A

Sierra de Salamanca (Vinos la Zorra)

217
Q

Prieto Picudo is a major grape of what DO

A

Tierra de Leon (Pardevalles)

218
Q

Viriejo is a major grape of what DO

A

Granada

219
Q

What is Malaga ‘pajarete’

A

A traditional style of Málaga (Vino de Licor or Vino Naturalmente Dulce) produced without the addition of arrope

220
Q

What is Malaga ‘Lagrima’

A

A traditional style of Málaga Vino de Licor produced without any mechanical pressing

221
Q

What is Malaga ‘Lacrimae Christi’

A

Lágrima wines aged a min. 2 years in oak

222
Q

What is Malaga Vendimia Asoleada?

A

Wines produced solely from Pedro Ximénez and/or Moscatel dried through the “soleo” method

223
Q

Is fondillon from Alicante fortified?

A

NO - it is made from overripe grapes, ferments naturally, and ages for 10+ years in solera

224
Q

What is the grape specialty of Almansa DO

A

Alicante Bouschet (Garnacha Tintorera)

225
Q

What regions are contained in NW Spain (Green Spain)

A

Galicia, Asturias, Cantabria, Pais Vasco

226
Q

Top producers of Rias Baixas

A

DO Ferreiro (Gerardo Mendez), Santiago Ruiz, Pazo de Senorans, Forjas del Salnes, Terras Gauda

227
Q

In the 16th century, Ribeiro was called

A

Rivadavia - very popular with the English Court

228
Q

“colleiteiro” wines in Ribeiro

A

produce less than 600 hl/year (60,000L), and it is always estate bottled, own grapes, everything done boutique

229
Q

Who makes As Sortes

A

Rafael Palacios - Godello

230
Q

Styles of Txakoli

A 
Blanco
Rosado
Tinto
Fermentado en Barrica
Espumoso
Vendimia Tardia
231
Q

Authorized grapes of Txakoli

A

Hondarribi Zuri, Gros Manseng (izkiriota), Petit Courbu (ondarrabi zuri zerratia), Riesling, Chardonnay

232
Q

Grapes authorized for Cava

A

Xarello, Macabeo, Parallada
CH, Subirat Parent (Malvasia)

Trepat, Garnacha, PN, Monastrell

233
Q

Define “joven”

And “roble”

A

Joven - aged less than 3 months

Roble - Aged in oak at least 3 months

234
Q

Malvasia de Sitges is a specialty of

A

Penedes - fortified

235
Q

Min. % authorized grapes for

Rioja Rosado

Ribera Rosado

A

25%

50%

236
Q

What is the sole DO of the Extramadura?

Sole producer of Cava from here?

A

Ribera del Guadiana

Bodega Inviosa

237
Q

How long must Rias Baixas “blanco barrica” be aged in oak?

A

3 months in less than 600L

238
Q

Which 2 Spanish autonomias do not produce any DO wines?

A

Asturias

Cantabria

239
Q

What is a venencia?

A

A tool for drawing sherry samples

Master Sommelier Theory (68 decks)

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