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Master Sommelier Theory > Hungary / Eastern Europe > Flashcards

Hungary / Eastern Europe Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

minimum barrel aging for tokaj aszu?

A

18 months

Aged for just over 2 years

Jan 1 3rd year post harvest release

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2
Q

Major Climate / Geo factors of Hungary

A

Carpathian mountains in the east which protect from cold air blowing down from Poland and Ukraine - vineyards in the foothills;

lake effects in the west from Lake Balaton and Neusiedl - temperate climate on the shores

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3
Q

Synonyms for Blaufrankisch

A

Kekfrankos, Nagyburgundy

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4
Q

Soils of Tokaj

A

volcanic clay on higher sits,

loess and sedimentary soils,

sandy soils on the banks of the Bodrog and around Tokaj town

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5
Q

Tokaj climate

A

warm continental, with long, humid autumns

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6
Q

Tokaj Renaissance

A

Producers Association supporting the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd growths

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7
Q

Modern system of puttonyos

A

3, 4, 5 puttonyos > 120 g/L of RS … up to 6 puttonyos > 150 g/L

Designations eliminated for the 2013 vintage

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8
Q

100 kg of aszu paste can make as much as ___ of wine

A

220 L

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9
Q

Grapes of Tokaj

A 
Furmint, 
Harslevelu, 
Sargamuskatoly (petit grains), 
Kabar, 
Koverszolo, 
Zeta
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10
Q

Minimum aging for Tokaj Aszu

A

18 months in barrel,

January 1 release - 3rd year after harvest

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11
Q

Minimum actual alcohol - Tokaj

A

9%

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12
Q

Minimum aging for

Szamorodni, Maslas, Forditas

A

6 months in barrel

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13
Q

Eszencia - alcohol, RS, yields

A

27.75% potential alcohol,

minimum RS of 450 g/L

  • max. 2 tons/ha
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14
Q

Aszu - alcohol, RS, yields

A

19% potential alcohol,

120 g/L - max.

70 hl/ha

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15
Q

Aszueszencia (outdated past 2013) - alcohol, RS

A

16.62% potential alcohol, 180 g/L

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16
Q

6 puttonyos - alcohol, RS

A

18.53% alc, 150 g/L

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17
Q

szamorodni szaraz - alcohol, RS

A

12% alc,

max 9 g/L

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18
Q

szamorodni edes - alcohol, RS

A

16% potential alc, min. 45 g/L

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19
Q

forditas - alcohol, RS

A

12% alc, min. 45 g/L - referments with pressed paste

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20
Q

maslas - alcohol, RS

A

12% alc, min. 45 g/L - referments with spent lees

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21
Q

kesoi szuretelesu bor - alcohol, RS

A

13.6% alc, min. 45 g/L - late harvest wine

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22
Q

fehrer bor - alcohol

A

white table wine

min. 10.6% alc
no sugar req.

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23
Q

peszgo - pressure, alcohol

A

min. 3.5 bar, 10% alcohol - sparkling

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24
Q

gyongyozobor

A

frizzante

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25
Q

Tokaj label integrity in effect since

A

2007 - No tokay d’Alsace

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26
Q

Egri Bikaver

A

“bull’s blood” at least 4 varieties for Egri (30-50% kekfrankos),

3 for Szekszard (min. 45% kekfrankos)

  • usually based on Kadarka and Kekfrankos
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27
Q

Aging for normal Egri Bikaver

A

6 months barrel

released year following harvest

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28
Q

Eger terroir

A

cradled between the Bukk range to the northeast and the Matra foothills to the west- warmish mesoclimate - similar style to Neusiedlersee-Hugelland to the west (Kekfrankos and BDX grapes)

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29
Q

History behind Bull’s Blood

A

Ottoman Turk’s invaded in 14th century and were fought ferociously, the Hungarians must have consumed bull’s blood to make them fearless (beards were stained red from wine - but no red wine made then;) red grapes didn’t arrive until the 15th century )

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30
Q

Csillag

A

“Star” - Eger’s white version of Bull’s blood - blend of min. 4 varieties

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31
Q

Egri Classicus,
Superior,
Grand Superior

A

Higher alc,
lower yields,

longer aging for Superior and Grand Superior

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32
Q

Star grapes of Matra

2nd largest producing region in Hungary after Pannon

A

volcanic, basalt-rich (Rangen)

Rizlingzilvani (Muller Thurgau)
Chasselas
Muscat Ottonel
Olaszrisling
Irsai Oliver
Tramini
Chardonnay
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33
Q

Rizlingzilvani

A

Muller-Thurgau

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34
Q

Jegbor

A

Ice wine

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35
Q

Toppedt Szolobol Keszult

A

Selected Berry Harvest

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36
Q

Villany Classicus

A

51-66% Kekoporto (blauer portugieser) w/ Bordeaux grapes

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37
Q

Villany Super Premium

A

CF

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38
Q

Most planted grape in Hungary

A

Kekfrankos - modern versions treated much more like pinot noir

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39
Q

When did democracy come to Hungary

A

1989

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40
Q

Somlo (north of Lake Balaton)

A 
fiery, mineral (volcanic) whites from 
Juhfark 
Furmint
Harslevelu 
Olasrizling

best Hungarian sparkling furmint made by Kreinbacher

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41
Q

Sopron (NW on the border of Austria)

Lake Ferto (Neusiedl)

A

Kekfrankos on slate - Franz Weninger Jr.

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42
Q

Debroi Harslevelu

A

single commune appellation for harslevelu in Eger

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43
Q

OEM - Oltalom Alatt Allo Eredetmegjelolesek)

A

PDO wine

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44
Q

OFJ - Oltalom Alatt Allo Foldrajzi Jelzesek

A

PGI wine

45
Q

szolo

A

grapes

46
Q

szolobirtok

A

wine estate

47
Q

szoloskert

A

vineyard

48
Q

fehrer bor

A

white wine

49
Q

voros bor

A

red wine

50
Q

What led Bulgaria to become the 4th largest exporter of wine in 1990?

A

PepsiCo traded expertise from UC Davis in order to sell Pepsi behind the iron curtain

51
Q

Most visible export brand from Bulgaria?

A

Domaine Boyar

52
Q

Climate of Bulgaria

A

warm continental, east is tempered by the Black sea

53
Q

Bulgaria terroir

A

vineyards on valley floors (alluvium), coastal plains, some hillsides

black chernozem humus-rich soils over limestone in the North (Danubian Plain)

brown forest soils in the south (Thracian lowlands)

54
Q

Bulgaria River Valleys

A

Danube (northern border)

Struma (southwest corner)

Maritsa (south)

55
Q

Most common style of Bulgarian wine

A

PGI more popular than 52 DGO (less restricted)

usually BDX blends with other grapes - sometimes native (mavrud, rubin)

56
Q

Most planted local Bulgarian grape

A

Mavrud

57
Q

Kontroliran

A

similar to DOCG

higher than DGO

58
Q

premium Croatian wine

A

Vrhunsko Vino

59
Q

Vrhunsko Vino

A

Istria & Kvarner

Dalmatia

60
Q

Istria specialties

A

malvazija istarska, teran (sometimes with merlot), Zlahtina from the island of Krk

61
Q

Dalmatia specialties

A

Plavac Mali from Dingac and Postup

Crljenak Kastelanski (rescued from 9 vines at Kastela near Split)

Babic (red) grown near Sibenik and Primosten (North Sjeverna Dalmatia)

Posip - most important white especially from island of Hvar

62
Q

Slavonia

Croatian Danube (east) specialties

A

Grasevina (welschriesling) - most planted white grape - sometimes impressive late harvest styles,

Traminac (gewurz), CH, SB, Blaufrankisch, CS, merlot, PN - reds often aged in botti

63
Q

Croatian Upland (Zagreb - capital)

A

coldest zone - some ice wines, international varieties

64
Q

What is Sivi Pinot?

A

Pinot Grigio - Slovenian term

65
Q

PGI regions of Slovenia

A

Primorje (coastal),

Podravje (northeast -maribor),

Posavje (southeast)

66
Q

Primorje PDOs

A

Goriska Brda,
Vipavska Dolina,
Kras,
Slovenska Istra

67
Q

Goriska Brda terroir

A

“Opoka” soils - clay, marl, limestone - slightly rainy, ribolla gialla

68
Q

Vipavska Dolina terroir

A

strong “Burja” wind

whites from zelen and pinela, + ribolla gialla

also PN reds

69
Q

Kras terroir

A

red soil over limestone karst - teran (refosk)

70
Q

Istra terroir

A

gulf of Trieste, malvazija and refosk

71
Q

Slovenian region that is a continuation of Styria (in Podravje)?

warmer district in Podravje?

A

Stajerska Slovenija - continental

Laski Riesling (welschriesling), 
Sipon (furmint), 
Modra Frankinja (blaufrankisch)

Prekmurje - Modra Frankinja

72
Q

Posavje (south of Podravje) specialties

A

light, tart Cvicek
Rumeni Plavec
Zametovka for lively sparkling
promising Modra Frankinja

73
Q

Egon Muller involvement in Slovakia

A

Chateau Bela - beautiful riesling, more full-bodied

74
Q

Excellent Slovakia producers

A 
Bott Frigyes (Hungarian), 
Karpatska Perla (own PDO), 
Pavelka, 
Shalicky Rubin (own PDO)
75
Q

Slovakian name for aszu wine

A

vyber

76
Q

Slovakia Tokaj difference

A

may still be 3-6 puttonyos

must include all 3 furmint, lipovina (harslevelu), and muskat zlty

usually fuller and more oxidized than Hungarian

77
Q

Slovakia red wine area

A

Juznoslovenska - far southwest near Bratislava

78
Q

Slovakia terroir

A

cool continental climate, mountainous terrain - volcanic, granite, schist, carbonate clay, sandstone, loess, alluvial soils - most vineyards on south-facing slopes of foothills

79
Q

Most planted grapes in Slovakia

A 
Gruner Veltliner (Veltlinksy Zelene), 
Rizling Vlassky, 
Frankovka Modra, 
Muller Thurgau, 
Svatovavrinkecke (St Laurent), 
Rizling Rynsky, 
Rulandske Biele (Pinot Blanc)
80
Q

Moravia (Czech) is a natural continuation of

A

Austria’s Weinviertel

81
Q

Four subregions of Moravia (warmer than Bohemia - rain shadow of the Czech-Moravian highlands)

A

Znojmo,
Velke Pavlovice,
Mikulov,
Slovacko

82
Q

Czech native reds (Bohemia)

A

Andre, Cabernet Moravia, Neronet

83
Q

Terroir of Czechia

A

limestone-clay, loess, marl, sand, gravel

84
Q

Major grapes of Czechia

A

mostly Austrian whites and reds, also native Palava, Muskat Moravsky, Aurelius

85
Q

Romanian DOC - CMD

A

fully mature grapes (Cules la Maturitate Deplina)

86
Q

DOC - CT

A

late-harvest (Cules tarziu)

87
Q

DOC - CIB

A

botrytis harvest (Cules la Innobilarea Boabelor)

88
Q

Most important wine region in Romania

A

Moldovan Hills - where Cotnari and Cotesti are located (mainly semi-sweet wines now)

89
Q

Carpathian foothills above the Danube

A

Oltenia and Muntenia

Dealu Mare DOC good for reds

Pietroasa DOC - tamaioasa (muscat blanc) sweet wines

Dragasani DOC - Cramposie Selectionata, Negru de Dragasani, Novac

90
Q

Iconic Romanian wines (from Oltenia and Muntenia)

A

SERVE - Cuvee Charlotte (CS, Feteasca Neagra);

Davino - Domaine Ceptura (CS, Merlot, Feteasca),

Flamboyant (CS, Merlot, Feteasca)

91
Q

Moldovan wine

A

Purcari “Negru de Purcari” - Stefan Voda PGI (bordering Odesa) - BDX blend;

Rara Neagra - Babeasca Negra

92
Q

Milesti Mici location

A

huge limestone mine = wine cellar south of Chisinau, also one in Cricova

93
Q

Largest regions of Russian production

A

Kuban (Krasnodar- border with Crimea),

Dagestan (western bank of Caspian Sea)

94
Q

Russian quality problem

A

“Russian” wine can be labeled as such so long as it is bottled in Russia

95
Q

Ukrainian wine in export markets

A

Shabo - Odesa PGI - Stephan Derenoncourt

96
Q

What is Magarach?

A

Ukrainian cross of CS x Saperavi

97
Q

What does “Dulos Bor” refer to? (Hungarian)

A

Single vineyard wine

98
Q

Struma River Valley in Bulgaria is home to what variety exclusively planted there?

A

Melnik

99
Q

Dulo (Hungarian)

A

vineyard

100
Q

DHC (Hungary)

A

Districus Hungaricus Controllatus - PDO for Villany

101
Q

Hordo (Hungarian)

A

Cask

102
Q

Siller (Hungarian)

A

very dark rose / pale red

103
Q

Valogatas (Hungarian)

A

selection

104
Q

What is the Csopak Kodex?

A

Quality appellation system for Olazsrizling near Balaton (Balatonfured-Csopak)

105
Q

Where is Melnik grown?

A

Harsovo controliran in the Struma River Valley - Bulgaria

106
Q

Croatian winery producing Posip?

A

Stina - Sredna i Juzna Dalmatia

107
Q

Croatian winery producing Plavac Mali?

A

Milosc - Sredna i Juzna Dalmatia

108
Q

Historical puttony minimums (prior to 2013)

A

3 puttony 60 - 90 g/L

4 puttony 90 - 120 g/L

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