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Master Sommelier Theory > Southwest France > Flashcards

Southwest France Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

AOCs of the Dordogne Valley (9)

A

Bergerac, Cotes de Bergerac, Montravel, Côtes de Montravel, Haut Montravel, Monbazillac, Saussignac, Rosette, Pécharmant

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2
Q

Dordogne AOC for dry red only

A

Pécharmant: CF, CS, Merlot, Côt (all < 65%)

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3
Q

What are 5 sweet wine AOPs of the Dordogne valley?

A

Cotes de Montravel (25-54 g/L),

Haut Montravel (85 g/L),

Rosette (25-51 g/L),

Monbazillac (45 g/L),

Saussignac (68 g/L)

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4
Q

Which Dordogne AOC produces SGN wines?

A

Monbazillac (85 g/L)

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5
Q

Which SW AOC has the most acreage under vine?

A

Bergerac

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6
Q

AOCs of the Garonne Valley

A 
Cotes de Duras,
Cotes du Marmandais, 
Buzet, 
Brulhois, 
Saint Sardos, 
Fronton
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7
Q

Accessory varieties for

Bergerac Blanc (Sem, SB, SG, Muscadelle)

and Rouge (CS, CF, Cot, Merlot)

A

Chenin, Ondenc;

Fer, Merille

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8
Q

Cotes de Duras styles

A

Blanc (min. 12 g/L),
Blanc Sec,
Rose,
Rouge (Bdx grapes)

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9
Q

Cotes du Marmandais

A

Blanc,
Rose,
Rouge

(BDX + max. 50% Abouriou,
Cot, Fer, Gamay, Syrah)

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10
Q

Buzet

A

Blanc, Rose, Rouge

(BDX + colombard, mansengs;

BDX + abouriou, petit verdot)

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11
Q

Brulhois

A

Rose, Rouge:

CF, Merlot, Tannat + acc.

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12
Q

Saint Sardos

A

Rose, Rouge:

Syrah, Tannat + acc.

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13
Q

Fronton (on the Tarn River)

A

Rose, Rouge: min. 50% Negrette, syrah, cot, fer, cf, cs, gamay, cinsault, merille

(Negrette brought back from the Crusades by the Knights Templar - Sankt Laurent?)

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14
Q

Gaillac Blanc grapes

A

Len de l’El,
Mauzac,
Mauzac Rose,
Muscadelle

+ Ondenc, SB

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15
Q

Gaillac Rose/Rouge grapes

A 
Syrah, 
Duras, 
Prunelard, 
Fer (Braucol) 
\+ CF, CS, Gamay, Merlot
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16
Q

Gaillac Blanc styles

A 
Blanc, 
Blanc VT, 
Blanc Doux, 
Mousseux, 
Mousseux Doux, 
Mousseux Ancestrale
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17
Q

Gaillac Rouge styles

A

Rose,
Rouge,
Primeur 100% Gamay

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18
Q

What style is Gaillac Premier Cotes?

A

Blanc Sec

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19
Q

Gaillac Ancestrale is made from what grapes?

A

Mauzac, Mauzac Rose

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20
Q

Min. RS for

Gaillac Doux,
Mousseux Doux,
and VT

A

45 g/L
50 g/L ( < 50 g/L for mousseux)
100 g/L

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21
Q

When was Gaillac established?

A

1st century by the Romans

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22
Q

AOC of the Tarn Basin

A

Gaillac - soils are molasses, limestone

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23
Q

AOCs of the Lot Valley

A

Cahors, Coteaux du Quercy

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24
Q

Cahors encepagement

A

min. 70% cot w/ merlot, tannat

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25
Q

Cahors elevage

A

not until March 15 year following harvest

26
Q

What are the soils of Cahors?

A

Limestone plateaux “Causses” - 5 elevation levels of which the highest are best - most tannic, long lived wines

27
Q

When was Malbec introduced to Bordeaux

A

18th century - the dark wines of Cahors were used to add color to the wines

28
Q

Coteaux du Quercy styles

A

Rose, Rouge:

CF, Cot, Merlot, Tannat, gamay

29
Q

AOCs of the Aveyron Basin

A

Marcillac,
Cotes de Millau,
Estaing,
Entraygues-le-Fel

30
Q

Marcillac styles

A

Rose, Rouge:

90% Fer, prunelard, cs, merlot

31
Q

Cotes de Millau styles

A

Blanc: 50%
Chenin, mauzac

Rose/Rouge:
Gamay, Syrah, cs, fer, duras

32
Q

Entraygues-le-Fel (on the Lot River)

A

Blanc: Chenin, mauzac, saint-come

Rose/Rouge: Fer, CF, CS

33
Q

Estaing (on the Lot River)

A

Blanc:
Chenin, mauzac, saint-come

Rose/Rouge:
Gamay, Fer

34
Q

Which part of the SW has the most continental climate?

A

Aveyron basin - spring rain and storms

35
Q

AOCs of the Pyrenees Foothills

A 
Madiran, 
Pacherenc du Vic Bihl, 
Saint Mont, 
Tursan, 
Bearn, 
Jurancon, 
Irouleguy
36
Q

Madiran encepagement, elevage

A

60-80% Tannat, cf, cs, fer (pinenc); Nov. 1st (26 mo)

37
Q

Madiran soil and position

A

5 parallel ridges that run north-south between the Pyrenees foothills and the Landes plains. Limestone rich clays studded with pebbles and iron manganese oxide - limestone slabs called “Greppe”

38
Q

River to the East of Madiran Ville

A

Adour - connects to the port of Bayonne

39
Q

Cotoid Family of grapes

A

Malbec, Tannat, Prunelard, Negrette (NOT FER)

40
Q

Jurancon styles

A

“Blanc” (demi sec - min. 40 g/L),
Blanc Sec,
VT (55 g/L)

41
Q

Jurancon grapes

A 
Gros Manseng, 
Petit Manseng (min. 50%), 
Courbu Blanc, 
Petit Courbu, 
Camaralet
42
Q

Jurancon soils

A

poudingues - sedimentary rocks “pudding stones” - alluvial soils

43
Q

Jurancon producers

A

Clos Joliette,
Domaine Cauhape,
Camin Larredya,
Louis Benjamin Dagueneau

44
Q

Jurancon History

A

Long history - trade with Russia and Holland along with Monbazillac

45
Q

Madiran producers

A

Bouscasse,
Montus (Alain Brumont),
Ch. d’Aydie (Patrick Ducournau - micro-ox)

46
Q

Pacherenc du Vic-Bihl styles and grapes

A

Blanc (45 g/L), Blanc Sec

Courbu,
Petit Courbu,
Gros Manseng,
Petit Manseng

47
Q

Saint Mont styles and grapes

A

Blanc, Rose, Rouge

Gros Manseng 50%, arrufiac, courbus

tannat based

48
Q

Tursan styles and grapes (Michel Guerard in Eugenie les Bains (eponymous restaurant)

A

Blanc, Rose, Rouge;

Baroque and Gros Manseng

CF and Tannat

49
Q

Bearn styles and grapes

A

Blanc, Rose, Rouge (Dry)

Rafiat de Moncade, mansengs

Tannat, CS, CF

50
Q

Irrouleguy styles and grapes

A

Rouge, Rose; CF, CS, Tannat

51
Q

Which SW AOCs overlap with Armagnac (Gers dept.)?

A

Cotes de Gascogne IGP (Ugni, Colombard),
Saint Mont,
Brulhois,
Buzet

52
Q

Why do the Southwest wines struggle for recognition?

A

Despite being an ancient wine region in Roman times, the wines were heavily taxed or held back at the port of Bordeaux before those wines were exported (Privilege de Bordeaux)

53
Q

What is a favorable vineyard aspect in the Southwest?

A

East/Southeast to avoid Atlantic gusts

54
Q

What is the general soil type of the SW?

A

Limestone and clay bedrock overlain by alluvial soils - gravel, sand, silt - and rocky soils shorn from the pyrenees - some oxidized

55
Q

Sauvignon and Semillon dominate in the northern appellations, while __ and __ dominate in the south.

A

Gros Manseng, Petit Manseng

56
Q

Floc de Gascogne

A

Armagnac aged one year before mutage, min. 52% abv

57
Q

Vin de Paille authorized in what SW AOC?

A

Correze

58
Q

Cryoextraction - grapes with lower sugar freeze first and are not selected for pressing

A

Monbazillac, Rosette

not allowed for Saussignac

59
Q

Cliquage vs. bullage

A

Cliquage - wand stirred into wine barrel (elevage), Bullage - pumped into tank during fermentation

60
Q

What does Micro-Ox achieve?

A

Tannat is prone to reduction in stainless steel, microbullage improves yeast performance during ferment, fixes color before malo, rounds out tannins and defines flavors during elevage

61
Q

Are Bordeaux grapes required in Gaillac AOC?

A

No, just accessories

62
Q

Is Cabernet required in Cotes de Millau?

A

Yes, 10-30% in addition to gamay and syrah (Cabardes in Languedoc requires Min. 40% combined Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Merlot; min. 40% combined Grenache and Syrah)

Master Sommelier Theory (68 decks)

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